Abstract: This diesel particulate filter apparatus comprises a main filter, a sub-filter provided in a central portion of the main filter, and a bypass cylinder interposed between the main filter and sub-filter. A filter body constituting the main filter is made of long ceramic fiber, and the surface of the filter body is covered with a metal net, which is then fixed thereto. A heat resisting metal coil is provided on the surface of the filter body which is at the exhaust gas introducing side, and a ceramic fiber twisting is wound around and fixed to the filter body. A bypass valve adapted to be opened and closed by an actuator is provided on an exhaust gas introducing side of the sub-filter, and an admission port of the sub-filter is opened and closed by the bypass valve.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a filter body for collecting particulates is constituted of a fiber laminate material produced by laminating a fiber material comprising a core material in the form of a fiber, and a covering layer of a material different from that of the core material formed around the outer periphery of the core material by coating. The core material of the fiber material is selected from among inorganic fibers such as glass or ceramic fibers containing alumina, and heat-resistant alloy fibers each made of a heat-resistant alloy selected from among Ti-Al alloys, Fe alloys containing at least one of Mo, Cr and Ni, and Fe-Cr-Al-Y alloys. The covering layer is made of a material selected from among silicon carbide ceramics respectively derived from polytitanocarbosilane, polysilazane and polycarbosilane, thermoplastic materials, silicon carbide ceramics such as Si-C, Si-Ti-C-O and Si-C-O or silicon nitride ceramics such as Si-N-C-O, alumina ceramics, and zirconia ceramics.

Abstract: A diesel particulate filter apparatus comprises filter structures bent in a wavy profile, formed in a tubular form, and comprising ceramic fiber laminate materials formed by randomly laminating a ceramic fiber and wire nets laminated on the ceramic fiber laminate materials. First rigid members and second rigid members are fitted in and on both end portions of the filter structures. Tubular clamping members for clamping the filter structures in the thickness-wise direction thereof are provided on the outer sides of the second rigid members. Woven fabrics may be interposed between nonwoven fabrics of the ceramic fiber and the wire nets constituting the filter structures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high compression ratio internal-combustion engine including a control valve which opens and closes a connection hole, between a pre-chamber and a main chamber, which pre-burns fuel and main chamber. The engine controls the fuel injection and the opening and closing of the control valve according to the rotation of the crank shaft and engine load. The connection hole is opened during the exhaust step or at the last period of compression stroke near top dead center and compressed hot air is forced into t he pre-chamber. The fuel is then mixed and burned by the hot air, but the fuel air mixture in the pre-chamber is so rich that the generation of NOX is controlled. Afterwards, the non-burned fuel and flame generated in pre-chamber is ejected to the main chamber, and fuel and hot air in the main chamber react. The engine of the present invention allows smooth engine operation even at a high compression ratio.

Abstract: There is disclosed a diesel particulate filter for collecting and burning particulates and exhaust gases of a diesel engine and a controlled device therefor. The diesel particulate filter includes a wire net of electric resistance metal fastened to a main filter to burn the particulates collected by the main filter in the exhaust gases of the diesel engine. There is included a bypass pipe which constitutes a sub-filter and which is disposed within a filter case. The bypass pipe is provided with an open-close valve in the vicinity of an inlet thereof. A cylindrical main filter made by laminating long fibers of ceramics is disposed between the bypass pipe and the filter case. The wire net of electric resistance metal for heating the main filter is fastened on one surface of the main filter for receiving the exhaust. A reinforcing net-like plate of a heat resistant metal is fastened on the other surface of the main filter for releasing the exhaust.

