Abstract: A dark current excess prevention method in a telematics terminal installed in a vehicle includes: calculating a current consumption amount up to a present time upon sensing a transmission operation in a sleep mode; determining whether the calculated current consumption amount exceeds a predetermined dark current reference value; and determining that a dark current is exceeded when the calculated current consumption amount exceeds the dark current reference value.

Abstract: A coating method includes coating a first coating composition including a heterogeneous photoinitiator having a first photoinitiator and a second photoinitiator on a substrate, irradiating ultraviolet rays having a first wavelength into the first coating composition to form a first coating layer and cure the first photoinitiator, coating a second coating composition on the first coating layer, and irradiating ultraviolet rays having a second wavelength different than the first wavelength into the second coating composition to form a second coating layer.

Abstract: An electronic device and method in which a tuning process is performed during memory initialization, so as to reduce the occurrence of data read errors. The device may include a clock generator that generates a clock signal transmitted to a memory device, and a host control module that transmits to the memory device a change signal changing at least a portion of the clock signal, and/or a tuning related command. The host control module may receive setting data from the memory device, corresponding to at least one of the change signal and the tuning related command.

Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate having a first lower column spacer disposed in a peripheral area, extending in a direction, and including first and second opposing slanted sides, a second substrate opposing the first substrate, the second substrate including a first upper column spacer disposed in the first peripheral area, extending in the same direction, including a slanted side, and disposed adjacent to the first side of the first lower column spacer, and a second upper column spacer having substantially a same shape as the first upper column spacer and disposed adjacent to the second side of the first lower column spacer, where the first peripheral area is disposed outside a display area of the display device.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a first substrate, a color filter, a gap maintaining pattern, a column spacer, and a blocking dam. The first substrate includes a display area and a peripheral area surrounding the display area. The color filter is disposed in the display area. The gap maintaining pattern is disposed in the peripheral area in a same layer as the color filter. The column spacer is disposed on the color filter. The blocking dam is disposed in a same layer as the column spacer and overlaps the gap maintaining pattern. The difference between the gap of the first and second substrates in the display area and the gap of the first and second substrates in the peripheral area may be decreased.

Abstract: A signal processing circuit may be provided. The signal processing circuit may include a mask generation circuit configured to output a mask signal in response to an internal control signal and masking information; and a masking circuit configured to mask the internal control signal in response to the mask signal, and output a masked control signal, wherein the mask generation circuit resets the mask signal in response to an internal reset signal, regardless of a pause polarity of the internal control signal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a first substrate; a gate line and a data line disposed on the first substrate; a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line; a pixel electrode positioned on the first substrate, connected to the thin film transistor, configured to be applied with a first voltage, and including a first sub-pixel electrode including a first sub-region and a second sub-region and a second sub-pixel electrode configured to be applied with a second voltage; a protrusion electrode protruding from the pixel electrode to overlap the data line; and an insulating layer positioned on the first sub-region of the first sub-pixel electrode and positioned under the second sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-region of the first sub-pixel electrode, wherein the first sub-region of the first sub-pixel electrode overlaps the second sub-pixel electrode.

Abstract: A display device includes: a common electrode and a pixel electrode that includes a horizontal stem, a vertical stem, and a branch. A pixel of the branch includes a first branch that extends in a first diagonal direction from the horizontal stem and the vertical stem, and a second branch that extends in a second diagonal direction from the horizontal stem and the vertical stem.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a gate line and a data line disposed on the first substrate, a first thin film transistor and a second thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line, a first subpixel electrode connected to the first thin film transistor, a resistor connected to the second thin film transistor and a resistance of the resistor is changed by a pulsed gate-on signal applied to the gate line, and a second subpixel electrode connected to the resistor.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) includes: a display panel including a plurality of pixels connected to a gate line, a data line, and a reference voltage line to which a common voltage is applied; a data driver connected to the data line and configured to apply a data voltage to the data line; a gate driver connected to the gate line and configured to apply a gate voltage to the gate line; a reference voltage generator connected to the reference voltage line and configured to apply a reference voltage to the reference voltage line; and a signal controller configured to control the data driver, the gate driver, and the reference voltage generator, and output a signal to the reference voltage generator for changing the reference voltage applied to the pixels, wherein the reference voltage is changed according to a gray-level value of an image data.

