Abstract: A computer-implemented method and an electronic device for detecting, in an electrical circuit with electrical components (Mg) subject to variations (?) of their model parameters (xj), those components (Mg*) the model parameter variations (?) of which have the strongest influence on a performance (yn) of the circuit, comprising: providing a topology (Q) of the circuit and the model parameters (xj) of all components (Mg) therein; determining, therefrom, topological patterns (Pk) of interconnected components (Mg); generating variation samples (vn), each comprising a different set of candidate variations (x?j) of the model parameters (xj); calculating, for each variation sample (vn), the circuit's performance (yn) and a deviation from a standard performance and forming a deviation vector (yD) therefrom; and using the variation samples (vn), the deviation vector (yD) and the topological patterns (Pk) in a regression model for detecting the most influential components (Mg*).

Abstract: A vibration absorber for reducing vibrations of a structure comprises a rigid solid body providing an absorber mass, and two spring elements for elastically coupling the absorber mass to the structure. The spring elements are arranged at opposing ends of the absorber mass, and each of the two spring elements comprises a tube-shaped section made of elastomeric material which is positively connected to the rigid solid body and which extends away from the rigid solid body up to a fixation contour at its outer circumference. Each of the fixation contours is configured for fixation in an opening of a mounting base of the structure. A pin-shaped amplitude delimiter which is part of the rigid solid body is arranged in each of the two tube-shaped sections for delimiting amplitudes of deflections of the absorber mass with regard to the structure.

Abstract: A vibration absorber for reducing vibrations of a structure comprises a rigid solid body providing an absorber mass, and two spring elements for elastically coupling the absorber mass to the structure. The spring elements are arranged at opposing ends of the absorber mass, and each of the two spring elements comprises a tube-shaped section made of elastomeric material which is positively connected to the rigid solid body and which extends away from the rigid solid body up to a fixation contour at its outer circumference. Each of the fixation contours is configured for fixation in an opening of a mounting base of the structure. A pin-shaped amplitude delimiter which is part of the rigid solid body is arranged in each of the two tube-shaped sections for delimiting amplitudes of deflections of the absorber mass with regard to the structure.

Abstract: An elastic loop 1 is provided for suspending an exhaust system of a motor vehicle at a vehicle floor of the motor vehicle. The elastic loop 1 has a basic body 4 made of an elastomeric material 5, the basic body 4 enclosing two receiving eyes 6 and 7, one of which being provided for receiving a supporting part, and the other of which being provided for receiving a part to be supported, and the basic body 4 comprising at least two elastic supporting bands 8 and 9 which run from the one receiving eye 6 to the other receiving eye 7 in a main plane of extension and operation of the loop. Further, the elastic loop 1 has a ring 21 enclosing the basic body 4 in the main plane, the ring 21 being a pre-cut piece 24 of a ribbon 20 which is continuously woven in consecutive one-layer and two-layer areas, i.e. once in a single closed layer and once in two separate layers, the pre-cut piece 24 including an entire two-layer area and at least parts of both adjacent one-layer areas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a monolithically integrated vertical pin photodiode which is produced according to BiCMOS technology and comprises a planar surface facing the light and a rear face and anode connections located across p areas on a top face of the photodiode. An i-zone of the pin photodiode is formed by combining a low doped first p-epitaxial layer, which has maximum thickness and doping concentration, placed upon a particularly high doped p substrate, with a low doped second n? epitaxial layer that borders the first layer, and n+ cathode of the pin photodiode being integrated into the second layer. The p areas delimit the second n epitaxial layer in a latent direction while another anode connecting area of the pin diode is provided on the rear face in addition to the anode connection.

