Abstract: A biomass solid fuel is provided which, when exposed to rain water, has a reduced COD in discharged water and has low disintegration-property, while suppressing an increase in cost. The present invention relates to a biomass solid fuel obtained by molding pulverized biomass, having a fuel ratio (fixed carbon/volatile matter) of 0.2 to 0.8, dry-basis higher heating value of 4800 to 7000 (kcal/kg), a molar ratio of oxygen O to carbon C (O/C) of 0.1 to 0.7, and a molar ratio of hydrogen H to carbon C (H/C) is 0.8 to 1.3.

Abstract: A vapor phase epitaxial growth device comprises a reactor vessel. The device comprises a wafer holder arranged in the reactor vessel. The device comprises a first material gas supply pipe configured to supply first material gas to the reactor vessel. The device comprises a second material gas supply pipe configured to supply second material gas, which is to react with the first material gas, to the reactor vessel. The device comprises a particular gas supply pipe having a solid unit arranged on a supply passage. The device comprises a first heater unit configured to heat the solid unit to a predetermined temperature or higher. The solid unit comprises a mother region and a first region arranged continuously within the mother region. The mother region is a region that does not decompose at the predetermined temperature. The first region is a region that decomposes at the predetermined temperature and contains Mg.

Abstract: A method for controlling a terminal apparatus, to remotely operate a plurality of appliances, the terminal apparatus including a memory that stores setting information for setting a plurality of target appliances to be operated by remote operation. The method includes causing a computer of the terminal apparatus to judge whether the setting information includes information about the plurality of target appliances; causing a display of the terminal apparatus to, when the computer judges that the setting information includes information about the plurality of target appliances, display a start instruction image, that includes an instruction image region that provides an instruction for the remote operation to the plurality of target appliances and provides a starting instruction for the remote operation; and causing the computer, when the instruction image region is operated, to output control data for providing the instruction for the remote operation to the plurality of target appliances.

Abstract: A management device for managing a component mounter that mounts components onto a substrate using some of constituent elements each selected from one of constituent element groups each including the constituent elements. One group is a nozzle group including nozzles. The device includes: a true displacement amount calculator that calculates, for each target component which is the component, a true amount of displacement which is a sum of (i) an amount of pickup displacement being an amount of displacement between the target component and a target nozzle being one of the nozzles and picks up the target component and (ii) an amount of correction being an amount of offset of a position of the target nozzle when picking up the target component; and a statistical processor that performs parameter estimation for a predetermined statistical model using the true amount to calculate a degree of malfunction of each constituent element.

Abstract: An information management method collects log information of one or more home electrical apparatuses corresponding to service providers. Display screen data is generated which indicates a status of the log information. The display screen data includes groups of information which each contain information on an apparatus, a service provider corresponding to the apparatus, and log information output from the apparatus. Provision of the log information of each group is individually selectable. The display screen data is provided via a network to a display terminal that performs access to a server device. Information is received from the display terminal, which indicates that selection on whether or not provision of the log information is performed. Provision of the log information is not performed on the selected group when a determination is made that refusal of provision of the log information on the selected group is performed.

Abstract: Provided is a product manufacturing system including: a manufacture control apparatus configured to hold manufacturing data on a product; a virtual manufacturing apparatus configured to virtually manufacture the product by simulation, based on the manufacturing data on the product in the manufacture control apparatus; a physical manufacturing apparatus configured to physically manufacture the product based on the manufacturing data in the manufacture control apparatus; an abnormality determination unit configured to determine whether there is an abnormality in the virtual manufacture of the product by the virtual manufacturing apparatus. When it is determined there is no abnormality from the virtual manufacture of the product, the physical manufacturing apparatus physically manufactures the product.

Abstract: There is provided a laser processing method for cutting a semiconductor object along a virtual plane facing a surface of the semiconductor object in the semiconductor object. The laser processing method includes a first step of forming a plurality of first modified spots along the virtual plane by causing laser light to enter into the semiconductor object from the surface, and a second step of forming a plurality of second modified spots along the virtual plane so as not to overlap the plurality of first modified spots, by causing laser light to enter into the semiconductor object from the surface.