Abstract: A telematics terminal includes: a modem unit communicating with a telematics center; and a controller i) monitoring an amount of current consumption by the modem unit in a sleep mode in which the telematics terminal is operated at low power, ii) when the monitored amount of current consumption exceeds a designated current consumption amount and the modem unit is in danger of electrical discharge, transmitting a vehicle discharge danger message indicating a current position of the telematics terminal to the telematics center, and iii) when a vehicle control command corresponding to the vehicle discharge danger message is received from the telematics center, performing an operation corresponding to the vehicle control command.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display including a pixel electrode including a first subpixel electrode and a second subpixel electrode. The first subpixel electrode includes a first cross stem portion positioned in a first subpixel region and first minute branches extending from the first cross stem portion, and includes first and second body portions that are positioned in a third subpixel region and separated from each other, and a plurality of first and second slit portions that extend from the first and second body portions, respectively. The second subpixel electrode includes a second cross stem portion positioned in a second subpixel region and second minute branches that extend from the second cross stem portion, and includes a third cross stem portion positioned in a third subpixel region and third minute branches that extend from the third cross stem portion.

Abstract: A curved display device includes: a display substrate curved along a first direction; an opposing substrate coupled with the display substrate and curved together with the display substrate; and a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules interposed between the display substrate and the opposing substrate, where the opposing substrate includes: a common electrode; and a first alignment layer disposed on the common electrode and which aligns a first portion of the liquid crystal molecules at a first pre-tilt angle, and the display substrate includes: a pixel electrode disposed in each of a plurality of pixel areas, where a slit is defined in the pixel electrode; and a second alignment layer disposed on the pixel electrode and which aligns a second portion of the liquid crystal molecules at a second pre-tilt angle, which is greater than the first pre-tilt angle.

Abstract: A signal processing circuit may be provided. The signal processing circuit may include a mask generation circuit configured to output a mask signal in response to an internal control signal and masking information; and a masking circuit configured to mask the internal control signal in response to the mask signal, and output a masked control signal, wherein the mask generation circuit resets the mask signal in response to an internal reset signal, regardless of a pause polarity of the internal control signal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a first substrate, a first sub-pixel electrode on the first substrate and configured to receive a first voltage, a second sub-pixel electrode on the first substrate and configured to receive a second voltage, an insulating layer between the first sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a common electrode on the second substrate, wherein the first sub-pixel electrode includes a first sub-region below the insulating layer and a second sub-region above the insulating layer, wherein the second sub-region of the first sub-pixel electrode includes a plurality of first branch electrodes, wherein the second sub-pixel electrode is above the insulating layer, and wherein a difference between the first voltage and a common voltage is greater than a difference between the second voltage and the common voltage.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and including liquid crystal molecules, a gate line positioned on the first substrate, a data line positioned on the first substrate and crossing the gate line, a first thin film transistor and a second thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line, a third thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the second thin film transistor, a reference voltage line connected to the third thin film transistor, and a pixel electrode including a first subpixel electrode connected to the first thin film transistor and a second subpixel electrode connected to the second thin film transistor.

Abstract: A dark current excess prevention method in a telematics terminal installed in a vehicle includes: calculating a current consumption amount up to a present time upon sensing a transmission operation in a sleep mode; determining whether the calculated current consumption amount exceeds a predetermined dark current reference value; and determining that a dark current is exceeded when the calculated current consumption amount exceeds the dark current reference value.

Abstract: A method for calculating a shape of a painting spray head that injects liquid paint supplied to the center in a radial direction while rotating, includes: inputting a material characteristic of painting liquid to be injected; selecting a start point where a curve starts on a front surface of the painting spray head; calculating the thickness of a liquid film injected from the painting spray head through an input numerical value; correcting the start point where the curve starts depending on a difference value between the calculated thickness of the liquid film and a required thickness of the liquid film; and calculating a curve shape of the painting spray head by using the corrected start point.

Abstract: A cover window of a flexible display device includes a base substrate including an out-folding area, an in-folding area, and peripheral areas disposed on opposing sides of at least one of the out-folding area and the in-folding area, a first hard coating layer at a top surface of the base substrate, the first hard coating layer having a substantially uniform thickness, and a second hard coating layer at a bottom surface of the base substrate opposite to the top surface, the second hard coating layer having a thickness different from the thickness of the first hard coating layer. A thickness of a first area of the second hard coating layer that overlaps with the out-folding area and the in-folding area of the base substrate is less than a thickness of a second area of the second hard coating layer that overlaps with the peripheral areas of the base substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a pixel electrode formed on the first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a common electrode formed on the second substrate. The pixel electrode includes a first subpixel electrode disposed in a first subpixel region, and a second subpixel electrode disposed in a second subpixel region. A first voltage applied to the first subpixel electrode and a second voltage applied to the second subpixel electrode are different from each other, and a ratio of the first voltage to the second voltage is about 0.76 to about 0.80.