Abstract: A communication device comprises a receiver including at least two receive antennas and configured to receive at least one reference signal of a plurality of reference signals, each reference signal being transmitted from at least one base station at a predefined reference signal transmission time; a controller configured to switch between at least two receive configurations of the at least two antennas during a reception period of the at least one reference signal; and a signal quality determiner configured to determine a parameter indicative of a first signal quality of the received reference signal for each receive configuration.

Abstract: Some aspects relate to apparatuses and methods for selecting a receiving beam based on hybrid channel based beamforming and codebook based beamforming. A user equipment (UE) can determine, based on a first measurement related to signal to noise ratio (SNR) and predetermined threshold values, whether the UE is in a low SNR state. If the UE is in a low SRN state, the UE can derive an estimated channel covariance matrix RCH for channels at a set of antenna elements of the UE based on channel based bearmforming (CHBF). Afterwards, a set of test bears {0, . . . Ntest?1} is selected based on the channel covariance matrix RCH, and a set of codebook measurement beams is further selected based on the set of test beams. A receiving beam is selected based on a set of measurements performed on the set of codebook measurement beams at the measurement opportunity for codebook based beamforming (CBBF).

Abstract: A solar cell module, having at least four module segments and a plurality of bypass elements. Each module segment includes at least two solar cell strings connected in parallel and each string includes multiple solar cells connected in series and the four module segments are connected in series. The second and third module segments are connected in series between first and fourth module segments and the four module segments are arranged in two parallel series, having a first series which includes the first and the second module segment and a second series which includes the third and the fourth module segment. A first bypass element is connected in parallel to the first module segment, a second bypass element is connected in parallel to the second and third module segments connected in series, and a third bypass element is connected in parallel to the fourth module segment.

Abstract: Some aspects relate to apparatuses and methods for selecting a receiving beam based on hybrid channel based beamforming and codebook based beamforming. A user equipment (UE) can determine, based on a first measurement related to signal to noise ratio (SNR) and predetermined threshold values, whether the UE is in a low SNR state. If the UE is in a low SRN state, the UE can derive an estimated channel covariance matrix RCH for channels at a set of antenna elements of the UE based on channel based beamforming (CHBF). Afterwards, a set of test beams {0, . . . Ntest?1} is selected based on the channel covariance matrix RCH, and a set of codebook measurement beams is further selected based on the set of test beams. A receiving beam is selected based on a set of measurements performed on the set of codebook measurement beams at the measurement opportunity for codebook based beamforming (CBBF).

Abstract: A communication device comprises a receiver including at least two receive antennas and configured to receive at least one reference signal of a plurality of reference signals, each reference signal being transmitted from at least one base station at a predefined reference signal transmission time; a controller configured to switch between at least two receive configurations of the at least two antennas during a reception period of the at least one reference signal; and a signal quality determiner configured to determine a parameter indicative of a first signal quality of the received reference signal for each receive configuration.

Abstract: Some aspects relate to apparatuses and methods for selecting a receiving beam based on hybrid channel based beamforming and codebook based beamforming. A user equipment (UE) can determine, based on a first measurement related to signal to noise ratio (SNR) and predetermined threshold values, whether the UE is in a low SNR state. If the UE is in a low SRN state, the UE can derive an estimated channel covariance matrix RCH for channels at a set of antenna elements of the UE based on channel based beamforming (CHBF). Afterwards, a set of test beams {0, . . . Ntest?1} is selected based on the channel covariance matrix RCH, and a set of codebook measurement beams is further selected based on the set of test beams. A receiving beam is selected based on a set of measurements performed on the set of codebook measurement beams at the measurement opportunity for codebook based beamforming (CBBF).

Abstract: A communication device comprises a receiver including at least two receive antennas and configured to receive at least one reference signal of a plurality of reference signals, each reference signal being transmitted from at least one base station at a predefined reference signal transmission time; a controller configured to switch between at least two receive configurations of the at least two antennas during a reception period of the at least one reference signal; and a signal quality determiner configured to determine a parameter indicative of a first signal quality of the received reference signal for each receive configuration.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an antenna array circuitry for analog beamforming, the antenna array circuitry comprising: a plurality of antenna elements, wherein each antenna element is configured to receive a respective analog signal (r(1,t), r(2,t), r(N,t)), wherein the plurality of antenna elements is adjustable based on a code-word, wherein the code-word comprises respective phase configurations (?p(1), ?p(2), ?p(N)) of the plurality of antenna elements, wherein the code-word is based on a superposition of a predetermined set of basic code-words, wherein each basic code-word associates with a corresponding sub-beam, wherein a main radiation lobe of the corresponding sub-beam points in a predefined spatial direction.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for communicating in a wireless network including apparatus comprising transceiver circuitry to send and receive data in a plurality of time periods, defined by a time division duplex (TDD) time grid, to another entity, the plurality of time periods corresponding to a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols and the transceiver circuitry being operable to switch from receive mode to transmit mode and/or from transmit mode to receive mode according to a flexible uplink and downlink allocation of the plurality of time periods; and baseband circuitry coupled to the transceiver circuitry to control the transceiver circuitry to switch during a switching interval embedded within a time period corresponding to an OFDM symbol of the plurality of OFDM symbols.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an antenna array circuitry for analog beamforming, the antenna array circuitry comprising: a plurality of antenna elements, wherein each antenna element is configured to receive a respective analog signal (r(1,t), r(2,t), r(N,t)), wherein the plurality of antenna elements is adjustable based on a code-word, wherein the code-word comprises respective phase configurations (?p(1), ?p(2), ?p(N)) of the plurality of antenna elements, wherein the code-word is based on a superposition of a predetermined set of basic code-words, wherein each basic code-word associates with a corresponding sub-beam, wherein a main radiation lobe of the corresponding sub-beam points in a predefined spatial direction.

