Abstract: A transfer member transporting section is disposed so as to bring a tip end of a transfer member into contact with a peripheral face of a transfer rotary member before the tip end of the transfer member enters a nip area. A bias power supply has a polarity inverting function of, during a period from a timing when the tip end of the transfer member is brought into contact with the transfer rotary member by the transfer member transporting section, to that when the tip end of the transfer member enters the nip area, applying a voltage of a polarity which is identical with that of a toner, to the transfer rotary member, and after the tip end of the transfer member enters the nip area, applying a voltage of a polarity which is opposite to that of the toner, to the transfer rotary member.

Abstract: In a charge amount detection circuit, one part of circuit elements constituting a low pass filter circuit and one part of circuit elements constituting a voltage amplifier circuit are commonly use. A charge sensitive amplifier is followed by the low pass filter circuit and the voltage amplifier circuit, respectively, in this order. Since the low pass filter circuit is provided so as to share one part of circuit elements of the voltage amplifier circuit, it is possible to suppress the enlargement of the chip size due to the provision of LPF as much as possible so as to suppress the rise of the chip cost as much as possible.

Abstract: A developing unit in an electro-photographic apparatus such as a printer, a facsimile and a copier for actualizing an image employing colored particles such as toner, and more particularly to a developing unit for forming a toner image on the surface of a photosensitive body. The developing unit includes a plurality of developing rollers each having a core and a sleeve. The sleeve accommodates the core. The plurality of developing rollers include a first developing roller and a second developing roller. The sleeve for the first developing roller is rotated to move in the same direction as a moving direction of the surface of the photosensitive body. The sleeve for the second developing roller is rotated to move in an opposite direction to the moving direction of the surface of the photosensitive body. The core for at least one of the plurality of developing rollers is driven in rotation.

Abstract: A testing circuit 1, provided between an input terminal IN of an LSI 2 and the CSA 20, includes a switch NSW (a third switch), a capacitor CT which is connected in parallel to the switch NSW, and switches TC1 (a first switch) and TC2 (a second switch) which are connected in series across the capacitor CT. With this arrangement, the circuit including the capacitor CT and the CSA 20 can serve as a reverse amplifier circuit and can input a voltage waveform instead of the charges. Therefore, a conventional charge supply circuit is not necessary when the testing of a reading circuit 16 is carried out.

Abstract: In an electrophotographic apparatus, regions having at least three different potential levels Vc, Vw, and Vr are formed on a photosensitive member by using an exposing device, and developing processes respectively using colored particles of different kinds are performed by normal development and reversal development on two potential levels Vc and Vr excluding the intermediate potential level Vw. The apparatus has an auxiliary exposing unit for forming a fringe development preventing potential in an edge of an image forming region in order to prevent fringe development from occurring. The auxiliary exposing unit sets an auxiliary exposure amount by performing pulse-width modulation on a laser driver.

Abstract: A drive circuit for a display device supplying a plurality of gray-scale voltages to the display device, based on externally supplied digital video signal data, includes: a plurality of gray-scale power supplies, a plurality of drive power supplies, a unit for forming a first part of the plurality of gray-scale voltages using the gray-scale voltage power supplies, and a unit for forming a second part of the plurality of gray-scale voltages using the drive power supplies.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a developing device including plural developer supporters provided opposite to a photoconductor, a development bias applying unit for applying a development bias voltage generated by superimposing an AC voltage on a DC voltage to each of the developer supporters, and a phase shifter for shifting a phase of the AC voltage in the development bias voltage in each of the developer supporters.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus for charging a photosensitive body, changing the light exposure amount in at least three levels at exposure to light, thereby forming an electrostatic image made up of a high-potential part, a low-potential part, and an intermediate-potential part therebetween on the photosensitive body, and normally developing and inversely developing the electrostatic image using toners different in charge polarity for forming two types of toner images on the photosensitive body, a first developer used with a first toner image developing unit has electric resistance changed within 10% in the change range of applied voltage to the developer as the difference between a surface potential of the photosensitive body and a developing bias voltage.

Abstract: In a developing roll, grooves of a length direction of a developing roll are formed on a surface of the developing roll on conditions that a ratio of a groove depth to a groove width is set to one or more and a ratio of a groove pitch to a groove width is set to two or more and a groove depth is set to three times or more a carrier particle size, and a magnetic pole of the inside of the developing roll is provided in a position of a doctor blade for regulating the amount of carriage of a developer roll, and further a magnetic force on the surface of the developing roll of the position of the doctor blade is set to 0.06 T or less.

