Abstract: A diversity receiver carries out error detection, error correction, and data detection on each detected data string 21. An output switching unit 17 outputs a decoded data string 24 of a branch selected by a branch selector 16. The branch selector 16 selects a branch of highest priority in priority information 29 from branches of which a data detection signal 25 indicates that the data is valid and of which the number of error symbols 22 coincides with a minimum value. In the priority information 29, higher priority is assigned to a branch that includes an antenna of which the coverage is closer to that of an antenna included in a branch selected at the immediately-previous time. Thus, selected from the plurality of branches having the minimum number of error symbols 22 is the one that includes the antenna of which the coverage is closest to the coverage of the antenna included in the branch selected at the immediately-previous time.

Abstract: A delay section delays a detected signal by less than one bit time in NRZ data. A subtraction section performs subtraction between a delayed signal and the detected signal, and outputs a resultant signal. A clock extraction section extracts, from crossing points of a subtracted signal, crossing points whose time interval is more than or equal to Tb-? and less than or equal to Tb+? (0<??Tb/8, 0<??Tb: Tb is one bit time in the NRZ data), and outputs a synchronous signal synchronized with the extracted crossing point. A clock recovery section synchronizes a clock signal with the phase of the synchronous signal, and outputs a data clock signal. A determination section determines the polarity of the subtracted signal outputted from the subtraction section in accordance with the data clock signal, and outputs the determination result as NRZ data.

Abstract: A detected signal 111 contains a preamble portion which includes symbol alternations, followed by a unique word portion, and a data portion. Each time a symbol alternation is detected, a correction value calculation section 102 averages the phase shift in the detected signal 111 for a predetermined length, thereby calculating a correction value 115. The correction value determination section 103 stores a plurality of correction values 115 in a chronological order. When the unique word portion is detected, the correction value determination section 103 retains, as an effective correction value 118, a correction value which is arrived at by going back a predetermined number of correction values among the stored correction values. A phase rotation section 104 corrects the phase of the detected signal 111 by using an effective correction value 118 calculated by the correction value determination section 103.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a data receiving device enabling reduction in time required for extracting the partial band signal, and capable of being easily made in a simple structure as an LSI device without requiring a plurality of analog circuits having the same characteristics.

Abstract: A diversity receiver carries out error detection, error correction, and data detection on each detected data string 21. An output switching unit 17 outputs a decoded data string 24 of a branch selected by a branch selector 16. The branch selector 16 selects a branch of highest priority in priority information 29 from branches of which a data detection signal 25 indicates that the data is valid and of which the number of error symbols 22 coincides with a minimum value. In the priority information 29, higher priority is assigned to a branch that includes an antenna of which the coverage is closer to that of an antenna included in a branch selected at the immediately-previous time. Thus, selected from the plurality of branches having the minimum number of error symbols 22 is the one that includes the antenna of which the coverage is closest to the coverage of the antenna included in the branch selected at the immediately-previous time.

Abstract: An absorbent composition is produced by drying a mixture obtained by mixing a micro-filler (B) with a hydrogel having a water absorptive resin (A) and water. The hydrogel is produced by performing polymerization to produce the resin (A) and not drying the resin (A) after the polymerization. The absorbent composition has a specific surface area at least 10% lager than that of a reference composition produced by drying the hydrogel without the micro-filler (B).

Abstract: In the transmitter which carries out burst transmission using information data as a packet, if the status is divided into four modes, namely, burst stop mode, burst rising mode, burst continuous mode, and burst falling mode, a waveform shaping equipment designed to read out shaped waveform data for each mode from outputs of either of the two memory tables, the first memory table which holds waveform data for specific data patterns used in common in burst rising mode and burst falling mode and the second memory table which holds waveform data for all data patterns used in the burst continuous mode, or a waveform shaping equipment comprising the third memory table which holds waveform data corresponding to all the data patterns used in the burst rising mode and the fourth memory table which holds waveform data corresponding to all data patterns used in the burst falling mode and generating shaped waveform data by synthesizing the two outputs of the third and the fourth memory tables at the time of burst continu

Abstract: A demodulator 1 obtains demodulated data in a plurality of channels. Estimating portions 2a and 2b estimate and output the numbers of erroneous symbols and error locations thereof in the demodulated data. A data comparator 3 compares the demodulated data corresponding to the error locations with the demodulated data in the corresponding locations in other channels to determine whether the error location is correct, and it outputs a decision signal in response to the determination. A data selector 4 selects one of the demodulated data in the plurality of channels on the basis of the numbers of erroneous symbols and the decision signals and outputs the data as selected data. It is then possible to maintain the reliability of error detection even when a less redundant short error detecting code is used, and also to accurately select a channel of good quality even when the demodulated data in all channels contain the same extent of errors.

