Abstract: A substrate having a first pattern formed on a surface or in an inside of the substrate, or on the surface and in the inside of the substrate, wherein the first pattern is constituted by an aggregate of second patterns.

Abstract: A device for applying at least a first energy to a substrate includes a conversion material application unit configured to apply a conversion material for converting a second energy to the first energy to the substrate and an energy application unit configured to apply the second energy to the conversion material applied to the substrate, wherein the second energy corresponds to an amount of heat not less than heat of evaporation of the conversion material.

Abstract: An image forming method is for forming an image using an electrostatic latent image that is formed by exposing a surface of an image bearer in accordance with an image pattern that includes a plurality of image areas in combination. Each of the plurality of image areas includes a plurality of pixels. A part of pixels to be exposed in each of the plurality of image areas is set as a non-exposure pixel group in accordance with a position of any one of the plurality of image areas in the image pattern. Pixels that are different from the non-exposure pixel group in each of the plurality of image areas are set as a high-output exposure pixel group that is exposed with an optical output value that is higher than a predetermined optical output value that is needed to expose the image area.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus forms an image by exposing an image bearer on the basis of image data including at least one predetermined pattern. The image forming apparatus includes a processing device that sets an exposure amount of a plurality of exposure pixels. The predetermined pattern is constituted by the plurality of exposure pixels, and a peripheral region of the predetermined pattern in the image data is constituted by a plurality of non-exposure pixels. The processing device sets an exposure amount of an exposure pixel in a specific region that is adjacent to a boundary between the predetermined pattern and the peripheral region and is constituted by at least one exposure pixel in the predetermined pattern, and an exposure amount of an exposure pixel in a region other than the specific region in the predetermined pattern to values different from each other.

Abstract: An image forming method exposes a surface of an image bearer with light according to an image pattern including an image portion to form an electrostatic latent image, and includes: setting, among pixels constituting the image portion, at least a group of pixels existing at a boundary with respect to a non-image portion as a non-exposure pixel group, and at least a group of pixels existing at a boundary with respect to the non-exposure pixel group as a high power exposure pixel group; specifying, among the pixels constituting the image portion, a predetermined pixel as a target pixel, and a group of pixels existing at a boundary with respect to the non-image portion close to the target pixel as a boundary pixel group; and specifying a light power value of the target pixel based on image identification information acquired from the pixels constituting the image portion.

Abstract: An image forming method is for forming an image using an electrostatic latent image that is formed by exposing a surface of an image bearer in accordance with an image pattern that includes a plurality of image areas in combination. Each of the plurality of image areas includes a plurality of pixels. A part of pixels to be exposed in each of the plurality of image areas is set as a non-exposure pixel group in accordance with a position of any one of the plurality of image areas in the image pattern. Pixels that are different from the non-exposure pixel group in each of the plurality of image areas are set as a high-output exposure pixel group that is exposed with an optical output value that is higher than a predetermined optical output value that is needed to expose the image area.

Abstract: An image forming method forms an electrostatic latent image corresponding to an image pattern including an image portion and a non-image portion by exposing a surface of an image bearer with light according to the image pattern. The image portion includes a plurality of pixels. Among the pixels constituting the image portion, at least a group of pixels existing at a boundary with respect to the non-image portion is set as a non-exposure pixel group. Among the pixels constituting the image portion, at least a group of pixels existing at a boundary with respect to the non-exposure pixel group is set as a high power exposure pixel group where exposure is performed with light of a higher light power value than a predetermined light power value required for exposing the image portion.

Abstract: An image forming method includes exposing a surface of an image bearer with light according to an image pattern including an image portion and a non-image portion, the image portion constituted of a plurality of pixels, to form an electrostatic latent image correspondent to the image pattern, comparing the image pattern adjacent to each of the pixels with a comparison pattern constituted of a plurality of pixels to specify at least a group of pixels existing at a boundary with respect to the non-image portion as a group of non-exposure pixels among the pixels constituting the image portion, and executing determination of specifying at least a group of pixels adjacent to the group of non-exposure pixels as a group of high power exposure pixels exposed with light of a higher light power than a predetermined light power required for exposing the image portion among the pixels constituting the image portion.

Abstract: An image forming method exposes a surface of an image bearer with light according to an image pattern including an image portion to form an electrostatic latent image, and includes: setting, among pixels constituting the image portion, at least a group of pixels existing at a boundary with respect to a non-image portion as a non-exposure pixel group, and at least a group of pixels existing at a boundary with respect to the non-exposure pixel group as a high power exposure pixel group; specifying, among the pixels constituting the image portion, a predetermined pixel as a target pixel, and a group of pixels existing at a boundary with respect to the non-image portion close to the target pixel as a boundary pixel group; and specifying a light power value of the target pixel based on image identification information acquired from the pixels constituting the image portion.

Abstract: An image forming method includes exposing a surface of an image bearer with light according to an image pattern including an image portion and a non-image portion, the image portion constituted of a plurality of pixels, to form an electrostatic latent image correspondent to the image pattern, comparing the image pattern adjacent to each of the pixels with a comparison pattern constituted of a plurality of pixels to specify at least a group of pixels existing at a boundary with respect to the non-image portion as a group of non-exposure pixels among the pixels constituting the image portion, and executing determination of specifying at least a group of pixels adjacent to the group of non-exposure pixels as a group of high power exposure pixels exposed with light of a higher light power than a predetermined light power required for exposing the image portion among the pixels constituting the image portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus forms an image by exposing an image bearer on the basis of image data including at least one predetermined pattern. The image forming apparatus includes a processing device that sets an exposure amount of a plurality of exposure pixels. The predetermined pattern is constituted by the plurality of exposure pixels, and a peripheral region of the predetermined pattern in the image data is constituted by a plurality of non-exposure pixels. The processing device sets an exposure amount of an exposure pixel in a specific region that is adjacent to a boundary between the predetermined pattern and the peripheral region and is constituted by at least one exposure pixel in the predetermined pattern, and an exposure amount of an exposure pixel in a region other than the specific region in the predetermined pattern to values different from each other.

Abstract: An image forming method forms an electrostatic latent image corresponding to an image pattern including an image portion and a non-image portion by exposing a surface of an image bearer with light according to the image pattern. The image portion includes a plurality of pixels. Among the pixels constituting the image portion, at least a group of pixels existing at a boundary with respect to the non-image portion is set as a non-exposure pixel group. Among the pixels constituting the image portion, at least a group of pixels existing at a boundary with respect to the non-exposure pixel group is set as a high power exposure pixel group where exposure is performed with light of a higher light power value than a predetermined light power value required for exposing the image portion.