Abstract: In an image forming method, when viewed from the moving direction of a photosensitive body 1, there is disposed, on the upstream side, a first developing roller 61 opposed to and adjacent to the photosensitive body 1 and rotatable in the opposite direction to the photosensitive body 1, while the peripheral speed ratio of the roller 61 to the photosensitive body 1 ranges from 0.8 to 2.0; on the downstream side of the roller 61, there is disposed a second developing roller 62 rotatable in the same direction to the photosensitive body 1, while the peripheral speed ratio of the roller 62 to the photosensitive body 1 ranges from 1.05 to 2.0; and the shape coefficient SF1 of the toners of two-component developing agent ranges from 120 to 170, while the shape coefficient SF2 ranges from 110 to 130.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display in which a reference signal main line, placed so as to connect reference signal lines to each other, is separated into an input main line and an output main line in an insulating state from each other. Then, a voltage application line from a voltage-application circuit for controlling the voltage of a reference signal is connected to the input main line and a voltage feedback line therefrom is connected to the output main line. Thus, it becomes possible to accurately detect minute voltage variations within a reference signal circuit and compensate for them.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus for charging a photosensitive body, changing the light exposure amount in at least three levels at exposure to light, thereby forming an electrostatic image made up of a high-potential part, a low-potential part, and an intermediate-potential part therebetween on the photosensitive body, and normally developing and inversely developing the electrostatic image using toners different in charge polarity for forming two types of toner images on the photosensitive body, a first developer used with a first toner image developing unit has electric resistance changed within 10% in the change range of applied voltage to the developer as the difference between a surface potential of the photosensitive body and a developing bias voltage.

Abstract: A drive circuit for a display device supplying a plurality of gray-scale voltages to the display device, based on externally supplied digital video signal data, includes: a plurality of gray-scale power supplies, a plurality of drive power supplies, a unit for forming a first part of the plurality of gray-scale voltages using the gray-scale voltage power supplies, and a unit for forming a second part of the plurality of gray-scale voltages using the drive power supplies.

Abstract: A developing device for use in an image forming apparatus has control means operatively responsive to receipt of an output signal of a first toner density detector means provided in a development unit for driving developing powder delivery means provided in a preliminary mixture/stirring unit to supply developing powder from a stirring chamber toward the development unit, while controlling regulator means so that introduction of the developing powder to the stirring chamber is inhibited at least within a developing powder refilling time period.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a developing device including plural developer supporters provided opposite to a photoconductor, a development bias applying unit for applying a development bias voltage generated by superimposing an AC voltage on a DC voltage to each the developer supporter, and a phase shifter for shifting a phase of the AC voltage in the development bias voltage in each the developer supporter.

Abstract: In a developing roll, grooves of a length direction of a developing roll are formed on a surface of the developing roll on conditions that a ratio of a groove depth to a groove width is set to one or more and a ratio of a groove pitch to a groove width is set to two or more and a groove depth is set to three times or more a carrier particle size, and a magnetic pole of the inside of the developing roll is provided in a position of a doctor blade for regulating the amount of carriage of a developer roll, and further a magnetic force on the surface of the developing roll of the position of the doctor blade is set to 0.06 T or less.

Abstract: A drive circuit for a display device supplying a plurality of gray-scale voltages to the display device, based on externally supplied digital video signal data, includes: a plurality of gray-scale power supplies, a plurality of drive power supplies, a unit for forming a first part of the plurality of gray-scale voltages using the gray-scale voltage power supplies, and a unit for forming a second part of the plurality of gray-scale voltages using the drive power supplies.

Abstract: In an electrophotographic apparatus, regions having at least three different potential levels Vc, Vw, and Vr are formed on a photosensitive member by using an exposing device, and developing processes respectively using colored particles of different kinds are performed by normal development and reversal development on two potential levels Vc and Vr excluding the intermediate potential level Vw. The apparatus has an auxiliary exposing unit for forming a fringe development preventing potential in an edge of an image forming region in order to prevent fringe development from occurring. The auxiliary exposing unit sets an auxiliary exposure amount by performing pulse-width modulation on a laser driver.

Abstract: The driving circuit of this invention for a display device displaying a plurality of gray levels in accordance with digital data including a first bit portion and a second bit portion, includes: a voltage dividing circuit for generating a plurality of interpolation voltages between a plurality of gray level voltages supplied externally by dividing the plurality of gray level voltages; a first selection circuit for selecting a first voltage and a second voltage which is different from the first voltage among the plurality of gray level voltages and the plurality of interpolation voltages based on the first bit portion of the digital data; a second selection circuit for selecting one of a plurality of oscillating signals having different duty ratios based on the second bit portion of the digital data; and an output circuit for outputting an oscillating voltage which oscillates between the first voltage and the second voltage selected by the first selection circuit at a duty ratio of the oscillating signal selec

Abstract: According to the present invention, a method for driving a display device, including a display panel having a plurality of pixels and a plurality of data lines connected to the respective pixels, is provided. The method includes the steps of: sampling data in a first horizontal interval; storing the data sampled in the first horizontal interval; updating output data based on the stored data in the middle of sampling next data in a second horizontal interval next to the first horizontal interval; and outputting a voltage corresponding to the output data to a corresponding one of the data lines.