Abstract: In the transmitter which carries out burst transmission using information data as a packet, if the status is divided into four modes, namely, burst stop mode, burst rising mode, burst continuous mode, and burst falling mode, a waveform shaping equipment designed to read out shaped waveform data for each mode from outputs of either of the two memory tables, the first memory table which holds waveform data for specific data patterns used in common in burst rising mode and burst falling mode and the second memory table which holds waveform data for all data patterns used in the burst continuous mode, or a waveform shaping equipment comprising the third memory table which holds waveform data corresponding to all the data patterns used in the burst rising mode and the fourth memory table which holds waveform data corresponding to all data patterns used in the burst falling mode and generating shaped waveform data by synthesizing the two outputs of the third and the fourth memory tables at the time of burst continu

Abstract: A radio communication method for transmitting and receiving data between a first terminal and a second terminal comprises the following two steps. A step of establishing a connection between the first terminal and the second terminal when the first terminal and the second terminal have detected that a signal has not been transmitted on a predetermined channel, and the other step of starting data communications between the first terminal and the second terminal which have established the connection, and transmitting the predetermined signal on the predetermined channel from both the first terminal and the second terminal throughout the data communications.

Abstract: A differential detecting apparatus includes samplers 1 and 2, differential detection calculating unit 3, and two post-detection filters 4 and 5. Differential detection calculating unit 3 performs a differential detection with time-division multiplexing on data output from these samplers and alternately outputs a data sequence of a part of cosine component of the phase difference of the modulated signal and a data sequence of the rest of the cosine component. Differential detection calculating unit 3 also alternately outputs a data sequence of a part of sine component of the phase difference and a data sequence of the rest of the sine component. Each of post-detection filters 4 and 5 includes linear interpolating filter 35 and integral filter 36 which are connected in series. The linear interpolating filter 35 obtains a moving average from successive three pieces of input data weighted by 1:2:1 and the integral filter 36 obtains an integral value from successive k pieces of input data.

Abstract: In the transmitter which carries out burst transmission using information data as a packet, if the status is divided into four modes, namely, burst stop mode, burst rising mode, burst continuous mode, and burst falling mode, a waveform shaping equipment designed to read out shaped waveform data for each mode from outputs of either of the two memory tables, the first memory table which holds waveform data for specific data patterns used in common in burst rising mode and burst falling mode and the second memory table which holds waveform data for all data patterns used in the burst continuous mode, or a waveform shaping equipment comprising the third memory table which holds waveform data corresponding to all the data patterns used in the burst rising mode and the fourth memory table which holds waveform data corresponding to all data patterns used in the burst falling mode and generating shaped waveform data by synthesizing the two outputs of the third and the fourth memory tables at the time of burst continu

Abstract: A level detector 2 detects variation of the amplitude of an input signal a to output a level signal b representing HIGH or LOW in order to define the head portion of the input circuit a. A time constant control signal 3 generates a time constant control signal c based on the level signal b to control a time constant of an estimator 4 so as to make the time constant small for a prescribed period from a time when the level signal b varies from HIGH to LOW. The estimator 4 estimates DC offset included in the input signal a with the a time constant variation according to the time constant control signal c to output an estimate d. A compensator 1 subtracts the estimate d from the input signal a to obtain a compensation output. Therefore, in the estimator 4, the speed of estimating the DC offset is different between a period corresponding to the head portion of the input signal a and other periods.

