Abstract: A catalyst composition including: (a) a chromium compound; (b) a ligand of the general structure (A) R1R2P—N(R3)—P(R4)—NR5R6 or (B) R1R2P—N(R3)—P(XR7)R8 or R1R2P—N(R3)—P(XR7)2, with X?O or S, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are independently C1-C10-alkyl, C6-C20-aryl, C3-C10-cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkylaryl, or trialkylsilyl, or any cyclic derivatives of (A) and (B), wherein at least one of the P or N atoms of the PNPN-unit or PNP-unit is a member of the ring system, the ring system being formed from one or more constituent compounds of structures (A) or (B) by substitution; and (c) an activator or co-catalyst; and a process for tri- and/or tetramerization.

Abstract: A method for processing an oligomerization product stream includes discharging the oligomerization product stream from an oligomerization reactor through a product outlet line, and heating the oligomerization product stream, heating a wall of the product outlet line, or both. The oligomerization product stream includes solvent, linear alpha olefins, a polymer byproduct, or a combination of at least one of the foregoing. The heating is to a temperature that is greater than the melting temperature of the polymer byproduct present in the oligomerization product stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing butadiene from n-butenes having the steps: A) providing an n-butene-comprising feed gas stream a; B) feeding the n-butene-comprising feed gas stream a and an oxygen-comprising gas into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butenes to butadiene, wherein a product gas stream b comprising butadiene, unreacted n-butenes, steam, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, high-boiling minor components, optionally carbon oxides and optionally inert gases is obtained; Ca) cooling the product gas stream b by contacting it with a refrigerant and condensing at least a part of the high-boiling minor components; Cb) compressing the remaining product gas stream b in at least one compression step, wherein at least one aqueous condensate stream c1 and a gas stream c2 comprising butadiene, n-butenes, steam, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, optionally carbon oxides and optionally inert gases is obtained; Da) separating off non-condensable and lo

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing butadiene from n-butenes in n reactors R1 to Rn operated in parallel, wherein the process in the production phase of a reactor Rm in the n reactors comprises the steps: A) provision of a feed gas stream a1m comprising n-butenes; B) feeding of the feed gas stream a1m comprising n-butenes, an oxygen-comprising gas stream a2m and a substream d2m of an oxygen-comprising total recycle gas stream d2 into the oxidative dehydrogenation zone of the reactor and oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butenes to butadiene, giving a product gas substream bm comprising butadiene; C) combination of the product gas substream bm with further product gas substreams to form a total product gas stream b and cooling and compression of the total product gas stream b and condensation of at least part of the high-boiling secondary components, giving at least one aqueous condensate stream c1 and a gas stream c2 comprising butadiene; D) feeding of the gas stream c2 into an absorption zone an

Abstract: Process for preparing butadiene from n-butenes, which has a start-up phase and an operating phase and the operating phase of the process comprises the steps: A) provision of a feed gas stream a1 comprising n-butenes; B) introduction of the feed gas stream a1 comprising n-butenes, an oxygen-comprising gas stream a2 and an oxygen-comprising recycle gas stream d2 into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butenes to butadiene, giving a product gas stream b comprising butadiene; C) cooling and compression of the product gas stream b, giving at least one aqueous condensate stream c1 and a gas stream c2 comprising butadiene; D) introduction of the gas stream c2 into an absorption zone and separation of incondensable and low-boiling gas constituents as gas stream d from the gas stream c2 by absorption of the C4 hydrocarbons in an absorption medium, giving an absorption medium stream loaded with C4 hydrocarbons and the gas stream d, and recirculation of the gas stream d as re

Abstract: A process for flushing an oligomerization reactor is described, including flushing the oligomerization reactor with a flushing medium comprising C6 linear alpha olefins, C8 linear alpha olefins, C10 linear alpha olefins, or a combination including at least one of the foregoing, to provide a purge stream comprising the C6 linear alpha olefins, C8 linear alpha olefins, C10 linear alpha olefins, or a combination including at least one of the foregoing, and a polymer byproduct of an oligomerization reaction. A process for the oligomerization of an olefin is also described, wherein the process includes oligomerizing the olefin in the reactor to form a reaction product stream comprising linear alpha olefins, and subsequently flushing the oligomerization reactor according to the process disclosed herein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing butadiene from n-butenes which comprises the steps of: A) providing a vaporous n-butenes-comprising input gas stream a1 by evaporating a liquid n-butenes-comprising stream a0; B) introducing the vaporous n-butenes-comprising input gas stream a1 and an at least oxygenous gas into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butenes to butadiene to obtain a product gas stream b comprising butadiene, unconverted n-butenes, steam, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, high-boiling secondary components, possibly carbon oxides and possibly inert gases, Ca) chilling the product gas stream b by contacting with a cooling medium comprising an organic solvent in at least one chilling zone, the cooling medium being at least partially recycled into the chilling zone, Cb) compressing the chilled product gas stream b which is possibly depleted of high-boiling secondary components in at least one compression stage to obtain at least one aqueous c

