Abstract: A nozzle assembly includes a readily replaceable nozzle tip which is replaced within a firnace adjacent an installed furnace-side end of a supply nozzle. The nozzle tip is provided with a pair of opposed, spring-loaded pivot pins which snap into apertures in the wall of a stationary nozzle conduit to removably secure the tip to the conduit. The pivot pin connection permits tilting of the tip relative to the stationary conduit in a vertical plane about a horizontal axis extending through both pivot pins. A link arm used for tilting the nozzle tip has a hook-shaped end which connects to a pin extending from the nozzle tip. The hook-shaped end of the link arm permits removal of the nozzle tip without having to remove the link arm from a lever assembly.

Abstract: Two or more different polymeric materials are stably incorporated into bitumen by effecting steric stabilization of a polyolefin, such as polyethylene, and by dispersing the other polymer, such as a styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or an EPDM copolymer in the stabilized polyethylene-bitumen composition. The ability to incorporate different polymeric materials in bitumen permits desirable modifications to the properties of the composition to be effected. In addition, different properties can be attained by modifying processing parameters.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide is removed from gas streams by reaction with sulfur dioxide in an autogeneously-formed aqueous acid medium according to the equation: SO.sub.2 +2H.sub.2 S.fwdarw.2H.sub.2 O+3S the sulfur being removed from the aqueous phase. Carbonyl sulfide and/or carbon disulfide is removed from gas streams by hydrolysis to hydrogen sulfide in the presence of a weak organic base catalyst, such as quinoline, with the hydrogen sulfide reacting with sulfur dioxide to form sulfur.

Abstract: A flexible pouch is formed from a first and second sheet which are in sealing engaged along their side edges. Two gussets are provided at the top and bottom, respectively, of the sheets. The bottom of the uppermost gusset is recessed such that a pocket is formed at one end of the pouch. A compartment is formed within the pouch by the two sheets and the two gussets. A straw or other suitable instrument can be used to puncture the uppermost gusset in order to remove the contents from the compartment of the pouch. This pocket has a wide mouth and will enable easy insertion of the straw while minimizing or eliminating product spillage.

Abstract: A holder for holding collapsed coiled tubing has been invented which, in one aspect, has a first plate, a second plate, securement apparatus for releasably securing the plates together in a spaced-apart relationship about at least one portion of a collapsed tubular, e.g. but not limited to coiled tubing, and at least one gripper or gripping element on one plate for gripping the collapsed tubular between the first plate and second plate. In one aspect such a holder has gripping elements which include a first die device on the first plate and a second die device on the second plate, the first die device disposed opposite the second die device when the holder is installed around a collapsed tubular. In one aspect dies are longitudinally offset with respect to upper and/or lower dies so that gripping is achieved across a wider portion or substantially all of the width of a collapsed tubular. In one aspect such a holder is an elevator with an elevator hook on each plate so the holder serves as an elevator.

Abstract: Hydrogen Sulfide is substantially completely removed from a gas stream in a two-stage operation. Hydrogen Sulfide is first partially oxidized to sulfur dioxide and the sulfur dioxide reacted with part of the remaining hydrogen sulfide while the hydrogen sulfide not so reacted is subsequently oxidized, thereby removing all of the hydrogen sulfide from the gas stream.

Abstract: Sodium hydroxide is formed from sodium sulphate by a three step operation comprising converting the sodium sulphate to sodium sulphide, converting the sodium sulphide to sodium bicarbonate, and converting the sodium bicarbonate to sodium hydroxide. The operations preferably are effected in conjunction with a bleached kraft pulp mill operation, so as to utilize by-product sodium sulphate from chlorine dioxide generation to produce useful sodium hydroxide as sulphur without co-producing chlorine.

Abstract: Components, usually but not exclusively gaseous components, are removed in a liquid medium from gas streams and chemically converted into an insoluble phase or physically removed. Specifically, hydrogen sulfide may be removed from gas streams by oxidation in aqueous chelated transition metal solution in a agitated flotation cell. The same principal may be employed with other procedures in which a gaseous phase is dispersed in a liquid phase to effect an interaction between components present in such phases, for example, to treat or strip or react a component of the liquid phase.

Abstract: Viscous liquids, such as liquid sulfur and bitumen asphalt are contacted with gases to strip absorbed gases from the viscous liquid and/or transfer gaseous components into the viscous liquid using a shrouded impeller combination immersed in the viscous liquid. The invention has particular application to the stripping of hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen polysulfides from liquid sulfur using an oxidizing gas.