Abstract: A risk information processing method is used in a risk information processing system that manages a degree of risk at a target spot at which a moving object is located. The method includes: receiving sensor data collected at each of two spots different from the target spot; determining a degree of risk of an event at each of the two spots from the sensor data collected at each of the two spots; storing, as risk information the determined degree of risk associated with each of the two spots; estimating first risk information associated with the target spot without sensor data of first event at the target spot, by using the stored risk information, the first risk information being a degree of risk of the first event at the target spot; and outputting information for the target spot based on the estimated first risk information.

Abstract: There is provided a laser processing method for cutting a semiconductor object along a virtual plane facing a surface of the semiconductor object in the semiconductor object. The laser processing method includes a first step of forming a plurality of first modified spots along the virtual plane to obtain first formation density, by causing laser light to enter into the semiconductor object from the surface, and a second step of forming a plurality of second modified spots along the virtual plane so as to obtain second formation density higher than the first formation density, by causing laser light to enter into the semiconductor object from the surface after the first step.

Abstract: A risk analyzer analyzing risk of a system including N (natural number greater than or equal to 2) elements connected includes: an inputter receiving, as inputs, a cost of each N element for increasing a safety degree against a threat to security, a connection relationship of at least part of the N elements, an entry point being an element serving as an entry to the system, and a defense target being an element protected in the system; an identifier identifying, based on the cost of each N element and the connection relationship, a target element of one or more elements requiring a minimum total cost necessary for cutting off a target path from the entry point to the defense target by increasing a safety degree of one or more elements on the target path to a threshold value or more; and an outputter outputting element information indicating the target element.

Abstract: A stacked body comprising: a semiconductor layer comprising a group III-V nitride semiconductor, and an electrode layer, wherein the electrode layer comprises magnesium oxide and zinc oxide, wherein the molar ratio of magnesium based on the sum of magnesium and zinc of the electrode layer [Mg/(Mg+Zn)] is 0.25 or more and 0.75 or less, and conductivity of the electrode layer is 1.0×10?2 S/cm or more.

Abstract: Provided is a product manufacturing system including: a manufacture control apparatus configured to hold manufacturing data on a product; a virtual manufacturing apparatus configured to virtually manufacture the product by simulation, based on the manufacturing data on the product in the manufacture control apparatus; a physical manufacturing apparatus configured to physically manufacture the product based on the manufacturing data in the manufacture control apparatus; an abnormality determination unit configured to determine whether there is an abnormality in the virtual manufacture of the product by the virtual manufacturing apparatus. When it is determined there is no abnormality from the virtual manufacture of the product, the physical manufacturing apparatus physically manufactures the product.

Abstract: A risk analyzer analyzing a risk of a system including N (natural number greater than or equal to 2) elements connected includes: an inputter receiving, as inputs, a degree of safety of each N element against a threat to security, a connection relationship of the N elements, an entry point being an element serving as an entry to the system, and a defense target being an element protected in the system; an identifier identifying, among one or more paths from the entry point to the defense target, based on the degrees of safety and the connection relationship of the N elements, a target path in which a total sum of the degrees of safety of elements passed while the target path extends from the entry point to the defense target is lower than a threshold value; and an outputter outputting path information on the target path.

Abstract: A risk analyzer analyzing risk of a system including N (natural number greater than or equal to 2) elements connected includes: an inputter receiving, as inputs, a cost of each N element for increasing a safety degree against a threat to security, a connection relationship of at least part of the N elements, an entry point being an element serving as an entry to the system, and a defense target being an element protected in the system; an identifier identifying, based on the cost of each N element and the connection relationship, a target element of one or more elements requiring a minimum total cost necessary for cutting off a target path from the entry point to the defense target by increasing a safety degree of one or more elements on the target path to a threshold value or more; and an outputter outputting element information indicating the target element.