Abstract: The combustion chamber of an engine is formed in a double insulation structure where partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) material having a low thermal conductivity is disposed between two walls for thermal installation. The double insulation structure has a head liner made of a silicon nitride material and an outer tubing which are separated by a space. A plurality of gaskets, i.e. the PSZ materials, are arranged in the space, with each having a PSZ thermal insulator 31 sandwiched between two contact claddings made of stainless steel or copper. The escape of heat from the head liner is minimized by the PSZ material, having a lower thermal conductivity, thereby increasing a thermal insulation quality of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: This heat insulating structure for swirl chambers enables the heat insulating capability of hot plugs, which form swirl chambers, to be improved by setting an area of contact surfaces of the hot plugs and walls surrounding the same to a proper level. A cylinder head is fixed on a cylinder block with a gasket interposed therebetween, and hot plugs constituting swirl chambers are provided in cavities in the cylinder head, whereby heat insulating air layers are formed between the hot plugs and the cavities. The hot plugs are formed out of a heat resisting ceramic material, and the sum of an area of contact portions of the outer surfaces of the hot plugs and the corresponding portions of the cavities and that of contact portions of the outer surfaces of the hot plugs and the corresponding portions of an upper surface of said cylinder block is set to not more than 1/5 of a total area of the outer surfaces of the hot plugs.

Abstract: In this engine with precombustion chambers, precombustion chambers are formed in pistons, and an air utilization rate in main combustion chambers formed in cylinders is improved, whereby the mixing of air with flames is promoted with a combustion period reduced. In this engine, main communication ports communicating the main combustion chambers and precombustion chambers with each other are formed in the substantially central portions of piston heads, while auxiliary communication ports are formed around the main communication ports so as to extend incliningly toward the circumferences of the cylinders. The fuel injection nozzles provided in a cylinder head are projected into the main communication ports in positions in the vicinity of the top dead centers of the pistons to close the same, and fuel is injected from multi-bored injection ports of the fuel injection nozzles into the precombustion chambers.

Abstract: In this combustion chamber structure for diesel engines, precombustion chamber bodies in which precombustion chambers are formed are installed via heat insulating layers in cavities formed in pistons, so as to improve the heat insulating capability of the precombustion chambers and the combustion rates in the precombustion chambers and primary chambers, minimize the generation of HC and NOx increase the thermal efficiently. The precombustion chamber bodies comprise upper chambers, lower chambers and gaskets of a low heat conductivity provided between the upper and lower chambers. The upper chambers are provided in the walls thereof with central insert bores into which fuel injection nozzles are thrusted in positions in the vicinity of the upper dead centers of the pistons, and communication ports, which allows the primary chambers and precombustion chambers to communicate with each other, around the central insert bores.

Abstract: This combustion engine has a pre-chamber and main chamber connected by a connection passage opened and shut by a control valve, the control valve operates separately for two steps. The operation of this control valve uniformly mixes the air of the pre-chamber and the main chamber. Therefore, various fuels which contain the gas fuel are efficiently burnt.

Abstract: The present invention integrates the combustors and the air intake/exhaust passages in a thermally insulating engine into an assembly to simplify the structure and to space the parts thereof. The space between the subcombustion chamber and the main combustion chamber is reduced by the base installed above the piston head. In addition, a plurality of connection holes are arranged in an oblique radial pattern drilled in the piston head projection creating a vortex within the subcombustion chamber. In the combustion process, the flame expands within the main combustion chamber and mixes with air for combustion. The subcombustion chamber is installed in the center of the cylinder and surrounded by the air intake passage and the exhaust passage. The single-unit structure is made by using a ceramic material for an outer peripheral wall. Additionally, a plurality of the air intakes and exhaust outlets are provided on the piston projection so that respective channels have a wide opening.

Abstract: An electric generator system for a gas turbine converts the mechanical output power of the shaft of a gas turbine into electric energy with a plurality of electric generators (4, 5) mounted coaxially on the turbine shaft. When the electric energy is supplied to a motor vehicle drive unit (7), the electric output power of only one of the generators is converted and supplied to the drive unit (7) if both load on the motor vehicle is small, or the electric output powers of the generators are converted and supplied to the drive unit (7) if the load is large. Therefore, the effective efficiency of the generators (4, 5) is maintained at a high level.

Abstract: A system for driving a turbocharger installed in an internal combustion engine and combined with a rotary electric machine which is mounted on a rotatable shaft of the turbocharger, includes a generator drivable by an output power of the engine. When the rotary electric machine is driven by an electric motor depending on an operating condition of the engine, electric power generated by the generator is supplied to the rotary electric machine.

