Abstract: A semiconductor device includes; a substrate including an active pattern, a channel pattern and a source/drain pattern on the active pattern, wherein the channel pattern is connected to the source/drain pattern, a gate electrode on the channel pattern, and a gate contact connected to a top surface of the gate electrode, wherein the gate contact includes a capping layer directly contacting the top surface of the gate electrode and a metal layer on the capping layer, wherein the capping layer and the metal layer include the same metal, a concentration of oxygen in the metal layer ranges from between about 2 at % to about 10 at %, and a maximum concentration of oxygen in the capping layer ranges from between about 15 at % to about 30 at %.

Abstract: A display device includes an active layer in a display area, a first gate insulation layer on the active layer, a first gate line on the first gate insulation layer in the display area, a first signal line in the same layer as the first gate line in a non-display area and including the same material as that of the first gate line including molybdenum, a second gate insulation layer on the first gate line and the first signal line, a second gate line on the second gate insulation layer in the display area, and a second signal line in the same layer as the second gate line in the non-display area and including the same material as that of the second gate line including aluminum or an aluminum alloy. A width of the first signal line is greater than a width of the second signal line.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a conductive region disposed on a substrate, an insulating structure including a contact hole disposed in the conductive region and extending from the conductive region in a vertical direction, a local capping pattern having an outer sidewall in contact with an upper portion of an inner wall of the contact hole and an inner sidewall facing an inside of the contact hole and having a width gradually increasing in a horizontal direction away from the substrate, and a conductive plug passing through the insulating structure through the contact hole in the vertical direction, having a lower sidewall in contact with the insulating structure and an upper sidewall in contact with the local capping pattern, and including a first metal.

Abstract: An address translation cache (ATC) is configured to store translation entries indicating mapping information between a virtual address and a physical address of a memory device. The ATC includes a plurality flexible page group caches, a shared cache and a cache manager. Each flexible page group cache stores translation entries corresponding to a page size allocated to the flexible group cache. The shared cache stores, regardless of page sizes, translation entries that are not stored in the plurality of flexible page group caches. The cache manager allocates a page size to each flexible page group cache, manages cache page information on the page sizes allocated to the plurality of flexible page group caches, and controls the plurality of flexible page group caches and the shared cache based on the cache page information.

Abstract: A method and electronic device for a vehicle are disclosed herein. The electronic device is mounted in the vehicle and includes a display, a memory storing voice commands, and a processor. The processor implements the method, including: obtaining at least one of vehicle driving information, occupant information, or display output information, generating one or more short commands by shortening one or more of the voice commands, based on the obtained at least one of the vehicle driving information, the occupant information and the display output information, and controlling the display to display one or more voice command guidance user interface (UI) displaying the one or more short commands.

Abstract: A display device includes an active layer in a display area, a first gate insulation layer on the active layer, a first gate line on the first gate insulation layer in the display area, a first signal line in the same layer as the first gate line in a non-display area and including the same material as that of the first gate line including molybdenum, a second gate insulation layer on the first gate line and the first signal line, a second gate line on the second gate insulation layer in the display area, and a second signal line in the same layer as the second gate line in the non-display area and including the same material as that of the second gate line including aluminum or an aluminum alloy. A width of the first signal line is greater than a width of the second signal line.

Abstract: An electronic device and method are disclosed. The electronic device includes a communication interface, a microphone, a speaker, a processor and a memory. The processor executes the method, including receiving a first message through a communication interface from an external device, in response to receiving a first user input associated with the first message through an input interface including a microphone, converting first text included in the first message into speech, outputting the speech through an output interface of the electronic device including a speaker, determining whether to execute an additional operation associated with the first message, based on at least one of a state of the first electronic device, the first message, and a second user input received via the microphone, and initiate a conversational mode for executing the additional operation based at least partly on the determination.

Abstract: An electronic device and method are disclosed. The electronic device includes a communication interface, a microphone, a speaker, a processor and a memory. The processor executes the method, including receiving a first message through a communication interface from an external device, in response to receiving a first user input associated with the first message through an input interface including a microphone, converting first text included in the first message into speech, outputting the speech through an output interface of the electronic device including a speaker, determining whether to execute an additional operation associated with the first message, based on at least one of a state of the first electronic device, the first message, and a second user input received via the microphone, and initiate a conversational mode for executing the additional operation based at least partly on the determination.

Abstract: A method for a multi-path source routing in a sensor network. In the sensor network including a sink node and a plurality of sensor nodes, the sensor network transmits data packets through a downlink route set based on a routing table generated by collecting uplink neighbor information of each sensor node from a control message for initializing a network and an uplink route formed by using uplink neighbors of each sensor node. Uplink neighbors for transmitting data from each sensor node to the sink node by performing a network initialization process and acquires the information in the sink node to generate the multi-path is maintained. As a result, it has advantages of reducing a control message overhead while using the multi-path and increasing scalability and energy efficiency by keeping a routing table small in the sensor node regardless of the size of the network.