Abstract: A simple, compact and inexpensive ultrasonic wave diagnostic apparatus of electronic focus type in which the delay amount for controlling the phase of a transmission signal for each piezoelectric element is stored in a delay amount storage unit, the pulse width for controlling the frequency of the transmission signal for each piezoelectric element is stored in a pulse width storage unit, the time elapsed from a reference time point is counted by a counter, a change point of the transmission signal from the reference time point is calculated by a processor, the output of the processor is compared with the output of the counter by a comparator, a plurality of clock signals having different phases are generated by a multiphase clock generator, a clock generated by the multiphase clock signal generator is selected by a selective controller, and a pulse of the transmission signal is generated on the basis of the selected clock by a toggle circuit.

Abstract: An ultrasonic continuous wave doppler blood flow-meter deflects an ultrasonic continuous wave to an arbitrary angle and transmits it into an organism, thereby measuring a blood flow speed of the organism. Two continuous sine wave signals of different phases and a plurality of sets of pairs of coefficients are generated. One of each of the pairs of coefficients is multiplied to one of the two sine wave signals. The other one of each of the pairs of coefficients is multiplied to the other one of the two sine wave coefficients. After that, two sine wave signals after the multiplication are added, so that a plurality of synthesis sine wave signals are generated. When a plurality of micro vibrators are driven by the plurality of synthesis sine wave signals, the ultrasonic continuous wave is deflected to an arbitrary angle and is transmitted into the organism.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element using ferroelectric liquid crystal includes a light blocking thin film which is formed by silicon or silicon-germanium solid solution by evaporation between electrodes formed by an ITO film placed in a striped pattern on a surface of a transparent glass substrate so that the thin film does not protrude from the ITO film surface. This thin film shades a non-pixel region as a black matrix.

Abstract: Methods for forming an orientation film comprising a first step wherein a silane coupling agent is chemically adsorbed on a substrate surface, and a second step wherein an organic compound comprising a functional group capable of coupling with the silane coupling agent is coupled with the silane coupling agent. The second step includes a) applying a magnetic or electrical field in a selected direction to a mixture of 1) a liquid crystal compound being in a liquid crystal phase when heated and 2) the organic compound, b) contacting the substrate with the mixture which is in the applied magnetic or electrical field, and c) heating the mixture which is contacted with the substrate to a temperature sufficient for coupling of the silane coupling agent and the organic compound during the magnetic or electrical field application. The organic compound coupled with the silane coupling agent is directed toward a direction corresponding to the selected direction of the magnetic or electrical field.

Abstract: An ultrasonic imaging system includes an ultrasonic probe for transmitting and receiving an ultrasonic wave, a driver unit for driving the ultrasonic probe, a detector unit for detecting an echo signal received by the ultrasonic probe, a filter unit operative to pass a detection signal from the detector unit and having a plurality of passbands which have respective flat frequency response characteristics and respective gains different from each other, a scanning conversion unit for converting the detection signal, which has passed through the filter unit, to a display signal to be displayed on a television, etc., and a display unit receiving the display signal from the scanning conversion unit to display it as a tomographic image.

Abstract: A pressure sensor of the field-effect type includes a transistor having a gate insulation film above which a hollow chamber is provided, a gate electrode movable and deformable by pressure is formed above the gate insulation film through the hollow chamber, and an auxiliary gate electrode is provided on the boundary plane between the gate insulation film and hollow chamber, whereby the value of pressure can be detected by the drain-current variation of the transistor.