Abstract: A complex band-pass ?? AD modulator is provided with a subtracter device, a complex band-pass filter, first and second AD converters, and first and second DA converters. The first and second DA converters and first and second logic circuits are sandwiched by first and second multiplexers. At a first timing of a clock signal, the first multiplexer inputs and outputs the first and second digital signals as they are, and at a second timing thereof, the first multiplexer inputs the first and second digital signals, and outputs the first digital signal as a second digital signal and outputs the second digital signal as a first digital signal. The second multiplexer inputs and outputs first and second analog signals similarly. The first and second logic circuits substantially noise-shapes non-linearities of the first and second DA converters by realizing complex digital and analog filters, using high-pass and low-pass element rotation methods.

Abstract: A complex band-pass ?? AD modulator is provided with a subtracter device, a complex band-pass filter, first and second AD converters, and first and second DA converters. The first and second DA converters and first and second logic circuits are sandwiched by first and second multiplexers. At a first timing of a clock signal, the first multiplexer inputs and outputs the first and second digital signals as they are, and at a second timing thereof, the first multiplexer inputs the first and second digital signals, and outputs the first digital signal as a second digital signal and outputs the second digital signal as a first digital signal. The second multiplexer inputs and outputs first and second analog signals similarly. The first and second logic circuits substantially noise-shapes non-linearities of the first and second DA converters by realizing complex digital and analog filters, using high-pass and low-pass element rotation methods.

Abstract: A charging pressure control apparatus including a first duty control solenoid valve for controlling the opening degree of an exhaust bypass valve to thereby control a charging pressure during "one-turbocharger-operation", and a second duty control solenoid valve for controlling the opening degree of a waste gate valve to thereby control a charging pressure during "two-turbocharger-operation". The operating conditions at high altitudes of the first duty control solenoid valve and the second duty control solenoid valve are made different from those at low altitudes so that the power characteristic of the turbocharged engine is as good at high altitudes as at low altitudes.

Abstract: The control apparatus is intended for use in controlling a variable-effective-length air intake system of the type which has two volumetric chambers connected, respectively, to two groups of engine cylinders and which incorporates a flow control valve for controlling the communication between the two volumetric chambers to vary the effective length of the intake system in response to the rotational speed and load of an internal combustion engine. The control apparatus comprises a control means that detects the rate of acceleration of the engine and selectively causes the flow control valve to be controlled according to the throttle valve aperture during an accelerating condition of the engine and according to the amount of intake air per one revolution of the engine during steady load condition. Such a selective control improves the responsiveness of the control apparatus during acceleration while ensuring accurate control during a steady load condition.

Abstract: The specification discloses a removable denture retaining structure in which an elastic mounting member is provided between a denture body and a support base. This structure can obviate all problems of the prior art, i.e. many parts are required, skilled technique is also required to produce, mount and dismount the denture body, and looseness and breakage due to fatigue are apt to occur. Furthermore, the invention is advantageous because the structure can provide patients with comfortable feeling during use.

Abstract: An air intake system for internal combustion engine comprises a surge tank the inside of which is divided by a partition wall into two elongated parallel volumetric chambers. The surge tank has a portion extending beyond the branch tube that is located most remote from an air inlet in the tank. The partition wall of the surge tank extension is provided with an aperture for communicating the volumetric chambers with each other. The aperture is opened and closed by a butterfly valve operated by an actuator in response to engine operating conditions, to match the effective length of the intake system with an engine speed. In a preferred embodiment, the surge tank extension provided with the butterfly valve and the actuator forms a valve assembly which is separate from the remainder of the surge tank.

Abstract: The specification discloses a removable denture retaining structure in which an elastic mounting member is provided between a denture body and an support base.This structure can obviate all problems of the prior art, i.e. many parts are required, skilled technique is also required to produce, mount and dismount the denture body, and looseness and breakage due to fatigue are apt to occur.Furthermore, the invention is advantageous because the structure can provide patients with comfortable feeling during use.

Abstract: A knock control device of an internal combustion engine incorporated with a device for controlling the spark timing and the fuel injection.The device for controlling the spark timing and the fuel injection comprises an electronic control unit. A knock sensor is mounted on the cylinder block for sensing knocking. When the output of the knock sensor is above a first predetermined level, retardation of spark timing is caused. When the output of the knock sensor is above a second level above the first level, retardation of spark timing is caused and the amount of fuel to be injected is increased.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a denture having a porous metal gauze as a denture plate formed of plural wire nets with a straight wire used as warps and wefts. The nets are laid one over another in layers in the manner that the meshes thereof are staggered each other with respect to the direction of thickness and the crossing portions of the warps and wefts in the same plane and the crossing portions of the warps and wefts in contact with each other in the direction of thickness are sintered to have a plurality of minute and complicatedly curved pores in the porous metal gauze. The denture permits penetration of saliva and food liquid through the thickness of the denture plate to supply oxygen and nutrient to the mucous membrane under the plate to thereby maintain physiological function and health of the membrane and to provide a sense of wearing the denture and a sense of bite occlusion in such a natural state as would hardly be brought about by a conventional denture.