Abstract: Methods of making safe extracts of Curcuma longa L. are provided. The processes provided include methods that use an extraction solvent that is at least substantially non-toxic and useful also as a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in liquid dosage forms. The processes can produce a significantly higher yield from a single extraction than the state-of-the-art processes. For example, liquid dosage forms can be produced directly from the extraction process without requiring removal of the extraction solvent, reducing complexity and cost of processing over the state-of-the-art. Methods of making microemulsions and nanoemulsions are also provided to enhance the bioavailability and stability of the extracts.

Abstract: Methods of making safe extracts of Curcuma longa L. are provided. The processes provided include methods that use an extraction solvent that is at least substantially non-toxic and useful also as a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in liquid dosage forms. The processes can produce a significantly higher yield from a single extraction than the state-of-the-art processes. For example, liquid dosage forms can be produced directly from the extraction process without requiring removal of the extraction solvent, reducing complexity and cost of processing over the state-of-the-art. Methods of making microemulsions and nanoemulsions are also provided to enhance the bioavailability and stability of the extracts.

Abstract: Methods of making safe extracts of Curcuma longa L. are provided. The processes provided include methods that use an extraction solvent that is at least substantially non-toxic and useful also as a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in liquid dosage forms. The processes can produce a significantly higher yield from a single extraction than the state-of-the-art processes. For example, liquid dosage forms can be produced directly from the extraction process without requiring removal of the extraction solvent, reducing complexity and cost of processing over the state-of-the-art. Methods of making microemulsions and nanoemulsions are also provided to enhance the bioavailability and stability of the extracts.

Abstract: Sunscreen compositions containing an extract of Curcuma longa L. are provided, the sunscreens having an absorption that spans the UVA and UVB ranges in a manner that meets updated FDA recommendations without requiring the addition of titanium dioxide. The sunscreens can also include an extraction solvent that is at least substantially non-toxic and useful also as a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in liquid dosage forms. Microemulsions and nanoemulsions are also provided to enhance the bioavailability and stability of the extracts in the sunscreens.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical dosage form adapted to supply a medicament to the oral cavity for buccal, sublingual or gingival absorption of the medicament which contains an orally administrable medicament in combination with an effervescent for use in promoting absorption of the medicament in the oral cavity. The use of an additional pH adjusting substance in combination with the effervescent for promoting the absorption drugs is also disclosed.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical dosage form adapted to supply a medicament to the oral cavity for buccal, sublingual or gingival absorption of the medicament which contains an orally administerable medicament in combination with an effervescent for use in promoting absorption of the medicament in the oral cavity. The use of additional pH adjusting substance in combination with the effervescent for promoting the absorption of drugs is also disclosed.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical dosage form adapted to supply a medicament to the oral cavity for buccal, sublingual or gingival absorption of the medicament which contains an orally administrable medicament in combination with an effervescent for use in promoting absorption of the medicament in the oral cavity. The use of an additional pH adjusting substance in combination with the effervescent for promoting the absorption drugs is also disclosed.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical dosage form adapted to supply a medicament to the oral cavity for buccal, sublingual or gingival absorption of the medicament which contains an orally administrable medicament in combination with an effervescent for use in promoting absorption of the medicament in the oral cavity. The use of an additional pH adjusting substance in combination with the effervescent for promoting the absorption drugs is also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of making safe extracts of Curcuma longa L. are provided. The processes provided include methods that use an extraction solvent that is at least substantially non-toxic and useful also as a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in liquid dosage forms. The processes can produce a significantly higher yield from a single extraction than the state-of-the-art processes. For example, liquid dosage forms can be produced directly from the extraction process without requiring removal of the extraction solvent, reducing complexity and cost of processing over the state-of-the-art. Methods of making microemulsions and nanoemulsions are also provided to enhance the bioavailability and stability of the extracts.

Abstract: Sunscreen compositions containing an extract of Curcuma longa L. are provided, the sunscreens having an absorption that spans the UVA and UVB ranges in a manner that meets updated FDA recommendations without requiring the addition of titanium dioxide. The sunscreens can also include an extraction solvent that is at least substantially non-toxic and useful also as a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in liquid dosage forms. Microemulsions and nanoemulsions are also provided to enhance the bioavailability and stability of the extracts in the sunscreens.