Abstract: A process for deactivation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst is described, including contacting a catalyst composition with a catalyst quenching medium to form a deactivated catalyst composition, and recovering excess catalyst quenching medium. The catalyst quenching medium includes an alcohol having at least 6 carbon atoms, an organic amine, an amino alcohol, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing. The catalyst quenching medium is present in a molar ratio of catalyst quenching medium to catalyst of at least 3:1. A process for the oligomerization of an olefin is also described, including feeding the olefin, a solvent, and a catalyst composition into a reactor, oligomerizing the olefin in the reactor to form a reaction product stream including linear alpha olefins, solvent, and the catalyst composition, and contacting the reaction product stream with a catalyst quenching medium.

Abstract: A process for preparing butadiene from n-butenes, comprising the steps of: A) providing an input gas stream comprising n-butenes; B) feeding the input gas stream comprising n-butenes and a gas containing at least oxygen into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butenes to butadiene, giving a product gas stream; Ca) cooling the product gas stream by contacting with a circulating cooling medium in at least one cooling zone; Cb) compressing the cooled product gas stream in at least one compression stage, giving at least one aqueous condensate stream c1 and one gas stream c2; D) removing uncondensable and low-boiling gas constituents comprising oxygen and low-boiling hydrocarbons as gas stream d2 from the gas stream c2 by absorbing the C4 hydrocarbons in an absorbent, giving an absorbent stream laden with C4 hydrocarbons and the gas stream d2, and then desorbing the C4 hydrocarbons from the laden absorbent stream, giving a C4 product gas stream d1; E) separating the C4

Abstract: A catalyst composition including: (a) a chromium compound; (b) a ligand of the general structure R1R2P—N(R3)—P(XR7)2, wherein X is O or S, R1, R2, and R3 are each independently C1-C10-alkyl, C6-C20-cycloalkyl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, or trialkylsilyl, or any cyclic derivatives of the ligand, wherein at least one of the P or N atoms of the PNP-unit is a member of the ring system, the ring system being formed from one or more constituent compounds of the ligand by substitution, and R7 is C1-C10-alkyl, C3-C10-cycloalkyl, arylalkyl, or trialkylsilyl; and (c) an activator or co-catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing butadiene from n-butenes, comprising the steps of: A) providing an input gas stream a comprising n-butenes, B) feeding the input gas stream a comprising n-butenes and a gas containing at least oxygen into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butenes to butadiene, giving a product gas stream b comprising butadiene, unconverted n-butenes, water vapor, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons and high-boiling secondary components, with or without carbon oxides and with or without inert gases; Ca) cooling the product gas stream b by contacting with a cooling medium in at least one cooling zone, the cooling medium being at least partly recycled and having an aqueous phase and an organic phase, Cb) compressing the cooled product gas stream b which may have been depleted of high-boiling secondary components in at least one compression stage, giving at least one aqueous condensate stream c1 and one gas stream c2 comprising butadiene, n

Abstract: A catalyst composition including: (a) a chromium compound; (b) a ligand of the general structure R1R2P—N(R3)—P(R4)—NR5R6 or??(A) R1R2P—N(R3)—P(XR7)R8 or R1R2P—N(R3)—P(XR7)2, with X?O or S,??(B) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are independently C1-C10-alkyl, C6-C20-aryl, C3-C10-cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkylaryl, or trialkylsilyl, or any cyclic derivatives of (A) and (B), wherein at least one of the P or N atoms of the PNPN-unit or PNP-unit is a member of the ring system, the ring system being formed from one or more constituent compounds of structures (A) or (B) by substitution; and (c) an activator or co-catalyst; and a process for tri- and/or tetramerization.

Abstract: A method for processing an oligomerization product stream includes discharging the oligomerization product stream from an oligomerization reactor through a product outlet line, and heating the oligomerization product stream, heating a wall of the product outlet line, or both. The oligomerization product stream includes solvent, linear alpha olefins, a polymer byproduct, or a combination of at least one of the foregoing. The heating is to a temperature that is greater than the melting temperature of the polymer byproduct present in the oligomerization product stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing butadiene from n-butenes having the steps: A) providing an n-butene-comprising feed gas stream a; B) feeding the n-butene-comprising feed gas stream a and an oxygen-comprising gas into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butenes to butadiene, wherein a product gas stream b comprising butadiene, unreacted n-butenes, steam, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, high-boiling minor components, optionally carbon oxides and optionally inert gases is obtained; Ca) cooling the product gas stream b by contacting it with a refrigerant and condensing at least a part of the high-boiling minor components; Cb) compressing the remaining product gas stream b in at least one compression step, wherein at least one aqueous condensate stream c1 and a gas stream c2 comprising butadiene, n-butenes, steam, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, optionally carbon oxides and optionally inert gases is obtained; Da) separating off non-condensable and lo

