Abstract: Disclosed are a method of forming a back reflection layer in a solar cell, a composition used therefor, and a solar cell having a back reflection layer formed by the method, which layer has superior heat-resistance and various types of durabilities, and can contribute to improving the conversion rate of solar cells and reliability during long-term use, and which method can form a back reflection layer in a solar cell easily and at low cost. The polyimide resin composition for use in forming a back reflection layer in a solar cell includes an organic solvent, a polyimide resin dissolved in the organic solvent, and light-reflecting particles dispersed in the organic solvent.

Abstract: The problem addressed by the present invention is providing a technique for fabricating, by a method simpler than conventional methods, a silicon substrate that is effective for light trapping, one surface of which has a textured structure and the other surface of which has higher reflectivity than the surface having the textured structure. The fabrication method for this semiconductor substrate comprises: a sandblasting step in which a first surface of a silicon substrate in an as-sliced state, fabricated by slicing a silicon ingot, is surface treated by sandblasting and, after the sandblasting step, a step for carrying out surface treatment using an etching solution that contains either or both of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid on the silicon substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of forming a back reflection layer in a solar cell, a composition used therefor, and a solar cell having a back reflection layer formed by the method, which layer has superior heat-resistance and various types of durabilities, and can contribute to improving the conversion rate of solar cells and reliability during long-term use, and which method can form a back reflection layer in a solar cell easily and at low cost. The polyimide resin composition for use in forming a back reflection layer in a solar cell includes an organic solvent, a polyimide resin dissolved in the organic solvent, and light-reflecting particles dispersed in the organic solvent.

Abstract: The invention provides a body fluid treatment method for selective ex vivo killing of malignant lymphoma cells, leukemia cells or activated macrophages in a body fluid, the body fluid treatment method comprising: an addition step wherein a compound represented by formula (I) below is added to a body fluid containing malignant lymphoma cells, leukemia cells or activated macrophages that has been removed from the body, to yield an addition mixture; and an excitation step wherein the addition mixture is irradiated with excitation light to excite the compound. According to the invention, there is provided a method for selective ex vivo killing of malignant lymphoma cells, leukemia cells or activated macrophages in a body fluid while avoiding adverse effects on normal cells.

Abstract: Various diagnostics with the application of photodynamic diagnosis/therapy (photodynamic therapy: PDT) wherein use is made of highly selective uptake of an iminochlorinaspartic acid derivative or its pharmacologically acceptable salt in neovessels and selective uptake thereof in cancer cells. More specifically, remedies for rheumatism, remedies for inflammatory keratosis, agents for confirming the location of a sentinel lymph node and diagnostics for cancer metastasis which contain as the active ingredient an iminochlorinaspartic acid derivative represented by the following formula (I) or its pharmacologically acceptable salt: (I) wherein Asp represents aspartate.

Abstract: The present invention provides the porphyrin compound which is used for photodynamic diagnosis and/or treatment for animals, and the photodynamic diagnostic and/or therapeutic agent for animals.

Abstract: A sensitizer for tumor treatment has a structure such that a lipophilic group and a hydrophilic group are bound to one and the same carbon atom in a compound containing a xanthene dye structure. It is important that the lipophilic group and hydrophilic group are bound to one and the same carbon atom; if they are separated from each other, no sufficient effect is obtained. Thus, the sensitizer possesses both lipophilicity and hydrophilicity. This sensitizer has a function of promoting acoustic cavitation and a function of revealing an antitumor effect and is an agent highly accumulable in tumor tissues. Thus, this sensitizer is highly selective for tumor tissues and enables the treatment of malignant tumor using ultrasound.

Abstract: The present invention provides the porphyrin compound having nitroimidazole in the molecule, which is used for diagnosis and/or treatment of cancer in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or radiotherapy as well as for DDS therapy. The porphyrin compound of the present invention shows no phototoxicity, and represented by the following formula: [wherein, R1 and R2 are —CH═CH2 or —CH(CH3)—OH, —CH(CH3)—O—(CH2)n—NH—Ra; R3 is hydrogen atom or —CO—(CH2)m—COOH; and M is transition metal of Mn, Fe, Co or Cu], (in which, Ra is hydrogen atom or the group represented by the following formula: n and m are the integer 2 or 3), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides the porphyrin compound which is used for photodynamic diagnosis and/or treatment for animals, and the photodynamic diagnostic and/or therapeutic agent for animals.

Abstract: The present invention provides the porphyrin compound having nitroimidazole in the molecule, which is used for diagnosis and/or treatment of cancer in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or radiotherapy as well as for DDS therapy.

Abstract: A sensitizer for tumor treatment has a structure such that a lipophilic group and a hydrophilic group are bound to one and the same carbon atom in a compound containing a xanthene dye structure. It is important that the lipophilic group and hydrophilic group are bound to one and the same carbon atom; if they are separated from each other, no sufficient effect is obtained. Thus, the sensitizer possesses both lipophilicity and hydrophilicity. This sensitizer has a function of promoting acoustic cavitation and a function of revealing an antitumor effect and is an agent highly accumulable in tumor tissues. Thus, this sensitizer is highly selective for tumor tissues and enables the treatment of malignant tumor using ultrasound.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal display panel and a light guide plate arranged in a rear side of the liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel is of a substantially spherical shape, and the liquid crystal display panel is fitted at a front side of the light guide plate such that a proximity of a central portion of the liquid crystal display panel is outwardly bulged. There can be prevented display deficiencies (paddling) owing to interference between the liquid crystal display panel and the backlighting unit or between the former and the casing. Moreover, since no interference exists between the liquid crystal display panel and the backlighting unit or between the former and the casing, sheets such as the diffusing sheet will not be wrinkled, and the brightness of the backlighting unit can be maintained to be uniform.

Abstract: The present invention provides an iminochlorin aspartic acid derivative represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## Wherein Asp represents an aspartic acid residue, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compound of the present invention is useful as a photosensitizer for photophysico-chemical diagnosis and therapy of cancer, because it has a high accumulability to cancerous cells, reactivity to external energy and a cancerous cell destroying effect which is effective even against cancers developing in deep site, while it is rapidly excreted from normal cells and therefore causes no damage thereto.

Abstract: A porphyrin compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --CH.sub.2 CHJ.sub.3, --CH(O-lower alkanoyl)CH.sub.3, --CH(OR)CH.sub.3 or --CH(O-lower alkylene-OR)CH.sub.3 ; R.sub.3 is --H, --COOH, --COO-lower alkyl, --COO-lower alkylene-OR or --COO-lower alkylene-OOC-Z; R.sub.4 is --H, -lower alkyl or -lower alkylene-OR; R is --H, -lower alkyl or a residue of a polyfunctional carboxyl compound excluding a hydrogen atom therefrom; Z is a residue of the compound of the formula (I) excluding R.sub.3 therefrom; A is --CH.sub.2 -- or --CO--; and the dotted line from the gamma-position indicates no bonding or a single direct bond; and the dotted line between the 7- and 8-positions indicates the presence of a single bond or a double bond; and its complexes with a metal(s) in the porphine skeleton and/or at the residue of the polyfunctional carboxyl compound, at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.