Abstract: An imaging body (1) includes: an attachment/detachment portion (2) to which an imaging optical system (12) is detachably attached; an imaging element (3); and a conversion optical system (4). The conversion optical system (4) is constituted by front side lens systems (4a, 4b) and a rear side lens system (4c). The conversion optical system (4) forms an intermediate image between the attachment/detachment portion (2) and imaging element (3). A shutter (5) is provided near the intermediate image.

Abstract: A variable power optical system includes, in order from the object side, a first lens group having negative refractive power, a variable power group having positive refractive power, and a final lens group having positive refractive power. The variable power group is provided with, in order from the object side, a first lens element having positive refractive power, a second lens element, and a third lens element. The second lens element has a convex shape on the object side. The final lens group includes a positive lens. The variable power optical system satisfies the following conditions: 10?VdLg?45 ?1.0<(R2a?R2b)/(R2a+R2b)<1.0 where VdLg is the Abbe number of the positive lens of the final lens group with respect to the d line, R2a is the curvature radius of the object-side surface of the second lens element, and R2b is the curvature radius of the image-side surface of the third lens element.

Abstract: At least some of the pixels on which color filters that give the largest weight to a brightness signal or color filters that have the highest transmittance among the plurality of color filters are provided are pixels for focus detection that are designed in such a way that the direction of incidence of light beams incident thereon is restricted, the pixels other than the pixels for focus detection are pixels for image picking-up that are designed in such a way that the degree of restriction placed on light beams incident thereon is smaller than that placed on light beams incident on the pixels for focus detection, the pixels for focus detection output at least a signal for ranging, the pixels for image picking-up output at least a signal for an image, and there are at least three pixels for focus detection in an area defined between a circle having its center at the center of any one of the pixels for focus detection and having a radius equal to 3.

Abstract: The invention provides a viewing optical system positioned between a viewing plane as a virtual plane and an eye point. The viewing optical system comprises, in order from the viewing plane side, a first lens group including a positive lens or a negative lens, a second lens group including a cemented lens in which at least one negative lens and at least one positive lens are cemented together, and a third lens group including a positive lens. Of lenses forming the first, second, and third lens groups, at least one lens surface is an aspheric surface.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a taking lens unit, a stop provided between a plurality of optical elements in the taking lens unit, a synchronizing signal generator to which a trigger signal input and that outputs at least a first synchronizing signal and a second synchronizing signal based on the trigger signal, an image pickup unit that performs a first image picking-up based on the first synchronizing signal and performs a second image picking-up based on the second synchronizing signal, and a lens shifting unit that shifts a specific optical element, which is at least one of the optical elements located between the stop and the image pickup unit, in such a way that the center axis of the specific optical element is shifted in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the stop during a period after the first image picking-up and before the second image picking-up.

Abstract: A lens component of the present invention is made by cementing a lens LA and a lens LB having a refracting power smaller than a refracting power of the lens LA, and satisfies predetermined conditional expressions. Moreover, in an image forming optical system of the present invention which includes a lens group B having a negative refracting power, a lens group C having a positive refracting power and which moves only toward an object side at the time of zooming from a wide angle end to a telephoto end, and one or two more lens groups additionally, one of the lens components of the present invention is used in the lens group B.

Abstract: An apparatus has a synchronizing signal generator to which a trigger signal is input and that outputs a first synchronizing signal and a second synchronizing signal based on the trigger signal, an image pickup unit that has an image pickup surface, performs a first image picking-up based on the first synchronizing signal, and performs a second image picking-up based on the second synchronizing signal, and an image pickup element tilting unit that changes the angle of the image pickup surface relative to the optical axis during a period after the first image picking-up and before the second image picking-up.

Abstract: A method of producing a print product comprises: performing digital printing of each surface of the print product, sequentially and repeatedly, on a continuous paper; forming a section by cutting the printing-completed continuous paper into a paper sheet and folding the paper sheet in two; forming a section block by at least one of sections; and folding the section block in two.

Abstract: The present invention provides a viewfinder, characterized by comprising a reflection type display device on which an object image is displayed, an eyepiece optical system having a front group and a rear group, an illumination optical system for illuminating the reflection type display device and an optical device for putting an optical path taken by the illumination optical system over an optical path from said reflection type display device to the eyepiece optical system at a position of the widest of lens-to-lens spaces in the eyepiece optical system. The eyepiece optical system is located between the reflection type display device and an eye point, and satisfies the following condition (1): 0.1<Y/Dm<1??(1) where Dm is the widest lens-to-lens space, and Y is the length of the reflection type display device from the center to one side thereof.

Abstract: An image pickup device includes an image pickup element that receives light of an object image formed by a picture-taking lens; and a focus detection filter section that is so disposed near the image pickup element and on the side of the picture-taking lens as to be able to be inserted or withdrawn. The focus detection filter section, from the side of the picture-taking lens, includes a field diaphragm that includes a plurality of openings; a condenser lens disposed near a focus detection area on the surface of the field diaphragm; a pupil division diaphragm that corresponds to the opening of the field diaphragm and includes a pair of openings arranged at such an interval as to secure focusing accuracy; and a re-imaging lens group that includes a plurality of re-imaging lenses that are so arranged as to correspond to the openings of each of the pupil division diaphragms.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus,includes a computing section which computes a defocus amount which has been estimated,a calculating section which calculates an accuracy of defocus detection, a setting section which sets a correction value from a result of the calculating section, a correcting section which corrects the correction value obtained from the result of the setting section, to reduce an absolute value of the defocus amount which has been estimated, a lens-drive amount calculating section which calculates a lens-drive amount based on a result from the correcting section, and a control section which, at the time of video photography, carries out focusing successively by using the defocus amount and the lens drive amount obtained from the computing section, the calculating section, the setting section, and the correcting section.

Abstract: A digital printing signature production system S comprises: a plurality of digital printing devices D1, D2, D3, and D4, each of the plurality of digital printing devices D1, D2, D3, and D4 including a paper feeding unit 1 configured to supply a continuous paper and digital printing units 3 and 4 configured to perform printing on the continuous paper supplied from the paper feeding unit 1; a continuous paper guide unit L configured to cause printing-completed continuous papers W1, W2, W3, and W4 fed from the plurality of digital printing devices D1, D2, D3, and D4 and each having different content printed thereon to be overlapped such that width direction edges of the printing-completed continuous papers W1, W2, W3, and W4 are aligned, thereby forming a single continuous paper group Wg; and a single folding unit F configured such that the single continuous paper group Wg is guided into the single folding unit F to produce a signature.

Abstract: The invention provides a viewing optical system positioned between a viewing plane as a virtual plane and an eye point. The viewing optical system comprises, in order from the viewing plane side, a cemented lens and a positive lens component, and satisfies the following condition (1). 0.2<Dm/L<0.8??(1) where Dm is the widest of lens-to-lens spaces in the viewing optical system, and L is a distance of said viewing plane to a lens surface positioned in the viewing optical system and nearest to the eye point side.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus in which, a taking lens is installable or fixed, includes an image pickup element in which, pixels having a photoelectric conversion portion are arranged two dimensionally. The pixels include focal-point detection pixels which are arranged to restrict a direction of incidence of a light beam which is incident, and image-pickup pixels which are arranged such that, the direction of incidence of the light beam which is incident is not restricted more than the direction of incidence restricted by the focal-point detection pixel. The focal-point detection pixel outputs at least a signal for ranging, and the image-pickup pixel outputs at least a signal for an image. The image pickup apparatus includes an overflow judging section which judges whether or not the photoelectric conversion portion has overflowed, and a calculating section which calculates an amount of defocus based on a judgment result of the overflow judging section and the signal for ranging.