Abstract: A method of producing an ultraviolet laser diode with a low oscillation threshold current density includes stacking a first cladding layer, a light-emitting layer, and a second cladding layer on a substrate in this order to form a nitride semiconductor laminate (step S101), etching at least a portion of the nitride semiconductor laminate to form a mesa structure and setting the ratio between the length of the resonator end faces and the length of the side surfaces of the mesa structure in plan view between 1:5 and 1:500 (step S102), disposing first conductive material on a portion of a first area and applying heat treatment of 400° C. or higher to form a first electrode (step S103), and disposing a second conductive material in an area on the second cladding layer, at a distance of 5 um or more from the side surfaces, to form a second electrode (step S104).

Abstract: A vapor phase epitaxial growth device comprises a reactor vessel. The device comprises a wafer holder arranged in the reactor vessel. The device comprises a first material gas supply pipe configured to supply first material gas to the reactor vessel. The device comprises a second material gas supply pipe configured to supply second material gas, which is to react with the first material gas, to the reactor vessel. The device comprises a particular gas supply pipe having a solid unit arranged on a supply passage. The device comprises a first heater unit configured to heat the solid unit to a predetermined temperature or higher. The solid unit comprises a mother region and a first region arranged continuously within the mother region. The mother region is a region that does not decompose at the predetermined temperature. The first region is a region that decomposes at the predetermined temperature and contains Mg.

Abstract: An unauthorized communication detection device that detects unauthorized communication in a manufacturing system that manufactures products includes: an obtainer that obtains operation information of the manufacturing system; a storage that stores element information indicating one or more target elements among a plurality of elements related to manufacturing of the products; a specifier that specifies, for each of a plurality of communications performed in the manufacturing system, an element corresponding to the communication, based on the operation information; a calculator that calculates an abnormal degree of each of one or more communications, which satisfy that the element specified by the specifier is included in the one or more target elements indicated by the element information, among the plurality of communications; and a determiner that determines that, when an abnormal degree calculated by the calculator is larger than a threshold value, a communication corresponding to the abnormal degree is th

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an optical device having a laser diode, which method is suitable for mass production, and an optical device having a laser diode which allows accurate property evaluations thereof with small measurement errors. Specifically, the method includes: an etching process of etching a semiconductor lamination unit to form a mesa structure having a resonator end face, thereby forming a laser diode; and a reflecting layer forming process of forming a light reflecting layer such that the light reflecting layer covers entire side surfaces of the mesa structure, wherein the semiconductor lamination unit has a substate, a n-type clad layer including a nitride semiconductor layer having n-type conductivity, a light-emitting layer including at least one quantum well, and a p-type clad layer including a nitride semiconductor layer having p-type conductivity, laminated in this order.

Abstract: An abnormality analysis device including: an overall information obtainer that obtains overall information indicating an overall feature amount of a manufacturing system; an overall abnormal degree calculator that calculates an overall abnormal degree that is an abnormal degree of a whole of the manufacturing system by statistically processing the overall information; an individual information obtainer that obtains individual information indicating a feature amount of each of the plurality of constituent elements; an individual abnormal degree calculator that calculates an individual abnormal degree that is an abnormal degree of each of the plurality of constituent elements by statistically processing the individual information; and a determiner that determines whether or not the overall abnormal degree exceeds a threshold value, wherein the individual abnormal degree calculator calculates the individual abnormal degree when the determiner determines that the overall abnormal degree exceeds the threshold valu

Abstract: A voice dialogue method performed by a voice dialog system includes: a voice signal generation unit; a voice dialog agent unit; a voice output unit; and a voice input control unit, the method including: a step of, by the voice signal generation unit, receiving a voice input and generating a voice signal based on the received voice input; a step of, by the voice dialog agent unit, performing voice recognition processing on the voice signal and performing processing based on a result of the voice recognition processing to generate a response signal; a step of, by the voice output unit, outputting a voice based on the response signal; and a step of, when the voice output unit outputs the voice, by the voice input control unit, keeping the voice signal generation unit, for predetermined period after output of the voice, a receivable state in which a voice input is receivable.