Abstract: The parameters of a gas-liquid contact apparatus for the removal of a component of a gas stream in which an impeller-apertured shroud combination is immersed in a liquid phase to which the gas stream is fed at a gas flow rate of Q. The structural and operating parameters of the apparatus are quantified to provide a Shear Effectiveness Index (SEI) value of from about 1 to about 10 and an Effective Shear Index (ESI) value of from about 1 to about 2500.

Abstract: Components, usually but not exclusively gaseous components, are removed in a liquid medium from gas streams and chemically converted into an insoluble phase or physically removed. Specifically, hydrogen sulfide may be removed from gas streams by oxidation in aqueous chelated transition metal solution in a modified agitated flotation cell. The same principal may be employed in other procedures in which a gaseous phase is dispersed in a liquid phase to effect an interaction between components present in such phases. A gas-liquid contact apparatus, generally a combined chemical reactor and solid product separation device, comprising such modified agitated flotation cell is also described. In order to effect mass transfer and rapid reaction gas bubbles containing hydrogen sulfide and oxygen are formed by rotating an impeller at a blade tip velocity of at least about 350 in/sec. to achieve the required shear.

Abstract: Components, usually but not exclusively gaseous components, are removed in a liquid medium from gas streams and chemically converted into an insoluble phase or physically removed. Specifically, hydrogen sulfide may be removed from gas streams by oxidation in aqueous chelated transition metal solution in a modified agitated flotation cell. The same principal may be employed in other procedures in which a gaseous phase is dispersed in a liquid phase to effect an interaction between components present in such phases. A gas-liquid contact apparatus, generally a combined chemical reactor and solid product separation device, comprising such modified agitated flotation cell is also described. In order to effect mass transfer and rapid reaction gas bubbles containing hydrogen sulfide and oxygen are formed by rotating an impeller at a blade tip velocity of at least about 350 in/sec. to achieve the required shear.

Abstract: Components, usually but not exclusively gaseous components, are removed in a liquid medium from gas streams and chemically converted into an insoluble phase or physically removed. Specifically, hydrogen sulfide may be removed from gas streams by oxidation in aqueous chelated transition metal solution in a modified agitated flotation cell. The same principal may be employed in other procedures in which a gaseous phase is dispersed in a liquid phase to effect an interaction between components present in such phases. A gas-liquid contact apparatus, generally a combined chemical reactor and solid product separation device, comprising such modified agitated flotation cell is also described. In order to effect mass transfer and rapid reaction gas bubbles containing hydrogen sulfide and oxygen are formed by rotating an impeller at a blade tip velocity of at least about 350 in/sec. to achieve the required shear.

Abstract: Components, usually but not exclusively gaseous components, are removed in a liquid medium from gas streams and chemically converted into an insoluble phase or physically removed. Specifically, hydrogen sulfide may be removed from gas streams by oxidation in aqueous chelated transition metal solution in a modified agitated flotation cell. The same principle may be employed with other procedures in which a gaseous phase is dispersed in a liquid phase to effect an interaction between components present in such phases. A gas-liquid contact apparatus, generally a combined chemical reactor and solid product separation device, comprising such modified agitated flotation cell also is described. In order to effect efficient mass transfer and rapid reaction, gas bubbles containing hydrogen sulfide and oxygen are formed by rotating an impeller at a blade tip velocity of at least about 350 in/sec. to achieve the required shear.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide or other gaseous component is removed from a gas stream containing the same by distribution of the gas stream in the form of fine bubbles by a rotary impeller and stationary shroud arrangement at a submerged location in an aqueous iron or other transition metal chelate solution, or other suitable catalyst, contained in an enclosed reaction vessel. Sulfur particles, or other insoluble phase product, of narrow particle size range formed in the reaction are floated off from the iron chelate solution. An oxygen-containing gas stream also is distributed in the form of fine bubbles by a separate rotary impeller and stationary shroud arrangement at a separate submerged location in the iron chelate solution. The second submerged location generally is separated from the first by a baffle extending downwardly in the reaction vessel from a top closure towards a bottom closure.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide or other gaseous component is removed from a gas stream containing the same by distribution of the gas stream in the form of fine bubbles by a rotary impeller and stationary shroud arrangement at a submerged location in an aqueous iron or other transition metal chelate solution, or other suitable catalyst, contained in an enclosed reaction vessel. Sulfur particles, or other insoluble phase product, of narrow particle size range formed in the reaction are floated off from the iron chelate solution. An oxygen-containing gas stream also is distributed in the form of fine bubbles by a separate rotary impeller and stationary shroud arrangement at a separate submerged location in the iron chelate solution. The second submerged location generally is separated from the first by a baffle extending downwardly in the reaction vessel from a top closure towards a bottom closure.