Abstract: An image pickup system includes an image pickup apparatus in which, photoelectric conversion cells are arranged two-dimensionally, and at least some of the photoelectric conversion cells are arranged to output a signal for detecting an amount of defocus. The photoelectric conversion cells which output the signal for detecting the amount defocus form at least two photoelectric conversion cell groups, each receiving a light beam from a pupil area having different area. Each photoelectric conversion cell group has a plurality of photoelectric conversion cell columns. The image pickup system includes a calculating section which has an AF mode which generates a defocus signal by comparing mutually the signals for detecting the amount of defocus which have been output from the two photoelectric conversion cell groups, and a correction section which corrects the signal for detecting the amount of defocus, from information related to distortion of the taking lens.

Abstract: The image pickup apparatus of the present invention includes: an optical imaging system for forming an object image; an image pickup device including a plurality of pixels that photoelectrically converts the object image; a defocus quantity calculation section for calculating a defocus quantity based on a phase difference between a plurality of signals for focus detection obtained from a plurality of pixels for focus detection that respectively receive a light flux that passes through a different pupil region of the optical imaging system; a focusing section for driving the optical imaging system so as to achieve an in-focus state, in accordance with the defocus quantity calculated at the defocus quantity calculation section; an addition practicability determination section for determining a practicability of performing inter-frame addition on a plurality of signals for focus detection before calculating the defocus quantity, based on an analysis result of a signal component of the object image; and an inter-

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus of the invention includes: an optical imaging system; an image pickup device; a defocus quantity calculation section for calculating a defocus quantity based on a phase difference between signals for focus detection obtained from pixels for focus detection; a high-frequency component quantity detection section for detecting a quantity of high-frequency component contained in a pixel signal outputted from a pixel other than the pixels for focus detection; a region determination section for determining in accordance with which of the defocus quantity and the high-frequency component quantity the optical imaging system is to be driven, according to a detection result of detecting in which of a plurality of divided blocks of the image pickup device an object of interest is present; and a focusing section for driving the optical imaging system in accordance with a determination result of the region determination section.

Abstract: An image pickup element has a plurality of pixels which are arranged two-dimensionally. The plurality of pixels form at least two pixel sets having a first pixel set and a second pixel set. An exit pupil is assumed, and four divided areas which are separated by two straight lines which are mutually orthogonal in a plane which is orthogonal to an optical axis thereof, are set in the exit pupil. Pixels in the first pixel set are arranged to receive a light beam from a first pupil area for which, a center of gravity of area is in one of the four divided areas. For the optical axis, a center of gravity of area of a second pupil area is in a divided area which is symmetrical to a divided area in which the center of gravity of the first pupil area lies. Pixels in the second pixel set are arranged to receive a light beam having a center of gravity of area in the second pupil area.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus includes: an optical imaging system; an image pickup device; a defocus quantity calculation circuit for calculating a defocus quantity based on a phase difference between a plurality of signals for focus detection obtained from a plurality of pixels for focus detection that respectively receive a light flux that has passed through a different pupil region of the optical imaging system; a focusing section for driving the optical imaging system so as to achieve an in-focus state in accordance with the calculated defocus quantity; and a thinning-out circuit for thinning out a plurality of signals for focus detection that are not used for calculating the defocus quantity, based on an analysis result of a signal component of an object image.

Abstract: A wide angle optical system is formed by, in order from the object side, an aperture stop, a first lens with positive refracting power, a second lens with negative refracting power, and a third lens. Both surfaces of the third lens are an aspherical surface in which refracting power varies in accordance with distance from the optical axis in such a way that the both surfaces have a convex shape facing toward the object side in the vicinity of the optical axis and have a concave shape facing toward the object side in the vicinity of the outer circumference, and the following conditions (1) and (2) are satisfied: 0.1<d5/d6<0.65??(1) ?0.04<f/f3<0.04??(2) where d5 is a space distance between the second and third lenses on the optical axis, d6 is the thickness of the third lens on the optical axis, f is a focal length of the whole of the wide optical system, and f3 is a focal length of the third lens.