Abstract: Electric apparatus having distinct electric terminals has an input power terminal of electrically insulating material, including a base of electric insulating material having a first electric terminal base portion and a second electric base portion spaced from that first electric base portion, and a barrier wall of insulating material on that base acting as an isolator between the first and second electric terminals on these base portions, and preferably also as a standoff for a protective cover. A plurality of electric fuse holders in that or other electric apparatus may be mounted in mutually spaced relationship, and a heat sink including a frame around that plurality of mutually spaced electric fuse holders is in heat-transfer relationship with these electric fuse holders, and includes a cross-piece between each adjacent pair of the mutually spaced electric fuse holders.

Abstract: One embodiment of an cabinet according to the present invention comprises an inner cabinet having a plurality of inner walls that form an enclosure. A phase change material covers at least some of the plurality of inner walls. An outer cabinet is positioned around the inner cabinet and comprises a plurality of outer walls arranged such that there is a space between the inner and outer walls. A mechanism is included for drawing air from outside of the outer cabinet into the space between the inner and outer walls. The phase-change material is arranged to melt when exposed to heat energy to reduce heat transfer into the enclosure. The enclosure is particularly adapted for holding heat sensitive devices such as batteries with the cabinet controlling heat transfer during cyclic heat exposure.

Abstract: One embodiment of an cabinet according to the present invention comprises an inner cabinet having a plurality of inner walls that form an enclosure. A phase change material covers at least some of the plurality of inner walls. An outer cabinet is positioned around the inner cabinet and comprises a plurality of outer walls arranged such that there is a space between the inner and outer walls. A mechanism is included for drawing air from outside of the outer cabinet into the space between the inner and outer walls. The phase-change material is arranged to melt when exposed to heat energy to reduce heat transfer into the enclosure. The enclosure is particularly adapted for holding heat sensitive devices such as batteries with the cabinet controlling heat transfer during cyclic heat exposure.

Abstract: Electric arc monitoring is effected by exploiting the discovery that electric arcs are fractal phenomena in that all essential information that signifies “arc” is contained in each fractal subset. These fractal subsets are logarithmically distributed over the arc spectrum. Monitoring of arcs is most advantageously effected on a fractal subset (16) of low logarithmic order where the amplitude is higher pursuant to the 1/f characteristic of electric arcs, where cross-induction among neighboring circuit is lower, and where travel between the arc (12) and the arc signature pickup (23) is longer than at the high frequencies customary for electric arc detection. Fractal subset transformation (17) reduces the danger of false alarms. Arc signature portions may be processed in out of phase paths (242, 342) or treated as modulated carriers (42) for monitoring.

Abstract: Electric arc monitoring is effected by exploiting the discovery that electric arcs are fractal phenomena in that all essential information that signifies an “arc” is contained in each fractal subset. The fractal subsets are logarithmically distributed over the arc spectrum. Monitoring of arcs is most advantageously effected on a fractal subset of low logarithmic order where the amplitude is higher pursuant to the 1/f characteristic of electric arcs, where cross-induction among neighboring circuits is lower, and where travel between the arc and the arc signature pickup is longer that at the high frequency customary for electric arc detection. Fractal subset information reduces the danger of false alarms. Arc signature portions may be processed in out of phase paths or treated as modulated carriers for monitoring.

Abstract: Electric apparatus having distinct electric terminals has an input power terminal of electrically insulating material, including a base of electric insulating material having a first electric terminal base portion and a second electric base portion spaced from that first electric base portion, and a barrier wall of insulating material on that base acting as an isolator between the first and second electric terminals on these base portions, and preferably also as a standoff for a protective cover. A plurality of electric fuse holders in that or other electric apparatus may be mounted in mutually spaced relationship, and a heat sink including a frame around that plurality of mutually spaced electric fuse holders is in heat-transfer relationship with these electric fuse holders, and includes a cross-piece between each adjacent pair of the mutually spaced electric fuse holders.

Abstract: Electric arc monitoring is effected by exploiting the discovery that electric arcs are fractal phenomena in that all essential information that signifies an “arc” is contained in each fractal subset. The fractal subsets are logarithmically distributed over the arc spectrum. Monitoring of arcs is most advantageously effected on a fractal subset of low logarithmic order where the amplitude is higher pursuant to the l/f characteristic of electric arcs, where cross-induction among neighboring circuits is lower, and where travel between the arc and the arc signature pickup is longer that at the high frequency customary for electric arc detection. Fractal subset information reduces the danger of false alarms. Arc signature portions may be processed in out of phase paths or treated as modulated carriers for monitoring.

Abstract: A circuit board holder has or is provided with a face plate and with walls projecting from an inside of that face plate. A pair of opposite ones of such walls are equipped with circuit board retainers. Such retainers may be inside and/or outside of a space in the circuit board holder. The circuit board holder is equipped with one or more holder retainers or resilient snaps for releasably retaining that circuit board holder in an aperture of a panel. Such holder retainers or resilient snaps may have serrations for engaging panels of different thicknesses at their apertures. Such panel may be provided with a slot or slots at that aperture for access to the holder retainer or resilient snaps through the panel. The holder retainer or resilient snap may be released through such slots, such as by screwdrivers or other release tool, for removal of the circuit board holder or similar device from the panel.

Abstract: An electric switching device is assembled with an electric terminal and a power panel having a first side at the electric switching device and second side at the electric terminal. The electric switching device has a prong, and a receptacle is made for that prong. That receptacle is provided with an external catch for a detent. The power panel is provided with an aperture having a detent for the catch. A flexible electric conductor is connected to that receptacle at a safe distance from the power panel and any power busses and that flexible electric conductor is connected to the electric terminal. The receptacle is inserted into the aperture from the second side of the power panel until the catch catches the detent. The electric switching device is assembled with the power panel by insertion of the prong into the receptacle.

