Abstract: According to the present invention, in a treatment apparatus, catalyst is used in order to dissolve molecular gas containing hydrogen atoms or oxygen atoms, and an object is treated by gas produced by the catalyst. The treatment apparatus comprises a catalyst irradiation unit, wherein the catalyst is irradiated, by the catalyst irradiation unit, with light having a wave number larger than work function of the catalyst expressed in wave number.

Abstract: A lamp, particularly a discharge lamp, in which an bulb portion of the lamp vessel can be formed with high dimensional accuracy and an advantageous light radiation characteristic and long service life obtained is achieved by the lamp vessel having and its bulb portion and scaling tube portions which are formed from a compacted body of sintered silica glass, and by sealing components, which are hermetically connected to the sealing tube portions and to which an emission part in the bulb is joined, having a first end which is made of silicon dioxide and a second end that is made of a functional gradient material which contains an electrically conductive inorganic material component as the main constituent.

Abstract: To prevent corrosion of the sites where upholding parts of electrodes are attached and to easily effect exact positioning of the electrodes, in a discharge lamp in which the sealing tubes of a discharge vessel are sealed with sealing bodies of material with a gradient function which is formed from a dielectric powder of the same material as material of the discharge vessel and from a conductive powder, the upholding parts of the electrodes extend through axial openings which are formed in the sealing bodies and are attached and hermetically sealed on the outer faces of the sealing bodies by means of a solder or the like.

Abstract: A high pressure mercury ultraviolet lamp with high dimensional accuracy in which the emitter material during lamp operation is prevented from spraying and being deposited on the wall of the discharge vessel and the UV radiation transmission factor is prevented from being reduced is achieved by the fact that at least one of a group of halides which consists of halides of yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, dysprosium, gadolinium and thorium and at least one of a group of halides which consists of halides of alkali metal elements are filled at a filling ratio in the range from 1:4 to 1:20 to one another as a molar fraction. This also yields the same action as the application of emitter material to the upholding parts of the electrodes. Furthermore, high dimensional accuracy can be ensured by the measure by which the discharge vessel is made of a translucent ceramic, such as YAG.

Abstract: A light source device in which the radiated light from the dielectric barrier discharge lamp can always be stabilized even if the discharge vessel of the dielectric barrier discharge lamp is large or the load on the tube wall within the discharge vessel is small. This is achieved according to the invention by the provision of a light source device having a discharge lamp which has a generally cylindrical, coaxial double-tube arrangement of an outer tube and an inner tube, in which there is an outer electrode on the outer tube, in which there is an inner electrode on the inner tube, and in which a discharge space between the inner and outer tubes is filled with a discharge gas for formation of excimer molecules by a dielectric barrier discharge, and of a power source for operating this discharge lamp in accordance with the relationship: Vs/Vp.ltoreq.0.5 where Vs is the starting voltage and Vp is the voltage applied to the discharge lamp during steady-state luminous operation.

Abstract: To maintain the relative positional relationship between an inner tube and an inner electrode of a dielectric barrier discharge tube having a roughly cylindrical, double tube arrangement of an outer tube coaxially arranged about an inner tube with a discharge space defined therebetween, an outer electrode on an outer surface of the outer tube, an inner electrode on an inner surface of the inner tube, and a discharge gas which forms excimer molecules by a dielectric barrier discharge filling said discharge space, despite repeated expansion and contraction of the inner electrode due to the dielectric barrier discharge lamp being repeatedly turned on and off, according to the invention, the inner electrode is formed of a substantially tubular metal component or the like, and a motion preventing component is provided at opposite ends of the inner electrode for maintaining an axial position of the inner electrode relative to the inner tube.

Abstract: A cadmium discharge lamp which can emit line spectra with wavelengths of 214.+-.2 nm with high power is achieved by encapsulating metallic cadmium, in an amount producing a pressure in stationary lighting operation in the range from 2 kPa to 13.7 kPa, together with at least one of the rare gases xenon, krypton, argon and neon, in a temperature-controlled arc tube which is provided with electrodes located adjacently opposite one another, and by operating the lamp such that J/P is in the range from 1.4 to 75, where J is the discharge current in stationary lighting operation in amperes and the P is the cadmium pressure in stationary lighting operation.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp having a generally cylindrical double-tube arrangement of an outer tube coaxially disposed about an inner tube, with an outer electrode disposed on an outside surface of the outer tube, an inner electrode disposed on an inside surface of the inner tube, and a discharge space provided between the outer tube and the inner tube which is filled with a discharge gas for formation of excimer molecules by dielectric barrier discharge achieves firm engagement of the inner electrode against the inner tube and a stable discharge over a long time even if part of the electrode corrodes due to the ozone produced or it wears. This is achieved by embodiments in which the inner electrode is a generally tubular part which is slit in an axial direction along the full length thereof. The tubular part can be a single cylindrically sheet having opposite longitudinally extending edges spaced from each other by a gap or overlapped.

