Abstract: To that end, in order to overcome some of the deficiencies presented herein above, an exemplary system, method and computer-accessible medium for determining an attribute(s) of a brain of a patient, can include, for example, receiving information obtained from a computed tomography (“CT”) scan(s) of a portion(s) of the brain, generating a CT image(s) that can be based on the information, and determining the attribute(s) of the brain based on the CT image(s) by segmenting an intracranial space (ICS) in the CT image(s). The attribute(s) can include a presence or absence of Alzheimer's disease, total volume of the ICS, brain, CSF or a lesion or the volumes of ICS, brain, CSF or lesion(s) expressed as a percentage of other volume(s). The aforementioned areas can be segmented using a combination of thresholding, morphological erosions, morphological dilations, manual segmentation or semi-automatic segmentation techniques, all of which can be parallel procedures.

Abstract: To that end, in order to overcome some of the deficiencies presented herein above, an exemplary system, method and computer-accessible medium for determining an attribute(s) of a brain of a patient, can include, for example, receiving information obtained from a computed tomography (“CT”) scan(s) of a portion(s) of the brain, generating a CT image(s) that can be based on the information, and determining the attribute(s) of the brain based on the CT image(s) by segmenting an intracranial space (ICS) in the CT image(s). The attribute(s) can include a presence or absence of Alzheimer's disease, total volume of the ICS, brain, CSF or a lesion or the volumes of ICS, brain, CSF or lesion(s) expressed as a percentage of other volume(s). The aforementioned areas can be segmented using a combination of thresholding, morphological erosions, morphological dilations, manual segmentation or semi-automatic segmentation techniques, all of which can be parallel procedures.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for diagnosing a neurological disease in a subject, screening for or assessing the risk of developing a neurological disease in a subject, monitoring progression of a neurological disease in a subject, assessing efficacy of a therapy for a neurological disease in a subject, and identifying a subject suffering from a neurological disease that may be successfully treated by an agent that affects levels of a biomarker such as a tau protein or an amyloid beta. The methods generally feature (a) obtaining a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample from a subject; (b) providing a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) correction factor for CSF obtained from a subject for at least one biomarker; and (c) determining whether the biomarker is present in elevated amounts or concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample. The neurological disease may be, for instance, impaired cognition or dementia such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD) or Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of method, system and computer-accessible medium according to the present disclosure can be provided for converting magnetic resonance (MR) arterial signal intensity versus time curves to arterial input functions (AIF) with less susceptibility to artifacts such as flow-related enhancement. Exemplary methods, systems and computer-accessible medium can be used to constrain AIF to satisfies the indicator dilution principle, according to which the area under an initial pass component of AIF can be equal to the injected dose divided by the cardiac output. For example, Monte Carlo simulations of MR renography and tumor perfusion protocols can be performed for comparison with conventional methods.

Abstract: Exemplary systems, methods, and computer-accessible mediums can be provided for determining a probability or a presence of a disease(s), which can include, for example, receiving information related to an image(s) of a brain of a patient(s), and determining the probability or the presence of the disease(s) in the patient(s) based on ventricular volume and gray matter of the brain. The disease can be normal pressure hydrocephalus or Alzheimer disease. The determining procedure can be based on the probability, which can be based on a prediction model(s). The prediction model can be a multinomial regression model.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for providing a correcting factor for the dilution of measurements of at least one biomarker in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The method comprises providing semi-automated measurements of the ventricular system by MRI scans using quantitative anatomical protocols, determining a measurement of biomarker levels in CSF that has been extracted, correcting the measurement of the level of said at least one biomarker according to the ventricular size, and providing a corrected result of the measurement determined in step (b), said corrected result accounting for concentration dilution due to the change in ventricular size. The method is particularly suited for the measurement of all biomarkers found in the CSF, such as those associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease.

Abstract: A logic arrangement, system and method for segmentation using magnetic resonance imaging (“MRI”) are provided. For example, as an end product, an image associated with at least one portion of an anatomical structure is generated. In particular, first data associated with the at least one portion of the anatomical structure is received. Second data can be associated with at least one edge of at least one of the at least one portion is obtained based on the first data. The image can be generated based on the first data and the second data. In addition or as an alternative, it is also possible to generate the image using connected voxel components. Such components are created by processing information associated with an erosion of surface voxels of an image.

Abstract: Methods for measuring atrophy in a brain region occupied by the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. In one example, MRI scans and a computational formula are used to measure the medial-temporal lobe region of the brain over a time interval. This region contains the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex, structures allied with learning and memory. Each year this region of the brain shrank in people who developed memory problems up to six years after their first MRI scan. The method is also applicable for measuring the progression rate of atrophy in the region in an instance where the onset of Alzheimer's disease has already been established.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for providing a correcting factor for the dilution of measurements of at least one biomarker in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The method comprises providing semi-automated measurements of the ventricular system by MRI scans using quantitative anatomical protocols, determining a measurement of biomarker levels in CSF that has been extracted, correcting the measurement of the level of said at least one biomarker'according to the ventricular size, and providing a corrected result of the measurement determined in step (b), said corrected result accounting for concentration dilution due to the change in ventricular size. The method is particularly suited for the measurement of all biomarkers found in the CSF, such as those associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of method, system and computer-accessible medium according to the present disclosure can be provided for converting magnetic resonance (MR) arterial signal intensity versus time curves to arterial input functions (AIF) with less susceptibility to artifacts such as flow-related enhancement. Exemplary methods, systems and computer-accessible medium can be used to constrain AIF to satisfies the indicator dilution principle, according to which the area under an initial pass component of AIF can be equal to the injected dose divided by the cardiac output. For example, Monte Carlo simulations of MR renography and tumor perfusion protocols can be performed for comparison with conventional methods.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for providing a correcting factor for the dilution of measurements of at least one biomarker in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The method comprises providing semi-automated measurements of the ventricular system by MRI scans using quantitative anatomical protocols, determining a measurement of biomarker levels in CSF that has been extracted, correcting the measurement of the level of said at least one biomarker'according to the ventricular size, and providing a corrected result of the measurement determined in step (b), said corrected result accounting for concentration dilution due to the change in ventricular size. The method is particularly suited for the measurement of all biomarkers found in the CSF, such as those associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease.

