Abstract: Golf bag and shoulder strap comprising: elongated tubular body for holding golf clubs; shoulder strap assembly comprising a pre-curved strap pad having a first end, a second end, and being configured to slidably receive a strap; the strap having a first strap end and a second strap end, each attached to the elongated tubular body; the pre-curved strap pad being positioned in a predetermined location on a wearer's front, shoulder and back when the golf bag is mounted on the wearer. Strap may be slidably received within a buckle and either (i) an interior channel that extends within the pre-curved strap pad between the first end and the second end; or (ii) slots and/or tabs that are positioned along a top exterior portion of the pre-curved strap pad that does not contact the wearer's front, shoulder and back when the golf bag is mounted on the wearer.

Abstract: A golf bag having an improved base is provided. The golf bag is durable, lightweight, comfortable to carry, and easy to use. The base is made of a composite sheet material, preferably a self-reinforced polymer composite sheet material that has been thermoformed. Materials made of thermoplastic polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyoxymethylene, and polyester can be processed under precise temperature and pressure conditions to form the self-reinforced polymer composite sheet material.

Abstract: A pigment comprising a plurality of photonic crystal particles dispersed in a medium, each photonic crystal particles containing a plurality of spectrally selective absorbing components dispersed within each photonic crystal particle that selectively absorb electromagnetic radiation without substantially absorbing electromagnetic radiation near a resonant wavelength of each photonic crystal particle, wherein each photonic crystal particle has a predetermined minimum number of repeat units of a photonic crystal structure, wherein the predetermined minimum number of repeat units is related to the resonant wavelength, the full-width at half maximum of the resonant wavelength, and the refractive index contrast in the photonic crystal.

Abstract: A structurally colored pigment is described that contains a plurality of photonic crystal particles dispersed in a medium, where each photonic crystal particles contains a plurality of spectrally selective absorbing components dispersed within the photonic crystal particle. In certain embodiments, each photonic crystal particle has a predetermined minimum number of repeat units of the photonic crystal structure. The structurally colored material provides improved reflectance, long-term stability, and control of the desired optical effects. The fabrication techniques described herein also provide high throughput and high yield allowing use in wide ranging applications from cosmetics, paints, signs, sensors, to packaging material.

Abstract: A testing apparatus includes a chamber. The chamber includes a holder configured to position a container. The chamber includes a first input device and a second input device, each partially outside the chamber and configured to: generate a first image of the container and generate a second image of the container. The chamber includes a first light source configured to illuminate the container for the first image. The chamber includes a second light source configured to illuminate the container for the second image.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to golf bags having a top frame (cuff) with club dividers for storing and organizing the clubs in different compartments. The club dividers are preferably made of a cord material. The walls of the top frame can be made of a lightweight metal and can have a sidewall, open loop, closed loop, or other structure. The lightweight top frame assembly can have handle and leg sub-assemblies. Three-dimensional printing methods can be used to form various structures in the top frame. The golf bag of this invention is durable, lightweight, comfortable to carry, and easy to use.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to golf bags having a lightweight and durable top frame can be made of a lightweight metal and can have different structures. For example, the top frame can have sidewall, open loop, closed loop, or other configurations. The lightweight top frame assembly can have handle and leg sub-assemblies. Three-dimensional printing methods can be used to form structures in the top frame having various shapes and geometric patterns, for example lattice having a top frame (cuff) with club dividers. The walls of the top cuff can be made of a lightweight metal and can have a sidewall, open loop, closed loop, or other structure. The top cuff includes club dividers for storing and organizing the clubs in different compartments. The club dividers can be made of a cord material. The golf bag of this invention is durable, lightweight, comfortable to carry, and easy to use.

Abstract: Systems and methods for testing a test sample obtain a first image of the test sample via a first input device. The first input device is a primary camera configured to capture the first image while a plurality of light sources illuminate the test sample. The first image is sent from the first input device to a control panel. The control panel is used to label a plurality of layers on the first image. A water cut of the test sample is determined based on labeling of plurality of layers of the first image.

Abstract: Golf bag having elongated tubular body and shoulder strap assembly comprising first and second straps, each having first and second ends; and bridge member having first and second ends and being disposed undetachably between second end of first strap and second end of second strap; the elongated tubular body configured to be detachably adjoined to first end of first strap, first end of second strap, second end of first strap, and second end of second strap. Strap may have a first section, second section and third section that are configured to be adjacent the wearer's front, shoulder, and back, respectively; third section has curve with upper portion extending vertically with respect to wearer and lower portion extending horizontally with respect to wearer. A concave radius rcc can extend from strap first end to approximate the second end; wherein rcc>a convex radius rcv at the strap second end.

Abstract: Golf bag and shoulder strap comprising: elongated tubular body for holding golf clubs; shoulder strap assembly comprising a pre-curved strap pad having a first end, a second end, and being configured to slidably receive a strap; the strap having a first strap end and a second strap end, each attached to the elongated tubular body; the pre-curved strap pad being positioned in a predetermined location on a wearer's front, shoulder and back when the golf bag is mounted on the wearer. Strap may be slidably received within a buckle and either (i) an interior channel that extends within the pre-curved strap pad between the first end and the second end; or (ii) slots and/or tabs that are positioned along a top exterior portion of the pre-curved strap pad that does not contact the wearer's front, shoulder and back when the golf bag is mounted on the wearer.

Abstract: A method of making a multi-layered film includes depositing thin film layers onto a first side of a double-sided transparent substrate. The thin film layers are transparent, and two adjacent layers of said plurality of thin film layers have different refractive indices. One or more absorbers are deposited at an interface formed between two of the thin film layers that are adjacent to one another, or formed by the first side of the substrate and one of the thin film layers. The absorbers absorb selected wavelengths of incident light and reflect part of the incident light after inducing a phase shift. The location of the interface is selected to provide desired wavelengths of absorbed and reflected light. The multi-layered film has a first appearance when viewed from the first side of the substrate and a second appearance when viewed from the second side of the substrate.