Abstract: An emission device which operates a cadmium lamp with a light intensity sufficient for used in industrial applications is achieved by an emission device having a cadmium lamp with a fluorescent tube within which a cathode and an anode are space a small distance apart and a buffer gas for easier initiation of luminous operation and metallic cadmium in an amount per unit volume of the fluorescent tube of 1.times.10.sup.-4 g/cm.sup.3 to 3.times.10.sup.-3 g/cm.sup.3 are encapsulated, and a power source device for supplying an electrical input between the cathode and the anode in an electrical input range from 0.5 kW to 5.0 kW with the condition:6.03+2.79 W.ltoreq.r.ltoreq.40being satisfied, where the electrical input of the power source device into the cadmium lamp in steady-state luminous operation is W (kW) and the maximum inside radius of the fluorescent tube is r (mm).

Abstract: In a dielectric barrier discharge lamp, in which a discharge vessel, in which a discharge gas forming "excimer" molecules is encapsulated, is provided with a dielectric provided with a netlike electrode and a window, through which the light goes, the first object of the invention is achieved by an arrangement in which a thickness of ends of the above-described netlike electrodes is greater than the average thickness of the entire electrode. Another object of the invention is achieved by an arrangement in which a holder incorporated in the discharge vessel has an outer dimension that is less than/equal to an outer dimension of the netlike electrodes. A further object of the invention is achieved by an arrangement by which the discharge vessel has a hollow cylindrical shape formed from an external tube and an internal tube and a means for hermetic sealing is arranged inside the internal tube.

Abstract: A cadmium rare gas discharge lamp of the short arc type that has a high power of the spectra in a wavelength range of 210 nm to 230 nm and a stable lamp voltage in lighting operation for a long period. An arc tube 1 is provided within which are disposed opposed, spaced apart electrodes 2, 3 and thermal insulation films 6, 7. A rare gas is encapsulated together with metal cadmium and a quartz glass is used for the material of the arc tube whose OH radical has a weight content of no more than 200 ppm. Electrodes 4 and 5 are spaced apart no more than 10 mm, so that with a lamp current at least 20 amperes, an arc of the electrode-stable type is formed and radiant light of Cd ions obtained. For the encapsulated rare gas, in one embodiment at least one of the rare gases neon, argon or krypton, are used and are encapsulated at a gas pressure of 35 kPa to 2.5 MPa at a standard temperature of 25.degree. C. The arc tube 1 is formed of quartz glass, electrodes 2 and 3 are placed opposite one another.

Abstract: An oxidation process for an article to be treated in which, by generating ozone with a high concentration, a high treatment rate is achieved. In particular, an oxygen-containing fluid is irradiated with a vacuum ultraviolet rays emitted from a dielectric barrier discharge lamp in which xenon gas is encapsulated, producing a photochemical reaction from which ozone and an activated oxygen result. By causing this ozone and activated oxygen to contact the surface of the article to be treated, the surface of the article is oxidized. An even higher treatment rate can be achieved by generating the activated oxygen with the simultaneous use of a far ultraviolet ray source, thereby increasing the activity of the activated oxygen. Advantageously, the oxidation of the article to be treated with the vacuum ultraviolet rays and far ultraviolet rays is performed in accordance with the relationship:(p.times.d)/(1+I.sup.1/2)=0.33where I is a radiation density (mW/cm.sup.

