Abstract: An optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus for recording and reproducing data in and from an optical disc by the use of the optical disc as a recording medium, comprises analog processing means including a binarization unit for subjecting a signal read from the optical disc to binarization and a servo unit for controlling recording and reproducing a signal in and from the optical disc; synchronous clock generating means for generating a synchronous clock signal which is synchronized with the signal read from the optical disc; address detecting means for detecting address information indicating a physical position on the optical disc based on the signal read from the optical disc, and outputting a signal indicating the address information and a signal indicating that the address has been detected when the address information has been detected; a sector counter for holding a sector count value of a sector as a recording unit on the optical disc, and updating the sector count value according to the sync

Abstract: An optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus for recording and reproducing data in and from an optical disc by the use of the optical disc as a recording medium, comprises analog processing means including a binarization unit for subjecting a signal read from the optical disc to binarization and a servo unit for controlling recording and reproducing a signal in and from the optical disc; synchronous clock generating means for generating a synchronous clock signal which is synchronized with the signal read from the optical disc; address detecting means for detecting address information indicating a physical position on the optical disc based on the signal read from the optical disc, and outputting a signal indicating the address information and a signal indicating that the address has been detected when the address information has been detected; a sector counter for holding a sector count value of a sector as a recording unit on the optical disc, and updating the sector count value according to the sync

Abstract: An optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus for recording and reproducing data in and from an optical disc by the use of the optical disc as a recording medium, comprises analog processing means including a binarization unit for subjecting a signal read from the optical disc to binarization and a servo unit for controlling recording and reproducing a signal in and from the optical disc; synchronous clock generating means for generating a synchronous clock signal which is synchronized with the signal read from the optical disc; address detecting means for detecting address information indicating a physical position on the optical disc based on the signal read from the optical disc, and outputting a signal indicating the address information and a signal indicating that the address has been detected when the address information has been detected; a sector counter for holding a sector count value of a sector as a recording unit on the optical disc, and updating the sector count value according to the sync

Abstract: Summary

Abstract: A novel method of immunization, which can be used either prophylactically or therapeutically, is described. The method comprises coating of antigen presenting cells with a peptide and administering the peptide-coated cells to a mammalian subject to provoke an immune response. Useful peptides include peptides derived from viral or bacterial antigens or mutant oncogene or tumor suppressor gene products. Immunogens, constituted by the peptide-coated cells, are also described.

Abstract: A novel method of immunization, which can be used either prophylactically or therapeutically, is described. The method comprises coating of antigen presenting cells with a peptide and administering the peptide-coated cells to a mammalian subject to provoke an immune response. Useful peptides include peptides derived from viral or bacterial antigens or mutant oncogene or tumor suppressor gene products. Immunogens, constituted by the peptide-coated cells, are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polypeptide which is a constituent of a killer T cell receptor and is capable of injuring human immunodeficiency virus-infected cells; a DNA encoding this polypeptide; a recombinant vector comprising this DNA and a vector; a transformant obtained by transferring this recombinant vector into a host cell; a process for producing the above polypeptide characterized by culturing the above transformant in a medium, thus forming and accumulating the polypeptide in the culture and then recovering the polypeptide from the culture; an antibody reacting specifically with the above polypeptide; human-mouse type killer T cell receptor &agr;chain and &bgr;chain in each of which the variable region site of the above polypeptide is sustained while the constant region site thereof has been replaced by that of the human type; transgenic animals having the above polypeptide expressed therein; and anti-HIV agents containing the above polypeptide.

Abstract: An optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus for recording and reproducing data in and from an optical disc by the use of the optical disc as a recording medium, comprises analog processing means including a binarization unit for subjecting a signal read from the optical disc to binarization and a servo unit for controlling recording and reproducing a signal in and from the optical disc; synchronous clock generating means for generating a synchronous clock signal which is synchronized with the signal read from the optical disc; address detecting means for detecting address information indicating a physical position on the optical disc based on the signal read from the optical disc, and outputting a signal indicating the address information and a signal indicating that the address has been detected when the address information has been detected; a sector counter for holding a sector count value of a sector as a recording unit on the optical disc, and updating the sector count value according to the sync

Abstract: An optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus for recording and reproducing data in and from an optical disc by the use of the optical disc as a recording medium, comprises analog processing means including a binarization unit for subjecting a signal read from the optical disc to binarization and a servo unit for controlling recording and reproducing a signal in and from the optical disc; synchronous clock generating means for generating a synchronous clock signal which is synchronized with the signal read from the optical disc; address detecting means for detecting address information indicating a physical position on the optical disc based on the signal read from the optical disc, and outputting a signal indicating the address information and a signal indicating that the address has been detected when the address information has been detected; a sector counter for holding a sector count value of a sector as a recording unit on the optical disc, and updating the sector count value according to the sync

Abstract: An optical disk apparatus of the present invention includes: a light amount detection section for irradiating an information carrier with a light beam so as to detect information recorded in a data section of the information carrier, wherein the information carrier includes the data section and an address section associated with the data section, the data section is an information track formed by a land or a groove where information can be recorded or reproduced, and the address section contains address information corresponding to the information track which is recorded in the address section by one or more concave or convex pit offset by a predetermined distance from a center of the information track; an address polarity determination section for determining whether the address section over which the light beam has passed is either on an outer periphery side or on an inner periphery side with respect to the center of the information track being scanned by the light beam, based on a signal output from the li

Abstract: A leak tester is used to perform a leak test on a work such as a wheel by detecting trace gas being leaked from the work. Herein, the work is installed in a chamber and is tightly held between seals. A leak tester seal is constructed using a work seal base, on which a number of channels are formed like circular rings, which are sequentially arranged with equal intervals. For example, an interval of distance between centers of adjoining channels is set at 1.27 cm to cope with different kinds of tire wheels, diameters of which are determined in accordance with the prescribed standard. Incidentally, each channel has a rectangular shape in section. In addition, a number of sealing members, made of elastic material, are formed like circular rings, which are fitted into the channels respectively. At installation of the work into the chamber of the leak tester, a rim of the wheel is pressed against the sealing member buried in the channel of the work seal base.