Abstract: A radio communication method for transmitting and receiving data between a first terminal and a second terminal comprises the following two steps. A step of establishing a connection between the first terminal and the second terminal when the first terminal and the second terminal have detected that a signal has not been transmitted on a predetermined channel, and the other step of starting data communications between the first terminal and the second terminal which have established the connection, and transmitting the predetermined signal on the predetermined channel from both the first terminal and the second terminal throughout the data communications.

Abstract: A signal adding device and a differential signal detecting device, wherein the signal adding device adds n input signals using n A/D converters, a selector and a lowpass filter. The n input signals are sampled in sequence by the A/D converter and digitized. Each digitized data is time-division multiplexed by the selector and input to the lowpass filter. The output of the lowpass filter is equal to an added signal of n input signals. The differential signal detecting device detects from inphase and quadrature-phase baseband signals the sine and cosine components of a phase difference at two instants of the phase-modulated signal. Two A/D converters digitize and convert the inphase and quadrature-phase baseband signals to inphase data and quadrature-phase data at predetermined intervals. A cosine component calculating unit calculates the cosine component by alternately selecting the inphase data and the quadrature-phase data.

Abstract: A time window detection portion 3a outputs a time window detection pulse from a time window signal generated in a time window generating portion 2a and a zero-cross detection pulse detected in a zero-cross detection portion 1a. First and second phase storage portions 4a and 5a store output phase values of a phase counter 22 for different times as first and second phase values, respectively. A center phase computing portion 6a computes a first center phase value from the first and second phase values and a center phase storage portion 7a stores the first center phase value of the last time as a second center phase value. An approximation detection portion 8a determines whether the first and second center phase values are approximate or not and outputs an approximation detection pulse when they approximate.

Abstract: An antenna switched diversity receiver comprising a plurality of physically separated antennas, a switching unit for selectively switching to one of the plurality of antennas to receive a burst in a time series, a decoding unit for decoding transmission data contained in the received burst in a reversed manner to coding, a bit-error-detecting unit for detecting a bit error in decoded data in each received burst, and a control unit for controlling the switching unit in accordance with the bit-error detection result. The receiver may additionally include a RSSI (received signal strength indicator) checking unit for checking a RSSI of a switched antenna and a RSSI holding unit for holding a RSSI. The receiver constructed as above controls switching based on detection of at least one bit error in each of m consecutive bursts burst alone or together with the RSSI. As a result, the receiver obtains excellent diversity effect while being compact and economical.

Abstract: A data transmitting and receiving apparatus is disclosed. The receiving apparatus receives a spread spectrum signal prepared by modulating a carrier wave with data to produce a data modulated signal and multiplying the data modulated signal with a spreading signal which has a bandwidth greater than that of the data modulated signal. The receiving apparatus may include three bandpass filters for passing three different band portions of a full band of the spread spectrum signal and producing an intermediate signal, and a detector for detecting data from the intermediate signal and for producing a detector output. The apparatus may also include a reception state evaluation device for detecting the current reception state of the detector and for producing a poor reception signal, when the detector is in a poor reception state. The poor reception signal is used for changing from a current band to another band.

Abstract: A digital signal transmission device for transmitting a signal generated by modulating a carrier wave according to a binary or M-ary data sequence. Such device comprises a differentially encoding unit for converting the original data sequence into a transmission data sequence, a waveform generation unit for.degree. generating a phase transition waveform in each time slot which corresponds to each data included in the transmission data sequence, and a modulation unit for modulating the carrier wave according to a signal which has the phase transition waveform generated by the waveform generation unit. The information to be transmitted is present in a difference between two data which are spaced form each other by a prescribed time slots.

Abstract: A transceiver for transmitting and receiving a signal having the same frequency according to a time-division includes a local oscillator for generating a local signal having a first frequency, a frequency converter for converting the local signal into a carrier signal, a modulator for modulating the carrier signal by using a transmitting baseband signal so as to generate a transmitting signal having a second frequency and a receiving section for receiving a receiving signal having the second frequency which is the same as that of the transmitting signal. The frequency convertor includes a fractional frequency convertor for converting a signal having an input frequency into a signal having an output frequency. Wherein, the output frequency is n.sub.2 /n.sub.1 times the input frequency, where n.sub.1 is an integer greater than 2, n.sub.2 is an integer greater than 1, n.sub.1 and n.sub.