Abstract: An apparatus and method for carrying out the affinity separation of a target substance from a liquid test medium by mixing magnetic particles having surface immobilized ligand or receptor within the test medium to promote an affinity binding reaction between the ligand and the target substance. The test medium with the magnetic particles in a suitable container is removably mounted in an apparatus that creates a magnetic field gradient in the test medium. This magnetic gradient is used to induce the magnetic particles to move, thereby effecting mixing. The mixing is achieved either by movement of a magnet relative to a stationary container or movement of the container relative to a stationary magnet. In either case, the magnetic particles experience a continuous angular position change with the magnet.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for carrying out the affinity separation of a target substance from a liquid test medium by mixing magnetic particles having surface immobilized ligand or receptor within the test medium to promote an affinity binding reaction between the ligand and the target substance. The test medium with the magnetic particles in a suitable container is removably mounted in an apparatus that creates a magnetic field gradient in the test medium. This magnetic gradient is used to induce the magnetic particles to move, thereby effecting mixing. The mixing is achieved either by movement of a magnet relative to a stationary container or movement of the container relative to a stationary magnet. In either case, the magnetic particles experience a continuous angular position change with the magnet.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for carrying out the affinity separation of a target substance from a liquid test medium by mixing magnetic particles having surface immobilized ligand or receptor within the test medium to promote an affinity binding reaction between the ligand and the target substance. The test medium with the magnetic particles in a suitable container is removably mounted in an apparatus that creates a magnetic field gradient in the test medium. This magnetic gradient is used to induce the magnetic particles to move, thereby effecting mixing. The mixing is achieved either by movement of a magnet relative to a stationary container or movement of the container relative to a stationary magnet. In either case, the magnetic particles experience a continuous angular position change with the magnet.

Abstract: Serum is reacted with a dinitrohalobenzene compound and the rate of halogen formation is measured. This rate is in proportion to the amount of albumin in the sample. Other proteins like the globulins, as well as free aminoacids and urea, do not interfere with this reaction.

Abstract: The method makes use of the action of the co-enzyme in the production of H.sub.2 O.sub.2 associated with the reaction of a hydroxylase with a decoupling agent in the presence of air or oxygen, the H.sub.2 O.sub.2 being subsequently determined by quantitative breaking of the C--F bond of a fluorinated compound in the presence of peroxidase, followed by electrometric titration of the resulting ions.

Abstract: A quick and simple immunoassay technique applicable to the determination of large molecules like proteins, polynucleotides and others involves labelling competitive immunospecies with an enzyme as signal generator. This enzyme can be converted to the corresponding apo-enzyme form and its regeneration, upon addition of a suitable co-factor, is inhibited by complexation when the labelled specie is reacted with its immunopartner. The degree of complexation is therefore ascertained by measuring the extent of regenerated activity.

Abstract: A novel analytical method for bilirubin in biological fluids. Bilirubin is catalytically oxidized to biliverdin in the presence of bilirubin oxidase (BOX) and the latter is revertedly back-converted to initial bilirubin in the presence of suitable reducing agents. The corresponding oxidation of said reducing agents provides a signal which is monitored and provides the desired analytical data.When using selected organic fluoro-compound, said signal is provided by the release of F.sup.- ions which can be measured electrometrically.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing a laminar electrode. The method comprises successive superposition of an insulating support, a conductive layer, a stable-potential internal reference element and an ion-selective diaphragm, all of which are protected by a mask which is impermeable to aqueous solutions. A completely tight seal between the mask and the ion-selective diaphragm is formed by casting the diaphragm in the form of a solution containing a binder which dissolves with and intimately mixes with the mask material.

Abstract: The electrode comprises an internal reference half-cell at stable potential comprising a conductive sheet, e.g. of metal of carbon, covered by a redox system. The redox system comprises a thin dehydrated layer of Prussian blue deposited by contact between the sheet and a mixture of alkaline ferrocyanide and a ferric salt.

Abstract: An analyte sample of blood serum is reacted with a protease in excess over that quantity required to provide a 1:1 protease:inhibitor complex. The excedent protease is then back-titrated using the reaction with diphenylcarbamyl fluoride and measuring electrometrically the liberated fluoride.

Abstract: Test strip for the dip and read colorimetric determination of substances dissolved in liquids. Such strips are composed of an inert supporting base covered with a layer of polymer beads in which the reagents are incorporated. The color reaction takes place within the beads themselves which improves sensitivity and reproducibility of the testing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the quantitative determination of hydrogen peroxide in water media and of substrates capable of being oxidized enzymatically with the formation of H.sub.2 O.sub.2 as well as the enzymes which are involved in such reaction and also the peroxidase which catalyzes the oxidation by H.sub.2 O.sub.2 of other substrates.

Abstract: A device for colorimetric analysis of samples comprises a plurality of groups of receptacles, means for bringing these groups successively to a testing station, and means for automatically performing a cycle of analysis on the receptacles of the group at that station. The analysis means includes a light source, a photodetector aligned therewith, and a plurality of filters. The receptacles of each group and respective filters are moved successively into alignment with the source and detector so that the contents of each receptacle are analyzed with the aid of the correct corresponding filter.