Abstract: What is provided is a liquid droplet forming apparatus capable of stably ejecting dispersion liquid, as liquid droplets, containing settling particles having constant concentration. A liquid droplet forming apparatus includes an ejection head that has a liquid chamber storing liquid containing settling particles and that ejects a liquid droplet of the liquid, stirrer for stirring the liquid held in the liquid chamber, posture controller for controlling a posture of the stirrer, and a control unit that controls operations of the ejection head, the stirrer, and the posture controller, in which the stirrer includes a tube-like member inserted into the liquid chamber, and a liquid feeding portion that sucks or discharges the liquid stored in the liquid chamber via the tube-like member, and the posture controller controls one or both of the position and the direction in which the stirrer sucks and discharges the liquid in the liquid chamber.

Abstract: A gel precursor composition causative of no apprehension about exhibiting cytotoxicity can be made. A method for producing a gel causative of no apprehension about exhibiting cytotoxicity, using the gel precursor composition can be performed. One of the present embodiments is a gel precursor composition including: a biocompatible polymer; a crosslinking agent to be activated by a specific substance; and a photoresponsive compound bound to the specific substance, or encompassing the specific substance.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogel that has both gel shapeability and cell adhesiveness, and enables a long-time cell culture.

Abstract: A method for producing porous carrier having high porosity that is excellent in shape retention can be performed. A porous structure is formed by: preparing a liquid mixture that has at least a first polypeptide and a second polypeptide; and adding transglutaminase to the liquid mixture, and allowing the resulting mixture to react to form a gel.

Abstract: (Object) To improve the accuracy of the placement of liquid droplets. (Means of Achieving the object) A liquid droplet discharging method is performed by a liquid droplet discharging apparatus configured to discharge a liquid droplet from a nozzle hole formed in a film-like member, the liquid droplet discharging method including positioning the nozzle hole inside a recessed portion provided in a container; and discharging the liquid droplet from the nozzle hole positioned inside the recessed portion.

Abstract: Provided is a cell tissue producing method including: a cell adhesive portion forming step of forming a cell adhesive portion formed of a cell adhesive material and having a predetermined shape at a predetermined position over a substrate having a cell non-adhesive surface; and a cell locating step of discharging a cell suspension containing at least cells and a cell drying inhibitor onto the cell adhesive portion in the form of a liquid droplet to locate the cells.

Abstract: Provided is an electrochromic device including an electrochromic element including a protrusion on a periphery of the electrochromic element, and a frame holding the electrochromic element, wherein the protrusion includes an electrode pad, and the frame includes a connecting member configured to electrically connect to the electrode pad.

Abstract: This invention is to develop a production method for a cell culture carrier comprising a hydrogel having high shape retainability, and cell culture carrier production device, and to provide a structure composed of a cell culture carrier produced using the same.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for precisely arranging nerve cells on a substrate while suppressing the migration of nerve cells. A manufacturing method for a substrate on which nerve cells are arranged is provided, the method including a step of arranging, on a substrate, a plurality of liquid droplets containing nerve cells by an inkjet method to form one or a plurality of liquid pools, the substrate having a region in which a cell adhesive material is arranged and a region in which a cell non-adhesive material is arranged; and a step of incubating the liquid pool until the nerve cells sediment and temporarily adhere onto the substrate to form a cell aggregate. The diameter per one liquid pool is 500 ?m or less, and the density of nerve cells per one liquid pool is 105 cells/cm2 or more.