Abstract: The instant invention describes the synthesis of short peptides, corresponding to the amino acid residues of the V3 loop of the gpl6O envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1 numbered 315 to 329 by Ratner (Ratner, L. et al., Nature 313, 277 (1985)) in the strain IIIB, wherein the residue corresponding to number 325 in HIV-1 IIIB is substituted by the homologous residue from another clinical isolate or strain. The invention further describes the use of said peptides in pharmaceutical compositions and an immunization protocol which elicits cytotoxic T cells reactive to a broad range of isolates of HIV-1.

Abstract: The instant invention describes the synthesis of short peptides, corresponding to the amino acid residues of the V3 loop of the gp160 envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1 numbered 315 to 329 by Ratner (Ratner, L. et al., Nature 313, 277 (1985)) in the strain IIIB, wherein the residue corresponding to number 325 in HIV-1 IIIB is substituted by the homologous residue from another clinical isolate or strain. The invention further describes the use of said peptides in pharmaceutical compositions and an immunization protocol which elicits cytotoxic T cells reactive to a broad range of isolates of HIV-1.

Abstract: An inspection apparatus for inspecting a wiring pattern on a printed board by illuminating the printed board with light to photoelectrically convert light reflected from the printed board into an optical grey level image corresponding to the wiring pattern thereon, the grey level image being converted into a bi-level image. The inspection apparatus includes a thinning circuit to perform a thinning process for removing the bi-level image by one picture element from the background side of the wiring pattern, the thinning process being repeatedly performed predetermined times with respect to all of picture elements of the wiring pattern to output the number of repetitions of the thinning process and further to output a skeleton image. Also included is a distance image converter to output a distance conversion image where the number of repetitions is given as a distance value from the background of the wiring pattern.

Abstract: A pattern inspection system for inspecting a pattern of a land for a through-hole formed in a printed board. In the system there are included a first illumination device for optically illuminating the printed board, a second illumination device for illuminating the printed board with light modulated at a predetermined period and an image pickup responsive to reflection light and transmission light from the printed board due to the first and second illumination devices to photoelectrically convert the printed board into a gray level image. The gray level image is converted into a bi-level image by a bi-level conversion device and then converted into an edge image by an edge detecting device. The edge image is expanded and contracted by predetermined amounts so as to obtain a through-hole image corresponding to the through-hole. A defect detecting device detects a defect of the pattern of the printed board on the basis of the through-hole image and the bi-level image from the bi-level conversion device.

Abstract: A thermally insulating casing accommodates an infrared ray sensing element. The casing has a window which conducts infrared ray to the sensing element. The window is covered with heat absorption gas. An infrared ray emitting element may be accommodated within the casing. The casing may have a second window which passes infrared ray generated by the emitting element. The second window may be covered with the heat absorption gas.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for measuring a distance to an object includes directing first and second laser beams having frequencies .omega..sub.11 and .omega..sub.12 toward the object. A first reference signal is derived having a beat frequency .omega..sub.1 =.omega..sub.11 -.omega..sub.12. A first reflected light beam reflected from the object is detected and has the beat frequency .omega..sub.1 and a first phase difference with respect to the first reference signal. The first phase difference is then extracted from the first reference signal and the first reflected light beam and a first plurality of distance nodes is calculated from the first phase difference. Then, the frequency of the second laser beam is changed to .omega..sub.13. A second reference signal having a beat frequency of .omega..sub.2 =.omega..sub.11 -.omega..sub.13 is then derived. A second reflected light beam reflected from the target is detected and has the beat frequency of .omega..sub.

Abstract: In a laser resonator having a gas-introducing portion at one end of a laser tube, where the gas introducing portion comprises an inner tube communicating with the laser tube and an outer tube covering the inner tube. The inner tube has a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart flow passages so that a gas mixture fed from a gas source to an annular chamber defined between the inner surface of the outer tube and the outer surface of the inner tube, is led into the inside of the inner tube via the flow passages. As a result, turbulence occurs within the inner tube so that radial distribution of gas flow speed in the laser tube is made uniform, thereby increasing the maximum output and stability. The flow passages may be slits, oval or circular openings, triangular openings or the like.

Abstract: A coaxial-type carbon dioxide gas laser includes an oscillator comprising a gas inlet for introducing gas into a discharge tube through a gas supply chamber having a hollow cylindrical body which serves to disturb the gas flow and orientate the gas toward the discharge tube via a space defined between the discharge tube and the hollow cylindrical body. The gas which has been subjected to an electrical discharge is drawn out of the discharge tube through a chamber and a gas outlet connected therewith. A pair of anode and cathode electrodes are disposed adjacent to the ends of the discharge tube. One of the electrodes is mounted on the gas supply chamber and is annular in shape. The gas supply chamber and the hollow cylindrical body jointly define a gap for passage therethrough of the gas fed from the gas inlet toward the discharge tube via the space. The space is large in cross section than the gap.