Abstract: A wireless device includes a digital receiver configured to receive data via an antenna array, and to determine a load metric based on a load of subcarriers around reference subcarrier signals of a reference signal, and a controller configured to compare the load metric to a load threshold to determine whether the load of the subcarriers is less than a predefined level, and if the load of the subcarriers is less than the predefined level, identify at least one time point where the reference signal repeats itself during a symbol period, and control the antenna array to switch among the plurality of antenna beamforming patterns based on the at least one time point.

Abstract: An apparatus, a system and a method use a class of dynamic switching mechanisms with multiple HARQ block sizes to reduce HARQ retransmission overhead while limiting the increase of HARQ ACK feedback overhead. The apparatus includes a first processing unit configured to estimate an intra-subframe fluctuation level of per-codeblock errors; a second processing unit configured to: map the intra-subframe fluctuation level to a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) block size; determine a HARQ acknowledgement (ACK) format based at least in part on the HARQ block size; indicate the selected HARQ block size to a data transmitter; and generate a HARQ ACK. Per-code block link adaptation can be used to support multiple MCSs for a single user in each subframe with fine time-frequency granularity, with low-bandwidth signaling overhead and without a complete dependency on reference signal (RS) structure.

Abstract: A wireless device includes a digital receiver configured to receive data via an antenna array, and to determine a load metric based on a load of subcarriers around reference subcarrier signals of a reference signal, and a controller configured to compare the load metric to a load threshold to determine whether the load of the subcarriers is less than a predefined level, and if the load of the subcarriers is less than the predefined level, identify at least one time point where the reference signal repeats itself during a symbol period, and control the antenna array to switch among the plurality of antenna beamforming patterns based on the at least one time point.

Abstract: A communication device comprises a receiver including at least two receive antennas and configured to receive at least one reference signal of a plurality of reference signals, each reference signal being transmitted from at least one base station at a predefined reference signal transmission time; a controller configured to switch between at least two receive configurations of the at least two antennas during a reception period of the at least one reference signal; and a signal quality determiner configured to determine a parameter indicative of a first signal quality of the received reference signal for each receive configuration.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for communicating in a wireless network including apparatus comprising transceiver circuitry to send and receive data in a plurality of time periods, defined by a time division duplex (TDD) time grid, to another entity, the plurality of time periods corresponding to a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols and the transceiver circuitry being operable to switch from receive mode to transmit mode and/or from transmit mode to receive mode according to a flexible uplink and downlink allocation of the plurality of time periods; and baseband circuitry coupled to the transceiver circuitry to control the transceiver circuitry to switch during a switching interval embedded within a time period corresponding to an OFDM symbol of the plurality of OFDM symbols.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for receive beam-forming in an analog domain. A user equipment may perform channel estimation for obtaining a set of channel responses for a plurality of antennas of the UE. The UE may determine a beamforming codeword for receive beamforming based on the set of channel responses. The UE may apply a training codeword to the received signal in analog domain. The training codeword includes phase adjustment coefficients for each antenna and a different training codeword may be applied for each channel observation. The UE may measure a metric for at least one candidate codeword based on the set of channel responses and determine the beamforming codeword based on the metric.

Abstract: A scheduling device for scheduling an allocation of a set of link resources includes: a prediction circuit configured to generate a predicted link quality for a first link resource of the set of link resources; a classification circuit configured to classify the first link resource to a classification pattern based on the predicted link quality of the first link resource; and an allocation circuit configured to allocate the first link resource to a first transmission or retransmission subframe set based on the classification pattern.

Abstract: Examples provide a determination circuit and apparatus, a mobile transceiver, a communication device, a method for determining, a computer program and a storage to determine a spatial transmission or reception mode. The determination circuit (10) is configured to determine a spatial transmission or reception mode for a mobile transceiver (100). The determination circuit (10) comprises at least one sensor (12) configured to sense attenuating object information, and a control module (14) configured to determine the spatial transmission or reception mode based on the sensed attenuating object information. The control module (14) is configured to control the spatial transmission or reception mode of the mobile transceiver (100).

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for communicating in a wireless network including apparatus comprising transceiver circuitry to send and receive data in a plurality of time periods, defined by a time division duplex (TDD) time grid, to another entity, the plurality of time periods corresponding to a plurality of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols and the transceiver circuitry being operable to switch from receive mode to transmit mode and/or from transmit mode to receive mode according to a flexible uplink and downlink allocation of the plurality of time periods; and baseband circuitry coupled to the transceiver circuitry to control the transceiver circuitry to switch during a switching interval embedded within a time period corresponding to an OFDM symbol of the plurality of OFDM symbols.

Abstract: A method (300) for determining channel state information includes: receiving (301) a downlink signal, wherein the downlink signal comprises a transport block comprising a plurality of code blocks, each code block of the plurality of code blocks comprising a plurality of resource elements; determining (302) a worst case code block of the plurality of code blocks based on at least one of noise or interference experienced by the plurality of resource elements of the respective code blocks; and determining (303) a metric indicative of a channel state information based on the worst case code block.