Abstract: An apparatus for driving valve by electromagnetic force, for an engine capable of being installed in a narrower space due to the interfering object or narrow arrangement pitch of a supply/exhaust valve, comprises: a fixed magnetic pole which is wound with the primary coils and which is opposingly disposed embracing the secondary coils in the perpendicular direction to the reciprocating direction of the secondary coils; an air gap adjacent with a tip end of the fixed magnetic pole and provided in the middle of a magnetic flux path generated from the primary coil; a movable element adapted to be made of magnetic substance, to move freely reciprocating in the air gap, to form part of the magnetic flux path, and to contain the secondary coils.

Abstract: An engine has a flywheel which has a high peripheral speed even when the engine rotates at a low speed. The flywheel has a plurality of permanent magnets mounted on an outer circumference thereof and having alternately different magnetic poles. A stator is disposed in confronting relation to radially outer ends of the permanent magnets. Electric energy induced by the stator upon rotation of the flywheel is supplied to a rotary electric machine combined with a turbocharger to assist the turbocharger in supplying air under pressure to the engine when the engine rotates at low speed.

Abstract: This invention provides a pre-combustion chamber gas engine capable of being applied to a two-stroke gas engine using a natural gas as fuel. A gas fuel is supplied to precombustion chambers with communication ports, which allows communication between primary chambers and pre-combustion chambers, closed with control valves provided therein, and suction air is supplied to cylinders and compressed under a high pressure. Even when the suction air is compressed under a high pressure in the primary chambers, the self-ignition of gas fuel does not occur therein since a gas fuel does not exist therein, so that knocking does not occur. Each of the control valves provided in the communication ports is constructed so that a lift amount thereof can be varied by a controller.

Abstract: An engine has a flywheel which has a high peripheral speed even when the engine rotates at a low speed. The flywheel has a plurality of permanent magnets mounted on an outer circumference thereof and having alternately different magnetic poles. A stator is disposed in confronting relation to radially outer ends of the permanent magnets. Electric energy induced by the stator upon rotation of the flywheel is supplied to a rotary electric machine combined with a turbocharger to assist the turbocharger in supplying air under pressure to the engine when the engine rotates at low speed.

Abstract: The present invention lies in a 2-4 cycle change-over engine and its control unit which perform 2 cycle running of the uniflow type by closing a suction valve at an upper portion of the engine and working a valve (a rotational sleeve) at a lower portion of a cylinder when the engine rotates in a lower number of revolution than a predetermined number of revolution and a load is larger than a predetermined value, and perform change-over into 4-cycle running by always closing a scavenging port at a lower portion of the cylinder by means of the valve (the rotational sleeve) at the lower portion of the cylinder and working the suction valve at the upper portion of the cylinder when a higher revolution than a predetermined number of revolution is given and an engine load is lighter than a predetermined load.

Abstract: This invention relates to a heat-insulating engine with swirl chambers which reduces a throttle loss due to the communication ports and increases the speed of a vortex flow within swirl chambers. The heat-insulating engine with swirl chambers comprises small communication ports each with a small passage area and large communication ports each with a large passage area formed at the lower portions of the swirl chamber blocks constituting heat-insulating swirl chambers, and control valves provided to large communication ports. During the compression stroke, the control valves close the large communication ports, and open the same ports during the expansion stroke after fuel injection and on rise in pressure in the swirl chambers. Accordingly, during the compression stroke, air is sent into the swirl chambers at high speed via small communication ports to increase a vortex flow speed within the swirl chambers.

Abstract: A thermally insulated engine (1) includes a combustion chamber which has principal portions made of a thermally insulating material and a turbocharger (2) which has a compressor coupled to a turbine (21) for supercharging the engine (1). The thermally insulated engine comprises an electric motor (3) mounted on a rotatable shaft (22) of the turbine, a detecting unit (13, 14) for detecting an operating condition of the engine, an oxygenating mechanism (6) having an oxygenating film, a compressor mounted on the rotatable shaft (22) of the turbine for delivering oxygenated air from the oxygenating mechanism (6) to the engine, and a control unit (5) for controlling the electric motor to assist in operating the compressor and controlling the amount of oxygenated air depending on the operating condition of the engine as detected by the detecting unit. When the engine is accelerated, for example, the concentration of oxygen in the intake air is increased for suppressing NOx and soot in exhaust gases.