Abstract: Formulations and uses of extracts of Curcuma longa L. plants for safe use topically, orally, rectally, or vaginally, for example, are provided. A sunscreen containing an extract of Curcuma longa L. is provided, the sunscreen having an absorption that spans the UVA and UVB ranges in a manner that meets updated FDA recommendations without requiring the addition of titanium dioxide. A process of producing the extract is also provided, using an extraction solvent that is at least substantially non-toxic and useful also as a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in liquid dosage forms. The extraction process also produces a significantly higher yield from a single extraction than the state-of-the-art. Liquid dosage forms can be produced directly from the extraction process without requiring removal of the extraction solvent, reducing complexity and cost of processing over the state-of-the-art. Microemulsions and nanoemulsions are also provided to enhance the bioavailability and stability of the extracts.

Abstract: Non-effervescent pharmaceutical compositions having at least one particle of carbonate coated by a layer of polyethylene glycol that substantially covers the at least one carbonate particle are described. Compositions are also described where the compositions include a weakly basic therapeutic agent, a first pH-modifying agent having at least one particle of carbonate coated by a layer of polyethylene glycol, and a second pH-modifying agent. The weakly basic therapeutic agent could be, but is not limited to, zolpidem or scopolamine. Compositions including zolpidem and scopolamine are used to treat insomnia and depression, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for treating middle-of-the-night insomnia without residual sedative effects upon awakening by administering low doses (about 5 mg or less) of zolpidem or a salt thereof.

Abstract: Methods of inducing antinociception in a human are described. The method includes the step of administering an effective dose of a polypeptide comprising L-neo-tryptophan to the human extracranially. The polypeptide containing L-neo-tryptophan could be, but is not limited to, NT64L, NT65L, NT66L, NT67L, NT69L, NT69L?, NT71, NT72, NT73, NT74, NT75, NT76, or NT77.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical dosage form adapted to supply a medicament to the oral cavity for buccal, sublingual or gingival absorption of the medicament which contains an orally administrable medicament in combination with an effervescent for use in promoting absorption of the medicament in the oral cavity. The use of an additional pH adjusting substance in combination with the effervescent for promoting the absorption drugs is also disclosed.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical dosage form adapted to supply a medicament to the oral cavity for buccal, sublingual or gingival absorption of the medicament which contains an orally administrable medicament in combination with an effervescent for use in promoting absorption of the medicament in the oral cavity. The use of an additional pH adjusting substance in combination with the effervescent for promoting the absorption drugs is also disclosed.

Abstract: Non-effervescent pharmaceutical compositions having at least one particle of carbonate coated by a layer of polyethylene glycol that substantially covers the at least one carbonate particle are described. Compositions are also described where the compositions include a weakly basic therapeutic agent, a first pH-modifying agent having at least one particle of carbonate coated by a layer of polyethylene glycol, and a second pH-modifying agent. The weakly basic therapeutic agent could be, but is not limited to, zolpidem or scopolamine. Compositions including zolpidem and scopolamine are used to treat insomnia and depression, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions having a therapeutically effective amount of zolpidem, carbonate buffer, bicarbonate buffer, and a mixture comprising large and fine particles of silicon dioxide. Compositions having a therapeutically effective amount of zolpidem, carbonate buffer, bicarbonate buffer, and sodium stearyl fumarate are also described.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions for buccal delivery of zolpidem comprising an effective amount of zolpidem and a carbonate and bicarbonate buffer system in an amount sufficient to raise the pH of saliva to at least 8.5, and wherein the carbonate forms a coating on the bicarbonate wherein the amount of carbonate coating is at least 30% (w/w) of the total buffer amount are described. Pharmaceutical compositions for buccal delivery of zolpidem comprising an effective amount of zolpidem and a binary buffer system of carbonate and bicarbonate, wherein the carbonate and bicarbonate are co-located in a single particle, wherein the bicarbonate is coated with the carbonate, and wherein the amount of carbonate coating is at least 30% (w/w) of the binary buffer system are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and composition for improving absorption and dissolution of active ingredients of drugs. The invention provides a method of administration of an active ingredient to a mammal through a transmucosal route that includes delivering the active ingredient to a desired site in a body of the mammal, and, sequentially, at the desired site, promoting dissolution and absorption of the active ingredient. In a preferred embodiment, the pH of the localized environment of the active ingredient is sequentially modified to promote dissolution and absorption.