Abstract: An elastic loop 1 is provided for suspending an exhaust system of a motor vehicle at a vehicle floor of the motor vehicle. The elastic loop 1 has a basic body 4 made of an elastomeric material 5, the basic body 4 enclosing two receiving eyes 6 and 7, one of which being provided for receiving a supporting part, and the other of which being provided for receiving a part to be supported, and the basic body 4 comprising at least two elastic supporting bands 8 and 9 which run from the one receiving eye 6 to the other receiving eye 7 in a main plane of extension and operation of the loop. Further, the elastic loop 1 has a ring 21 enclosing the basic body 4 in the main plane, the ring 21 being a pre-cut piece 24 of a ribbon 20 which is continuously woven in consecutive one-layer and two-layer areas, i.e. once in a single closed layer and once in two separate layers, the pre-cut piece 24 including an entire two-layer area and at least parts of both adjacent one-layer areas.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical fiber receiver (11) for optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEIC's) having an improved sensitivity and improved bandwidth. The improvements are achieved by subdividing the photodiodes into partial photodiodes (D1, D2), whereby each partial photodiode is connected to a respective transimpedance amplifier (20, 21), and the output signals of the individual transimpedance amplifiers are added inside a summation amplifier (30). The optical fiber received can be produced using different technologies: CMOS, BICMOS, BIPOLAR.

Abstract: A process for preparing phthalides of the general formula I, ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, by hydrogenating phthalic anhydrides of the general formula II, ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each as defined above, with hydrogen in the presence of suspended catalysts of the Raney type in a hydrogenation apparatus by using a mixing apparatus to mix a liquid phase, which includes the catalyst and the phthalic anhydride used and resulting phthalide, and a gas phase, which includes the hydrogenating hydrogen, comprises using the mixing apparatus to introduce a mixing intensity of at least 50 W/l into the liquid phase.

Abstract: A shaftless rotary printing press includes a plurality of individually driven printing stations and at least one separately driven folding unit. The drives which work with one folding unit in one rotation are connected to a drive control unit by a control and parameterization bus and to a device for generating a setpoint and a synchronization signal by means of a parallel synchronization bus, and the drives are each connected to the synchronization bus, which is designed as a ring bus by a bus interface. This yields a rotary printing press without shafting which is so flexible that its printing stations can be synchronized with any desired folding unit from one production to another simply and inexpensively.

Abstract: A process for preparing N-methyl-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-ethylamine comprises hydrogenating 3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetonitrile with a methylamine of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, benzyl or tert-butyl, and hydrogen in the presence of a supported catalyst which comprises from 0.05 to 50% by weight of copper chromite, copper, silver, gold, iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum or mixtures thereof, in the presence or absence of water at from 20.degree. to 200.degree. C. under from 1 to 300 bar.

Abstract: Catalysts consisting of from 85 to 100 wt % of copper oxide and zirconium oxide and from 15 to 0 wt % of metal oxides of the subgroups Ib to VIIb and VIII of the Periodic Table and a process for the preparation of amines from nitriles and nitrogen compounds selected from the group comprising ammonia and primary and secondary amines, at temperatures of from 80.degree. to 250.degree. C. and pressures of from 1 to 400 bar using hydrogen in the presence of said catalysts.

Abstract: A telescopic rod with a plurality of tubular rod sections which are mounted so as to be slidable within each other, and with a multistage piston-cylinder unit arranged within the telescopic rod. The multistage piston-cylinder unit is connected, on the one hand, to the outermost rod section of the telescopic rod and, on the other hand, to the last inner rod section of the telescopic rod. Radially adjustable abutments are provided on the inner base portions of at least some of the rod sections, wherein the abutments are directed toward the outer surfaces of the extended stages of the piston-cylinder unit and can be placed in contact with the outer surfaces. Stationary abutments may be arranged on the first and last rod sections of the row of rod sections of the telescopic rod, wherein the stationary abutments are arranged adjacent the outer surfaces of the corresponding stages of the piston-cylinder unit when the piston-cylinder unit is extended.

