Abstract: A gas barrier multilayer body including a composite layer A which has a film (a) and an inorganic barrier layer (a), and a composite layer B which has an alicyclic olefin resin film (b) and an inorganic barrier layer (b), wherein a surface of the composite layer A and a surface of the composite layer B are faced and bonded to each other, a surface of the alicyclic olefin resin film (b) on a side facing to the composite layer A is an activation-treated surface, and the activation-treated surface of the alicyclic olefin resin film (b) is in contact with the composite layer A directly or via a metal alkoxide layer (b); and a circularly polarizing plate including the same.

Abstract: When radiating light onto a liquid crystal composition containing a photosensitive material, the alignment of liquid crystal molecules is adjusted by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal composition layer, to achieve substantially orderly alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, or the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is made uniform by adjusting the structure of the liquid crystal display device, or any display defect is driven out of the display area. When radiating light to the liquid crystal composition containing the photosensitive material, the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules can be adjusted so as to achieve substantially orderly alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, and the liquid crystal display device can thus be driven stably.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal layer sealed between a pair of substrates; an alignment layer formed on at least one of the substrates; a polymer formed of a photopolymerized material on the alignment layer; and a pixel electrode, including an electrode portion and a plurality of slits, formed on one of the substrates. The device also includes a source electrode and a Cs intermediate electrode, having the same potential as the pixel electrode, formed between the pixel electrode and one of the substrates; and a Cs bus line located between the Cs intermediate electrode and one of the substrates. The source electrode is formed along a first liquid crystal domain boundary, between the pixel electrode and one of the substrates. The liquid crystal layer contains part of a photopolymerizable monomer, which is a source material of the photopolymerized material.

Abstract: An optical sheet comprising: a transparent substrate having a first surface S1 and a second surface S2; a first light diffusion layer provided on a first surface S1 side of the transparent substrate; and a second light diffusion layer provided on a second surface S2 side of the transparent substrate, wherein a haze x1 (%) of the first light diffusion layer and a haze x2 (%) of the second light diffusion layer satisfy f(x1)/(f(x1)+f(x2))? (where when x?88, a function f(x)=1.9×(1n(1?x/90))2, and when x>88, the function f(x)=22.5x?1952.5) and (f(x1)+f(x2))?12; and a surface light source device having the same.

Abstract: In an electric power steering device, if the temperature of a specific site that increases due to the driving of a steering assist motor exceeds a threshold, the motor current is controlled to be equal to or below a current restriction value. The temperature Toff of the specific site detected when an engine is stopped, and the current restriction value Ioff provided when the engine is stopped are stored into a storage. A temperature difference Ta between the temperature detected when a starter switch is turned on and the temperature Toff is computed. If the temperature of the specific site when the starter switch is turned on is above the threshold, the current restriction value is set to be equal to or above the current restriction value Ioff stored in the storage, according to the temperature difference Ta, over a time following the turning-on of the starter switch.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent light source device including a first transparent electrode layer, a light-emitting layer, a second transparent electrode layer, and a reflective layer having a reflective surface, in this order from a light-emitting surface side, and further including a structural layer X that is provided between the second transparent electrode layer and the reflective surface and is in contact with the reflective surface, wherein the reflective surface has a concavo-convex structure, the concavo-convex structure has a plurality of concavo-convex structure units formed of depressions or protrusions, and a refractive index n of the structural layer X, an inclination angle ?×1 (°) of the concavo-convex structure units, and a mean inclination angle ?×2 (°) of the concavo-convex structure at the reflective surface satisfy ?×1?sin?1(1/n) and {90?sin?1(1/n) }/3?0×2?sin?1(1/n).

Abstract: The present invention provides a recording medium and a recording/reproducing apparatus which enable the number of data units of recording pulse information to be reduced by dividing the recording pulse information into 1 byte-parameter information and differences from a value thereof, and the recording pulse information to be recorded on an existing DI area.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide an optical recording medium and a method for producing an optical recording medium that enable to improve the quality of a servo signal and a reproduction signal. The optical recording medium satisfies: t3?t4?1 ?m, t4?t2?1 ?m, t2?10 ?m, and t1?(t2+t3+t4)?1 ?m, where t1 is a thickness between a surface of the optical recording medium, and the first information recording surface, t2 is a thickness between the first optical recording surface and the second information recording surface, t3 is a thickness between the second optical recording surface and the third information recording surface, and t4 is a thickness between the third optical recording surface and the fourth information recording surface.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display has a pair of substrates with liquid crystal sealed between them. A polymer layer regulates directions in which the liquid crystal molecules tilt. A plurality of gate bus lines and a plurality of drain bus lines are provided on one of the substrates. Color filters and a pixel electrode are provided on the substrate. The pixel electrode includes a first sub-pixel electrode and a second sub-pixel electrode. A common electrode is provided on the other substrate. A first thin film transistor is connected to the first sub-pixel electrode, a second thin film transistor is connected to the second sub-pixel electrode, and a third thin film transistor is connected to the second sub-pixel electrode. The first and second thin film transistors are both connected to a first gate bus line, and the third thin film transistor is connected to a second bus line.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules provided between a first substrate and a second substrate; pixels forming a display area; electrodes for applying a voltage across the liquid crystal layer within each of the pixels; a plurality of domain regulating structures for dividing orientations of the liquid crystal molecules and forming multiple domains within each of the pixels, when a predetermined voltage is applied across the liquid crystal layer within each of the pixels; and a structure which is formed in an outer area located next to the display area and is substantially the same as at least one of the plurality of domain regulating structures.

Abstract: A surface light source device is provided that has high light extraction efficiency and high mechanical strength and can suppress a change in color tone at different viewing angles. To that end, the surface light source device includes: an organic EL element including a luminescent layer; and a light-emitting surface structure layer that is disposed in contact with one of the surfaces of the organic EL element and defines a concave-convex structure on the surface on the device light-emitting surface side. The concave-convex structure includes a plurality of concave portions having oblique surfaces and flat portions disposed around the concave portions. The surface light source device further includes a diffusing member on which the light emitted from the luminescent layer is incident, the diffusing member allowing the incident light to pass therethrough or reflecting the incident light in a diffused manner.

Abstract: A surface light source device includes an organic electroluminescent element including a luminescent layer and a light-emitting surface structure layer disposed on one of the surfaces of the organic electroluminescent element. In the surface light source device, the light-emitting surface structure layer includes a concave-convex structure provided on a surface thereof on the side toward a device light-emitting surface, and the concave-convex structure includes a plurality of concave portions having oblique surfaces and flat portions disposed around the concave portions. The flat portions and/or the concave portions have a size difference in one or more of their width, height, depth, and spacing, the size difference being larger than the difference that causes interference of one or both of emitted light and reflected light.

Abstract: A nonaqueous secondary battery containing a positive electrode having a positive electrode mixture layer, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte, in which the positive electrode comprises, as active materials, three or more lithium-containing transition metal oxides having different average particle sizes, those transition metal oxides comprise a transition metal element, the transition metal element of the transition metal oxide having the smallest average particle size is partially substituted with a metal element other than the transition metal element, and the density of the positive electrode mixture layer is t 3.8 g/cm3 or more.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including a pair of substrates sandwiching liquid crystal molecules, a plurality of gate bus lines, and a plurality of data bus lines, with each of the data bus lines extending to intersect the gate bus lines and bending in a zigzag manner. A plurality of pixels are formed in areas enclosed by the data and gate bus lines, with a plurality of pixel electrodes, each covering a substantial area of one of the pixels. A plurality of domain regulating structures for regulating orientation directions of the liquid crystal molecules and for forming multiple domains are formed in each of the pixels. At least one of the domain regulating structures bends along a first side edge of the pixel electrode and domains are divided in accordance with the bending of the domain regulating structure.

Abstract: A planar light source device is provided which has high light extraction efficiency and in which a change in color tone at different viewing angles is small. The planar light source device includes, on a light emitting surface, a concavo-convex structure layer made of a resin composition. In this planar light source device, the concavo-convex structure layer has a cone, pyramid, or prism shape, and the resin composition contains a transparent resin and particles. In particular, in the planar light source device, variations in any of x- and y-chromaticity coordinates in any directions in a hemisphere on the light emitting surface are within ±0.1, the diameter of the particle is 10 ?m or less, and the amount of the particles is 1 to 40 wt % based on the total amount of the resin composition. In addition, the difference in refractive index between the particles and the transparent resin is 0.05 to 0.5.

Abstract: A multilayer optical recording medium having three or more information recording layers is irradiated with a laser beam, and a first signal obtained from the reflected laser beam is subjected to a frequency filter. A second signal obtained by filtration through a high-pass filter is used to evaluate the characteristics of the multilayer optical recording medium. In this manner, even in a multilayer optical recording medium having three or more information recording layers, the influence of the variation of the thickness and material of the information recording layers and the influence of the variation of the thickness of a spacer layer can be clearly determined and evaluated.

Abstract: An optical recording medium having a good power margin property during recording and good jitter during reading is provided. In an optical recording medium, a Ti recording layer that includes Ti as a main component and Al as an addition component and a first Si recording layer that is arranged adjacent to a cover layer side of the Ti recording layer and includes Si as a main component are stacked between a substrate and the cover layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including two substrates, gate bus lines, liquid crystal molecules, and a polymer that determines directions in which the liquid crystal molecules tilt. A plurality of divisional areas are arranged on one of the substrates. The pixels are aligned in a column between drain bus lines. A pixel electrode is formed at each of the divisional areas. A first thin film transistor drives a first divisional area, and a second thin film transistor drives a second divisional area of the same column. The first and second thin film transistors are electrically connected to the same gate bus line. Either the pixel electrodes formed at each of the divisional areas are electrically insulated from each other, or they are connected to each other through a high resistance. A first threshold voltage within the first divisional area is different from a second threshold voltage of the second divisional area.

Abstract: An optical recording medium having a good power margin during recording is provided. In an optical recording medium, a Cu recording layer that includes Cu as a main component, a first Si recording layer that is arranged adjacent to the cover layer side of the Cu recording layer and includes Si as a main component, and a second Si recording layer that is arranged adjacent to the substrate side of the Cu recording layer and includes Si as a main component, are stacked between the substrate and the cover layer.

Abstract: A vertical alignment mode liquid crystal display device having an improved viewing angle characteristic is disclosed. The liquid crystal display device uses a liquid crystal having a negative anisotropic dielectric constant, and orientations of the liquid crystal are vertical to substrates when no voltage is applied, almost horizontal when a predetermined voltage is applied, and oblique when an intermediate voltage is applied. At least one of the substrates includes a structure as domain regulating means, and inclined surfaces of the structure operate to regulate azimuths of the oblique orientations of the liquid crystal when the intermediate voltage is applied.