Abstract: An aerosol device for dispensing a composition with relatively high viscosity, in particular a gel or an emulsion, comprises a can intended to be used with the head upwards, containing the composition and a propellant agent acting directly on the composition. A dispensing valve is in the upper part of the can on an opening of this can, while a dip-tube connected to the valve extends as far as the vicinity of the bottom of the can. The composition (C) to be dispensed has a viscosity (measured on a Brookfield DV III viscometer, needle no. 7) lying in the range of 4000 to 10,000 millipascal.second, preferably of 6000 to 8000 millipascal.second, for a speed of 100 revolutions/minute and of 30,000 to 150,000 millipascal.second, preferably of 50,000 to 120,000 millipascal.second, for a speed of 2.5 revolutions/minute. The dip-tube is a semi-capillary tube (18) whose internal diameter (e) lies between 0.7 and 1.5 mm.

Abstract: A valve (6) including a valve body (7) intended to be fixed into a dished part (5) mounted on a can (1), a valve stem (12) which can move axially in the valve body, and elastic return device (18) for returning the valve stem to a closed position. The valve (6) is combined with a clack valve (C) which is sensitive to the action of gravity and capable of closing the outlet of the valve (6) when the container occupies a position which is away from its normal position of use. A micro-orifice (F) is provided in the wall of the valve body (7) in order to establish a communication between the pressurized internal volume of the container (1) and the zone of the valve (6) situated downstream of the shut off member (21) of the clack valve (C) in the closed position, in order to balance out the pressures on either side of this shut off member (21).

Abstract: A take-up strip is applied to the element to be investigated, (for example the skin or the hair of a living subject), for a given time and with a given pressure; the side of this strip intended to come into contact with the element to be investigated is matt; the quantity of light reflected by the matt side of the strip is measured before and after impregnation with the greasy product: the quantity of the greasy product located on the surface of the element investigated is derived from the reflection measurement. The detection means is constituted by a phototransistor whose output signal is processed by an analog/digital converter associated with a programmable computer; the strip is disposed on a displaceable support. The reflection reading all along the strip gives a brightness curve in accordance with the location on the strip. For the hair, this curve reflects the greasy aspect from the root to its tip.

Abstract: A measuring instrument for studying the tensile characteristics of hair or other fibre samples is provided with elements whereby it is possible successively to carry out measurements on a series of samples automatically without intervention by an operator. A stack of pairs of blocks (12A and 12B) is mounted in a loader (23) with a sample (21) connected between the blocks of each pair. The sample blocks are displaceable as a pair from the bottom of the loader across a plate to be engaged by relatively movable clamps (11 and 19) by means of which the sample carried between the blocks can be stretched. A dynamometer (5) measures the tension for a predetermined elongation and a sensor (54) cooperating with an anvil (25) senses changes in transverse dimensions of the sample.

Abstract: A novel automatic test measuring apparatus of the pendulum variety for readily and easily determining film and the like hardness is adapted to automate all the operations necessarily preceding the commencement of a measurement stage using, in connection therewith, a recording unit or printer to supply the operator with the numerical results of all the measurements without personal manipulation(s). In making a measurement, the necessary time count for passing from amplitude .alpha. to amplitude .beta. is effected by means of a photo-electric cell. This records the passage of a pendulum arm having a predetermined period during the time that the oscillation amplitude is higher than .beta.. The involved count gives the measured time necessary for the measurement. The automatic apparatus advantageously reduces error relating to each measurement and increases the number of measurements to be effected on one and the same test film to yield a vastly more reliable mean statistical value.