Abstract: A method, system and storage arrangement are provided for effectuating an evaluation and analysis of anatomical structures, and creating and/or modifying images associated therewith. In particular, at least two images associated with the anatomical structure can be normalized so as to produce normalized image. A normalized set of regions of interest can be obtained based on the normalized images. Each of the normalized set of regions of interest may be analyzed to provide analysis data. Further, the anatomical structure mask may be created and/or modified based on the analysis data. Another embodiment provides for rating and analyzing anatomical structures.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for providing a correcting factor for the dilution of measurements of at least one biomarker in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The method comprises providing semi-automated measurements of the ventricular system by MRI scans using quantitative anatomical protocols, determining a measurement of biomarker levels in CSF that has been extracted, correcting the measurement of the level of said at least one biomarker according to the ventricular size, and providing a corrected result of the measurement determined in step (b), said corrected result accounting for concentration dilution due to the change in ventricular size. The method is particularly suited for the measurement of all biomarkers found in the CSF, such as those associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease.

Abstract: A logic arrangement, system and method for segmentation using magnetic resonance imaging (“MRI”) are provided. For example, as an end product, an image associated with at least one portion of an anatomical structure is generated. In particular, first data associated with the at least one portion of the anatomical structure is received. Second data can be associated with at least one edge of at least one of the at least one portion is obtained based on the first data. The image can be generated based on the first data and the second data. In addition or as an alternative, it is also possible to generate the image using connected voxel components. Such components are created by processing information associated with an erosion of surface voxels of an image.

Abstract: A method, system and storage arrangement are provided for effectuating an evaluation and analysis of anatomical structures, and creating and/or modifying images associated therewith. In particular, at least two images associated with the anatomical structure can be normalized so as to produce normalized image. A normalized set of regions of interest can be obtained based on the normalized images. Each of the normalized set of regions of interest may be analyzed to provide analysis data. Further, the anatomical structure mask may be created and/or modified based on the analysis data. Another embodiment provides for rating and analyzing anatomical structures.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for providing a correcting factor for the dilution of measurements of at least one biomarker in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The method comprises providing semi-automated measurements of the ventricular system by MRI scans using quantitative anatomical protocols, determining a measurement of biomarker levels in CSF that has been extracted, correcting the measurement of the level of said at least one biomarker according to the ventricular size, and providing a corrected result of the measurement determined in step (b), said corrected result accounting for concentration dilution due to the change in ventricular size. The method is particularly suited for the measurement of all biomarkers found in the CSF, such as those associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease.

Abstract: Methods for measuring atrophy in a brain region occupied by the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. In one example, MRI scans and a computational formula are used to measure the medial-temporal lobe region of the brain over a time interval. This region contains the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex, structures allied with learning and memory. Each year this region of the brain shrank in people who developed memory problems up to six years after their first MRI scan. The method is also applicable for measuring the progression rate of atrophy in the region in an instance where the onset of Alzheimer's disease has already been established.

Abstract: A magnetic structure generating a uniform magnetic field within a region of interest using permanently magnetized prism-shaped blocks of magnetic material positioned around a cavity and which constitute the predominant generator of the uniform magnetic field in the desired region of interest. The magnetic structure has a plane surface comprising a high permeability ferromagnetic member interfacing with a first side of the cavity and forming a single pole piece of the magnetic structure. The magnetic structure produces within the cavity adjacent the single pole piece the uniform magnetic field and collects the magnetic flux flowing through the single pole piece and through the cavity, with the region of interest being located adjacent the single pole piece. A second side of the cavity generally opposite to the first side is open to a surrounding medium and forms an interface with the surrounding medium but not with a magnetic member.

Abstract: A magnetic structure generating a substantially uniform magnetic field within a region of interest using permanently magnetized wedge-shaped blocks of magnetic material. In a preferred embodiment, the permanently magnetized wedge-shaped blocks are provided in pairs positioned on opposite sides of the x z plane of an arbitrary x,y,z coordinate system, and each of the blocks are magnetized in certain directions. The uniform field is created in the vicinity of the z axis. In another embodiment, the parts of the structure below the x-axis are replaced by a high-permeability, soft magnetic plate to form a so-called mirror system. In still another embodiment, permanently magnetized blocks positioned outside of the wedge-shaped blocks are employed as the main compensation means for field distortions arising from the practical need to truncate the wedge-shaped blocks to a practical size.

Abstract: Strapped open magnetic structure, particularly useful in nuclear magnetic resonance imaging applications, which provides a substantially uniform magnetic field within a region of interest while allowing access by a surgeon to a patient via an opening at the top of the magnetic structure. The magnetic structure comprises nested inner and outer magnetic structures separated by ferromagnetic material or pole pieces and surrounded by a ferromagnetic yoke. The structure contains one or more thin layers or straps of high magnetic permeability material aligned substantially along equipotential surface(s) of an associated closed magnetic structure of ideal properties.