Abstract: A cell-containing container includes at least one recessed part accommodating cells, in which the cells adhere to a bottom surface of the recessed part, and a cell density in a first region of the bottom surface is 250 to 20,000 cells/mm2, and a cell density in a second region surrounding a periphery of the first region is less than 250 cells/mm2.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid discharging head including: a membranous member including a discharging port through which a liquid is discharged; and a displacement member disposed at membranous member's one side at which the liquid to be discharged through the discharging port is provided and configured to displace a position of the membranous member to cause the liquid to be discharged through the discharging port.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head including: a film member including a discharge hole configured to discharge liquid; and a displacement member configured to displace a position of the film member to discharge the liquid from the discharge hole, wherein an edge of the film member forming the discharge hole has a curve in a cross section of the film member in a thickness direction of the film member, and a surface of the film member includes a passive film.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a layered body of cells that is used in a co-culture technique and that is capable of recognizing as paracrine effect of each cell and detecting the effect with high intensity.

Abstract: A droplet forming device is provided. The droplet forming device includes a liquid holder configured to hold a liquid, a film having a discharge hole, two or more vibration generators configured to vibrate the film, and a driver configured to apply a driving signal to the vibration generators. One or more of the vibration generators are disposed in each region on the film where a polarity of bending moment differs.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid set for a droplet discharging apparatus, the liquid set including: Liquid A containing a multi-branched polymer A, the polymer containing, as a backbone, a polyethylene glycol containing at least three branches, the branches containing one or more electrophilic functional groups in at least one of a side chain(s) and an end(s); and Liquid B containing a multi-branched polymer B, the polymer containing, as a backbone, a polyethylene glycol containing at least three branches, the branches containing one or more nucleophilic functional groups in at least one of a side chain(s) and an end(s); the Liquid A and the Liquid B each having a pH of from 5 to 10, and containing the multi-branched polymer at a concentration of from 0.3% by mass to 20% by mass.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid discharging head including: a membranous member including a discharging port through which a liquid is discharged; and a displacement member disposed at membranous member's one side at which the liquid to be discharged through the discharging port is provided and configured to displace a position of the membranous member to cause the liquid to be discharged through the discharging port.

Abstract: A droplet forming device is provided. The droplet forming device includes a liquid holder configured to hold a liquid, a film having a discharge hole, two or more vibration generators configured to vibrate the film, and a driver configured to apply a driving signal to the vibration generators. One or more of the vibration generators are disposed in each region on the film where a polarity of bending moment differs.

Abstract: An electrochromic element includes first and second display electrodes arranged at intervals and opposed to each other, at least one of the first and second display electrodes being transparent; an electrolyte provided between the first and second display electrodes; a first electrochromic layer including at least one of an oxidized electrochromic compound and an oxidized electrochromic composition, and contacting the first display electrode and the electrolyte; a second electrochromic layer including at least one of a reduced electrochromic compound and a reduced electrochromic composition, and contacting the second display electrode and the electrolyte; third and fourth auxiliary electrodes contacting the electrolyte; a reduction layer provided on the third auxiliary electrode and including a reductant of a first material; and an oxidation layer provided on the fourth auxiliary electrode and including an oxidant of a second material. The first and second materials can be oxidized and reduced reversibly.

Abstract: Provided is a cell contained container including at least two concaves, wherein the concaves contain cells, wherein a number of kinds of the cells is at least two with respect to the cell contained container, and wherein a shortest distance between centers of most closely adjacent two concaves of the at least two concaves is 9.0 mm or less. In a preferable mode, the concaves contain a liquid, and a total liquid amount of the liquid with respect to the concaves is 10.0 microliters or less. In a more preferable mode, a filling accuracy in terms of a number in which the cells are contained in the concaves is 30% or lower.

Abstract: An electrochromic apparatus includes a first substrate, a first electrode layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, a second substrate, a second electrode layer, a first extraction electrode layer, a second extraction electrode layer, and a partition wall. The first extraction electrode layer contacts the first electrode layer and is isolated from the second electrode layer and the electrochromic layer. The second extraction electrode layer contacts the second electrode layer and is isolated from the first electrode layer and the electrolyte layer. The partition wall is electrically insulative and sandwiched between the first extraction electrode layer and the electrolyte layer and between the second extraction electrode layer and the electrolyte layer.