Abstract: A discharge lamp uses resonance lines which are emitted by ions in an excitation state and has a high short wave ultraviolet ray output. The lamp is provided with a pair of electrodes, having a reciprocal spacing of equal to or smaller than 12 mm, and is of the electrode-stable type. As the major emission material, cadmium is encapsulated in a quantity permitting a partial pressure P in operation of 3.times.10.sup.3 Pa to 1.3.times.10.sup.5 Pa. The lighting operation is performed in a state in which a lamp current J.sub.L fulfills the following condition (a):0.7<J.sub.L /P.sup.1/4 <15.0. Condition (a)As an alternate major emission material, zinc can be encapsulated in a quantity permitting a partial pressure P in operation of 1.times.10.sup.3 Pa to 0.3.times.10.sup.5 Pa ant the lighting operation is performed in a state in which a lamp current J.sub.L fulfills the following condition (b):0.7<J.sub.L /P.sup.1/4 <16.9.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp has a discharge vessel having a discharge chamber filled with a discharge gas. Excimer molecules are developed due to a dielectric barrier discharge. The discharge vessel is equipped with a window for the output of the light radiated from the excimer molecules. A getter space, equipped with a getter, communicates with the discharge chamber. A common wall separates the discharge chamber from the getter space, or a separately arranged getter space is connected to the discharge chamber via a tube. In one form, the discharge vessel and window is made of quartz glass containing less than 10 ppm of OH radicals by weight.

Abstract: A lighting device for a hot cathode fluorescent lamp used for a back light of a liquid crystal display or the like attempts to prolong the life of a lamp in a lighting device for a low consumption wattage fluorescent lamp. More specifically, the hot cathode fluorescent lamp is started while being pre-heated, and even after starting, a pre-heat current keeps flowing. The pre-heat current value after starting is set to be smaller than that at the time of starting for the purpose of optimizing the hot spot temperature. With employment of the configuration as described above, the lifetime of the hot cathode fluorescent lamp when used as a back light can extend to 10,000 hours or more.

Abstract: A negative glow discharge lamp device has a discharge container enclosing at least a rare gas, a hot cathode disposed in the discharge container and coated with a thermion radiation matter, and an anode located in a negative glow domain formed between the anode and the hot cathode in the discharge container, a power conversion circuit for driving the lamp device includes a rectifier directly connected at its d.c. output terminals to the hot cathode and the anode respectively for supplying d.c. electric power to the discharge container, and a capacitor ballast connected between a power supply terminal of an a.c. power source and an a.c. input terminal of the rectifier for controlling discharge current in the discharge container.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp has at least a pair of electrodes, at least two circular discharge tubes connected to said electrodes and enclosing rare gas and mercury therein, and a phosphor coating provided on an inside wall of each of said discharge tubes, the two circular discharge tubes being arranged coaxially circularly on one and the same plane, the diameter of each of the discharge tubes being selected to have a value within a range of from 5 mm to 25 mm both inclusive, the luminance on surface of each of the discharge tubes being selected to have a value within a range of from 2.times.10.sup.4 Cd/m.sup.2 to 6.times.10.sup.4 Cd/m.sup.2.

Abstract: A negative glow discharge lamp of small size comprising a cylindrical discharge container enclosing at least rare gas, a hot cathode disposed in the discharge container and coated with a thermion radiation matter, and an anode disposed in a negative glow domain formed between the anode and the hot cathode in the discharge container. In the discharge lamp, the outer diameter D (mm) of the discharge container is selected to satisfy the relation3 W.sub.L <D<10 W.sub.Lwhere W.sub.L the electric power consumption (W) of the discharge lamp when the length L (mm) of the discharge container lies within the range of L=25 to 100 mm.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compact fluorescent lamp which comprises an airtight outer bulb filled with a rare gas and mercury; inner tube means provided within the outer bulb, said means having opening to a space of the inside of the outer bulb, and a coating formed onto at least one of an inner surface of said outer bulb and an outer surface of said inner tube means, said coating being so transparent as substantially not to scater visible rays and which consists of at least one material of an oxide and a phosphate.A compact fluorescent lamp mostly in the electric bulb shape of the present invention has been remarkably improved in the so-called lumen output maintenance without lowering of the initial lumen output.

Abstract: A low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp in which a rare gas and mercury are provided in an outer bulb, which in turn contains therein a plurality of bent inner tubes, each having an opening at an end and an electrode at the other end thereof. A starting probe is provided between the openings in the outer bulb. An operating circuit or starter is connected to the electrodes. Further, a starting probe circuit is connected to the starting probe to apply a high voltage to the starting probe at the time of ignition.