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the oligomerization of ethylene, comprising: a) oligomerization of ethylene in a reactor in the presence of solvent and catalyst; b) transferring reactor overhead effluent to an externally located cooling device and recycling condensed effluent into the reactor; c) transferring the reactor bottom effluent to a series of fractionation columns and, in the following order, i) optionally separating a C4 fraction, ii) separating a C6 fraction, iii) simultaneously separating C8 and C10 fractions and recycling thereof into the reactor , and iv) separating residues comprising ?C12 fractions, spent catalyst polymer material and quench media, from the process, wherein the solvent is separated in any of the steps i)-iv)and/or in an additional step.

Abstract: A process for deactivation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst is described, including contacting a catalyst composition with a catalyst quenching medium to form a deactivated catalyst composition, and recovering excess catalyst quenching medium. The catalyst quenching medium includes an alcohol having at least 6 carbon atoms, an organic amine, an amino alcohol, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing. The catalyst quenching medium is present in a molar ratio of catalyst quenching medium to catalyst of at least 3:1. A process for the oligomerization of an olefin is also described, including feeding the olefin, a solvent, and a catalyst composition into a reactor, oligomerizing the olefin in the reactor to form a reaction product stream including linear alpha olefins, solvent, and the catalyst composition, and contacting the reaction product stream with a catalyst quenching medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing butadiene from n-butenes, comprising the steps of: A) providing an input gas stream a comprising n-butenes, B) feeding the input gas stream a comprising n-butenes and a gas containing at least oxygen into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butenes to butadiene, giving a product gas stream b comprising butadiene, unconverted n-butenes, water vapor, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons and high-boiling secondary components, with or without carbon oxides and with or without inert gases; Ca) cooling the product gas stream b by contacting with a cooling medium in at least one cooling zone, the cooling medium being at least partly recycled and having an aqueous phase and an organic phase of an organic solvent, wherein the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of toluene, o-, m- and p-xylene, mesitylene, mono-, di- and triethylbenzene, mono-, di- and triisopropylbenzene and mixtures thereof, and the mass ratio of

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing butadiene from n-butenes which comprises the steps of: A) providing a vaporous n-butenes-comprising input gas stream a1 by evaporating a liquid n-butenes-comprising stream a0; B) introducing the vaporous n-butenes-comprising input gas stream a1 and an at least oxygenous gas into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butenes to butadiene to obtain a product gas stream b comprising butadiene, unconverted n-butenes, steam, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, high-boiling secondary components, possibly carbon oxides and possibly inert gases, Ca) chilling the product gas stream b by contacting with a cooling medium comprising an organic solvent in at least one chilling zone, the cooling medium being at least partially recycled into the chilling zone, Cb) compressing the chilled product gas stream b which is possibly depleted of high-boiling secondary components in at least one compression stage to obtain at least one aqueous c

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing butadiene from n-butenes, comprising the steps of: A) providing an n-butenes-comprising input gas stream a1, B) feeding the n-butenes-comprising input gas stream al, an oxygenous gas and an oxygenous cycle gas stream a2 into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butenes to butadiene to obtain a product gas stream b comprising butadiene, unconverted n-butenes, steam, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, high-boiling secondary components, possibly carbon oxides and possibly inert gases, Ca) cooling down the product gas stream b and optionally at least partially removing high-boiling secondary components and steam to obtain a product gas stream b?, Cb) compressing and cooling the product gas stream b? in at least one compression and cooling stage to obtain at least one aqueous condensate stream c1 and one gas stream c2 comprising butadiene, n-butenes, steam, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, possibly carbon oxides and possibl

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing butadiene from n-butenes, comprising the steps of: A) providing an input gas stream a comprising n-butenes, B) feeding the input gas stream a comprising n-butenes and a gas containing at least oxygen into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butenes to butadiene, giving a product gas stream b comprising butadiene, unconverted n-butenes, water vapor, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons and high-boiling secondary components, with or without carbon oxides and with or without inert gases; Ca) cooling the product gas stream b by contacting with a cooling medium in at least one cooling zone, the cooling medium being at least partly recycled and having an aqueous phase and an organic phase, Cb) compressing the cooled product gas stream b which may have been depleted of high-boiling secondary components in at least one compression stage, giving at least one aqueous condensate stream c1 and one gas stream c2 comprising butadiene, n