Abstract: Electric apparatus having distinct electric terminals has an input power terminal of electrically insulating material, including a base of electric insulating material having a first electric terminal base portion and a second electric base portion spaced from that first electric base portion, and a barrier wall of insulating material on that base acting as an isolator between the first and second electric terminals on these base portions, and preferably also as a standoff for a protective cover. A plurality of electric fuse holders in that or other electric apparatus may be mounted in mutually spaced relationship, and a heat sink including a frame around that plurality of mutually spaced electric fuse holders is in heat-transfer relationship with these electric fuse holders, and includes a cross-piece between each adjacent pair of the mutually spaced electric fuse holders.

Abstract: Electric arc monitoring is effected by exploiting the discovery that electric arcs are fractal phenomena in that all essential information that signifies an “arc” is contained in each fractal subset. The fractal subsets are logarithmically distributed over the arc spectrum. Monitoring of arcs is most advantageously effected on a fractal subset of low logarithmic order where the amplitude is higher pursuant to the 1/f characteristic of electric arcs, where cross-induction among neighboring circuits is lower, and where travel between the arc and the arc signature pickup is longer that at the high frequency customary for electric arc detection. Fractal subset information reduces the danger of false alarms. Arc signature portions may be processed in out of phase paths or treated as modulated carriers for monitoring.

Abstract: A circuit board holder has or is provided with a face plate and with walls projecting from an inside of that face plate. A pair of opposite ones of such walls are equipped with circuit board retainers. Such retainers may be inside and/or outside of a space in the circuit board holder. The circuit board holder is equipped with one or more holder retainers or resilient snaps for releasably retaining that circuit board holder in an aperture of a panel. Such holder retainers or resilient snaps may have serrations for engaging panels of different thicknesses at their apertures. Such panel may be provided with a slot or slots at that aperture for access to the holder retainer or resilient snaps through the panel. The holder retainer or resilient snap may be released through such slots, such as by screwdrivers or other release tool, for removal of the circuit board holder or similar device from the panel.

Abstract: Electrical equipment is housed in a cabinet and is protected against hurricane-force calamities by covering the electrical equipment with an inner door system inside the cabinet, and by closing an opening of the cabinet with an environmental door system, and overlaying that environmental door system with a calamity-proof door system that may be used as an on-site temporary roof for installation and service personnel in an upturned position, and that constitutes a protection against hurricane-force calamities in a closed position on the shut environmental door system.

Abstract: A principal object of the invention is to detect sparks or arcs (12) in electric circuits (13) or otherwise to detect a spectrum of a broad band of distinct instaneous radio frequencies in radio frequency noise. The invention rejects extraneous narrow-band signals having frequencies within the broad band, such as by means of filters (21, 27, 29) or a balanced mixer arrangement (32-39 ) . The mixer 37 may be fed from a radio frequency signal duplicator (32, 33, 34) having an input (25) coupled to a source of the spectrum, a first output for one spectrum as duplicated by that duplicator connected to one mixer input (35), and a second output for the other spectrum as duplicated by that duplicator connected to tile other mixer input (36). Alternatively, the radio frequency mixer (37) may receive the output of a wide band noise generator (68) at its other input (36, FIG. 5 ).

Abstract: A principal object of the invention is to detect sparks or arcs (12) in electric circuits (13) or otherwise to detect a signal having a spectrum of a broad band of distinct instantaneous radio frequencies in radio frequency noise. The invention rejects extraneous narrow-band signals having frequencies within the broad band, such as by means of filters (21, 27, 29) or a balanced mixer arrangement (32-39). The mixer 37 may be fed from a radio frequency signal unbalanced to balanced converter (32) having an input (25) coupled to a source of the signal having the spectrum and having balanced outputs connected to the mixer inputs (35, 36). Alternatively, the radio frequency mixer (37) may receive the output of a wide band noise generator (68) at its other input (36, FIG. 5).

Abstract: An electronic equipment rack including a horizontal frame member and a vertical frame member is braced against earthquake damage by means of a metal gusset having a first leg fitting against the horizontal frame member to extend along part of that horizontal frame member, a second leg fitting against the vertical frame member for a first part of that second leg to extend along part of that vertical frame member, a third leg spaced from and extending in parallel to a second part of the second leg, and a fourth leg extending between the second and third legs to abut against another part of the vertical frame member. Solid metal is carried from the vertical frame member to the horizontal frame member by intimately connecting the gusset to the vertical and horizontal frame members.

Abstract: Monitoring an electric power distribution circuit having a rated load capacity includes continually sensing an intensity of electric power supplied through that circuit. In response to that sensing a first signal indicating when electric power is supplied through that circuit at a predetermined maximum current usage below rated load capacity is provided. A second signal indicating a safe loading condition is provided when the sensed intensity is substantially below that maximum current usage. A third signal is provided when the mentioned intensity is at a value between the safe loading condition and the maximum current usage.

Abstract: Electronic circuit breakers safeguard a load connected to a power supply against damage from overload conditions. These circuit breakers interrupt flow of overload currents to the load by instantaneously reducing flow of such current from the power supply to the load to a harmless residual current when that electric current flow exceeds a predetermined value. These breakers also avoid downtime after cessation of such a condition by electronically monitoring that residual current to determine when it is safe to restore electric operating current flow to the load. Flow of electric operating current from the power supply to the electronic equipment is restored in response to the latter determination. Preferably, the monitored residual current is used for automatically switching the electronic circuit breaker and the flow of electric operating current electronically back on, when the electronic monitoring has determined that the overload condition has ceased to exist.