Abstract: A telescopic rod composed of a plurality of tubular rod sections which are mounted so as to be slidable within each other includes a multistage piston-cylinder unit which is arranged within the telescopic rod and is connected to the outermost rod section of the telescopic rod and to the last inner rod section of the telescopic rod. Locking bars are provided in the areas of the inner end faces of individual sections, wherein the locking bars are displaceable in a direction transversely of the longitudinal direction of the rod sections and wherein the locking bars can be placed in operative engagement with the respectively adjacent outer rod section. When the rod sections of the telescopic rod are in the extended end position, the locking bar of each inner rod section engages in a positively locking manner in an opening of the respectively outer adjacent rod section. Spring-biased clamps are provided on the outer sides of the rod sections located between the outermost rod section and the innermost rod section.

Abstract: A shock-absorbing strut in which fluid passages extend through the strut to communicate with a hydraulic wheel drive of the wheel assembly to which a movable part of the strut is affixed. Telescoping connectors are provided between the outer guide housing affixed to the vehicle frame and a revolving joint in the axially movable support element and compensating cylinders are provided to balance the hydraulic pressure on the revolving joint resulting from the pressure in the telescoping connectors of the oil feed to the wheel drive.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of peralkylated amines of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 denote C.sub.1 -C.sub.200 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.20 alkylcycloalkyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.20 cycloalkylalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 alkoxyalkyl, aryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 alkylaryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 aralkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 hydroxyalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 mercaptoalkyl, C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 phenoxyalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 aminoalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 (NHR.sup.4)alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 (NR.sup.4 R.sup.5)alkyl or together form a saturated or unsaturated C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkylene chain optionally mono- to tri-substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl and optionally interrupted by oxygen or nitrogenX denotes a C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 alkylene or C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 alkenylene or C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 cycloalkylene chain optionally mono- to penta-substituted by R.sup.3, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 dialkylamino, phenoxy, diphenylamino and/or C.sub.2 -C.sub.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of tetrahydrofuran or tetrahydrofuran and .gamma.-butyrolactone from the product of the hydrogenation of maleic acid, succinic acid, maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride and/or fumaric acid, by treating the crude hydrogenation product, without prior work-up, at from 100.degree. to 300.degree. C. with a protic acid, and isolating pure tetrahydrofuran and .gamma.-butyrolactone from the resultant reaction mixture by distillation.

Abstract: The preparation of pyrocatechol monoethers or pyrocatechols of the formula Ia or Ib respectively ##STR1## ( R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 =H or C.sub.1 --C.sub.8 -hydrocarbon radicals; R.sup.3 =C.sub.1 --C.sub.8 -hydrocarbon radical ) by rearranging a 2-hydroxycyclohexanone dialkyl ketal II ##STR2## a) in the gas phase in the presence of a platinmetal or in the presence of a compound of one of these metals as catalyst in order to obtain a compound Ia, orb) carrying out step a) in the presence of water in order to obtain a compound Ib. The products are used as intermediates in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, fragrances and flavors.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of phthalides of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently of one another, are hydrogen, C.sub.1 - to C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 - to C.sub.4 -alkoxy, by reacting phthalic anhydrides of the formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are as defined as above, on hydrogenation catalysts at from 50.degree. to 400.degree. C. and at from 1 to 400 bar, wherein the hydrogenation catalysts employed are essentially free from Lewis acids.

Abstract: A chassis for endless track-type vehicles has on both sides thereof pairs of support beams which extend parallel to each other and project horizontally from the chassis. Crawler track supports are mounted on the support beams. The crawler track supports are slidably mounted relative to the support beams in order to change the width of the vehicle. At the free outer end of each support beam are provided arms which are swingable about vertical axes. The circumferential contour or width of the arms corresponds in an upper and/or lower portion thereof to that of the support beam. The arms can be swung into a position in which they extend in the same direction as the support beams. In this position, the arms can be locked relative to the support beam. The swinging angle of the arms is approximately 90.degree..

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 4-hydroxymethyltetrahydropyrans of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogen, C.sub.1 - to C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.3 - to C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, aryl or C.sub.7 - to C.sub.20 -aralkyl, comprises reacting a tetrahydropyrancarboxylic ester of the formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are as defined above, and R.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 - to C.sub.12 -alkyl, at from 50.degree. to 400.degree. C. and at from 1 to 400 bar in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst.