Abstract: A pressure sensor includes: a base substrate including an embossed pattern; a first conductive layer disposed on the base substrate; a pressure sensitive material layer disposed on the first conductive layer such that its electrical characteristic is varied corresponding to a strain applied thereto, the pressure sensitive material layer including a dielectric and nanoparticles dispersed in the dielectric; and a second conductive layer disposed on the pressure sensitive material layer, wherein the dielectric and the nanoparticle include materials having pyroelectricities of polarities opposite to each other.

Abstract: Provided are a plasticizer composition having excellent low-temperature characteristics and capable of improving migration of a plasticizer, and a vinyl chloride-based resin composition including the same.

Abstract: A light emitting module includes at least one light source that generates a first light having a first wavelength region, and a wavelength converter that is excited by the first light and generates a second light having a second wavelength region. The wavelength converter includes a wavelength converting material that is excited by the first light to generate a third light having a third wavelength region, and in the second light, the first light and the third light are mixed at predetermined ratios.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for broadcast signal frame using a bootstrap and a preamble are disclosed. An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving on a BICM output signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a bootstrap and a preamble using the time-interleaved signal.

Abstract: A parity interleaving apparatus and method for variable length signaling information are disclosed. A parity interleaving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor configured to generate a parity bit string for parity puncturing by segmenting parity bits of an LDPC codeword whose length is 16200 and whose code rate is 3/15, into a plurality of groups, and group-wise interleaving the groups using an order of group-wise interleaving; and memory configured to provide the parity bit string for parity puncturing to a parity puncturing unit.

Abstract: A modulator and a modulation method using a non-uniform 16-symbol signal constellation are disclosed. The modulator includes a memory and a processor. The memory receives a codeword corresponding to a low-density parity check (LDPC) code having a code rate of 4/15. The processor maps the codeword to 16 symbols of the non-uniform 16-symbol signal constellation on a 4-bit basis.

Abstract: A zero padding apparatus and method for fixed length signaling information are disclosed. A zero padding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor configured to generate a LDPC information bit string by deciding a number of groups whose all bits are to be filled with 0 using a difference between a length of the LDPC information bit string and a length of a BCH-encoded bit string, selecting the groups using a shortening pattern order to fill all the bits of the groups with 0, and filling at least a part of remaining groups, which are not filled with 0, with the BCH-encoded bit string; and memory configured to provide the LDPC information bit string to an LDPC encoder.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method and apparatus of broadcast gateway signaling for channel bonding. The apparatus for broadcast gateway signaling includes an input formatting unit configured to generate baseband packets corresponding to channel bonding; and a stream partitioner configured to allocate the baseband packets to two or more RF channels of the channel bonding for generating an outer tunnel data stream, the outer tunnel data stream generated in different ways according to a plurality of operation modes for the channel bonding.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting broadcast signal to which channel bonding is applied are disclosed. The apparatus according to the present invention includes an input formatting unit configured to generate baseband packets corresponding to a plurality of packet types using data corresponding to a physical layer pipe; a stream partitioner configured to partition the baseband packets into a plurality of partitioned streams corresponding to the plurality of packet types; BICM units configured to perform error correction encoding, interleaving and modulation corresponding to the plurality of partitioned streams, respectively; and waveform generators configured to generate RF transmission signals corresponding to the plurality of partitioned streams, respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed is a field emission-type tomosynthesis system including a vacuum body having a space therein; a plurality of sources provided inside the body, wherein each of the sources emits a plurality of electrons; and a plurality of anodes disposed inside the body to face the sources and responsible for emitting a plurality of X-rays, wherein each of the anodes faces a corresponding source among the sources, and the electrons collide with each of the anodes to generate X-rays, wherein the X-ray emission angle of each of the anodes is capable of being independently adjusted so as to focus the X-rays emitted toward an object located outside the body. With this configuration, a plurality of X-rays is focused on an object and is emitted to the object to obtain information, and the information is synthesized, thereby improving the reliability of information about the object.

Abstract: A zero padding apparatus and method for variable length signaling information are disclosed. A zero padding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor configured to generate a LDPC information bit string by deciding a number of groups whose all bits are to be filled with 0 using a difference between a length of the LDPC information bit string and a length of a BCH-encoded bit string, selecting the groups using a shortening pattern order to fill all the bits of the groups with 0, and filling at least a part of remaining groups, which are not filled with 0, with the BCH-encoded bit string; and memory configured to provide the LDPC information bit string to an LDPC encoder.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate including a display area and a non-display area; an external common voltage line disposed in the non-display area; a common voltage line disposed in the display area and connected to the external common voltage line; a plurality of pixels positioned in the display area, each of which includes a first electrode and an emission layer; and a second electrode positioned on the pixels. The common voltage line has a multi-layered structure including a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer, the second layer defines an undercut structure therein, a width of the second layer is narrower than a width of each of the first layer and the third layer, and a length of an undercut of the undercut structure is greater than a thickness of the common voltage line.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a bit line contact hole in a substrate; forming a first spacer on a sidewall of the bit line contact hole; forming a sacrificial spacer over the first spacer; forming a first conductive material that fills the bit line contact hole over the sacrificial spacer; forming a second conductive material over the first conductive material; forming a bit line by etching the second conductive material; and forming a bit line contact plug and a gap between the bit line contact plug and the first spacer by partially etching the first conductive material and the sacrificial spacer to be aligned with the bit line.

Abstract: A display device according to an embodiment includes a display area and a non-display area, an external common voltage line formed in the non-display area, a common voltage line formed in the display area and connecting a portion and another portion of the external common voltage line, a plurality of pixels positioned in the display area and including a first electrode and an emission layer, and a second electrode positioned on the plurality of pixels. The common voltage line has a multi-layered structure including a first layer, a second layer, a third layer, and a reinforced layer. The reinforced layer is positioned between the second layer and the third layer, the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer include a metal, and the reinforced layer includes an inorganic material or an organic material.

Abstract: A display device includes: a pixel circuit layer including a base layer, a pixel circuit, and a passivation layer including a well area and a protrusion area; and a light-emitting-element layer disposed on the pixel circuit layer, and including a light emitting element, and a connecting electrode, the light emitting element including a first electrode, a second electrode, and an emission part. The connecting electrode is disposed in the protrusion area, and at least a portion of the connecting electrode overlaps the well area and does not contact the passivation layer. The emission part includes a hole layer, an electron layer, and an emission layer. The hole layer connects the first electrode and the emission layer. The electron layer connects the second electrode and the emission layer. Each of the hole layer and the second electrode has an end portion on the connecting electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a blowing unit of an air conditioner for a vehicle, having a two-layer structure and capable of effectively suppressing a flow of air flowing backward around a scroll bell mouth. In a blowing unit of an air conditioner for a vehicle, having a scroll case in which a first flow path and a second flow path are partitioned so as to separate inside and outdoor air to be sucked, the scroll case has a partition wall for separating a suction part of the first flow path and a suction part of the second flow path, and the partition wall has an air backflow prevention part for preventing air flowing into one of the first flow path or the second flow path from flowing backward into the other.

Abstract: A parity interleaving apparatus and method for variable length signaling information are disclosed. A parity interleaving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor configured to generate a parity bit string for parity puncturing by segmenting parity bits of an LDPC codeword whose length is 16200 and whose code rate is 3/15, into a plurality of groups, and group-wise interleaving the groups using an order of group-wise interleaving; and memory configured to provide the parity bit string for parity puncturing to a parity puncturing unit.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for broadcast signal frame using a bootstrap and a preamble are disclosed. An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving on a BICM output signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a bootstrap and a preamble using the time-interleaved signal.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel electrode, a pixel defining layer disposed on the pixel electrode and forming an opening which exposes a portion of the pixel electrode, an auxiliary electrode disposed on the pixel defining layer and the pixel electrode, an intermediate layer disposed on the pixel defining layer and the auxiliary electrode and a common electrode disposed on the intermediate layer. The pixel defining layer includes a recessed portion recessed into the pixel defining layer, the auxiliary electrode includes a first undercut forming portion disposed on the recessed portion and contacting the portion of the pixel electrode, and the intermediate layer includes a hole injection layer, a light-emitting layer and an electron injection layer stacked sequentially. The hole injection layer includes a first portion disposed on the first undercut forming portion and a second portion separated from the first portion and disposed on the recessed portion.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel electrode, a pixel defining layer including an opening extending to a portion of the pixel electrode, a first auxiliary electrode on the portion of the pixel electrode to which the opening extends, a second auxiliary electrode on the first auxiliary electrode, an intermediate layer on the pixel defining layer and the second auxiliary electrode, and a common electrode on the intermediate layer. A side surface of the first auxiliary electrode is positioned inward of a side surface of the second auxiliary electrode within the opening of the pixel defining layer to form an undercut shape. A hole injection layer of the intermediate layer includes a first portion on a side surface of the pixel defining layer defining the opening of the pixel defining layer, and a second portion disconnected from the first portion and on the second auxiliary electrode.