Abstract: The present invention relates to a three-dimensional system, and compositions obtained therefrom, wherein individual layers of the system comprise channels divided longitudinally into two compartments by a centrally positioned membrane, and wherein each compartment can comprise a different cell type.

Abstract: Channel arrays are reversibly disposed over an array of microwells to deliver materials, for example, cells, to the microwells.

Abstract: A method and materials to create complex vascularized living tissue in three dimensions from a two-dimension microfabricated mold has been developed. The method involved creating a two dimensional surface having a branching structure etched into the surface. The pattern begins with one or more large channels which serially branch into a large array of channels as small as individual capillaries, then converge to one or more large channels. The etched surface serves a template within a mold formed with the etched surface for the circulation of an individual tissue or organ. Living vascular cells are then seeded onto the mold, where they form living vascular channels based on the pattern etched in the mold. Once formed and sustained by their own matrix, the top of the mold is removed. The organ or tissue specific cells are then added to the etched surface, where they attach and proliferate to form a thin, vascularized sheet of tissue.

Abstract: A method for reducing errors in a tuning fork gyroscope includes determining a first distance, gt, between an upper sense plate and a proof mass and a second distance, gb, between a lower sense plate and the proof mass. The method further includes applying a first voltage, Vt, to the upper sense plate and a second voltage, Vb, to the lower sense plate, wherein the ratio of the first voltage and the second voltage is a function of the first distance and the second distance.

Abstract: A tuning fork gyroscope design where at least one proof mass is supported above a substrate. At least one drive electrode is also supported above the substrate adjacent the proof mass. Typically, the proof mass and the drive electrode include interleaved electrode fingers. A sense plate or shield electrode on the substrate beneath the proof mass extends completely under the extent of the electrode fingers of proof mass.

Abstract: The invention provides a low-profile, dome-shaped body for attachment to a scleral surface of an eye and defining an internal cavity for receiving a drug or other pharmaceutically active agent. The device has an opening for controllably delivering the drug into the eye at therapeutically effective concentrations over a prolonged period of time. When attached, the device does not affect or otherwise restrict movement of the eye. Features of the invention include an optional drug inlet port and puncture guard, both designed for refilling the device while preventing a needle inserted through the inlet port from contacting the sclera.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the design and fabrication of biological constructs, such as organ simulants or organ replacements, which contain complex microfluidic architecture. Designs of the present invention provide increased space in the lateral dimension, enabling a large number of small channels for small vessels.

Abstract: The invention provides a general fabrication method for producing MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) and related devices using Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) wafer. The method includes providing an SOI wafer that has (i) a handle layer, (ii) a dielectric layer, and (iii) a device layer, wherein a mesa etch has been made on the device layer of the SOI wafer, providing a substrate, wherein a pattern has been etched onto the substrate, bonding the SOI wafer and the substrate together, removing the handle layer of the SOI wafer, removing the dielectric layer of the SOI wafer, then performing a structural etch on the device layer of the SOI wafer to define the device.

Abstract: Methods and materials for making an apparatus which duplicates the functionality of a physiological system id provided.

Abstract: Electrostatic capacitance measurements are used to detect chemical or biological analytes, or chemical interactions, with great sensitivity. A diaphragm is coated with a material capable of selectively interacting with an analyte of interest, and interaction of the analyte with the coating exerts stresses tangential to the diaphragm's surface. These stresses cause diaphragm displacements that are sensed as varying capacitance.

Abstract: An asymmetric field ion mobility spectrometer for breath analysis and a system for analysis of a sample of breath taken from a patient.

Abstract: A method for reducing errors in a tuning fork gyroscope includes determining a first distance, gt, between an upper sense plate and a proof mass and a second distance, gb, between a lower sense plate and the proof mass. The method further includes applying a first voltage, Vt, to the upper sense plate and a second voltage, Vb, to the lower sense plate, wherein the ratio of the first voltage and the second voltage is a function of the first distance and the second distance.

Abstract: MEMS and microelectronic devices and fabrication methods feature providing a first material including a glass, providing a second material having an elastic modulus greater than the elastic modulus of silicon, causing the second material to have a surface with a RMS surface roughness of greater than 0.001 ?m and less than approximately 0.15 ?m, contacting the surface of the second material to a surface of the first material, and applying a voltage between the first and second materials to cause an anodic bond to form.

Abstract: The invention provides a general fabrication method for producing MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) and related devices using Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI). One first obtains an SOI wafer that has (i) a handle layer, (ii) a a dielectric layer, and (iii) a device layer. A mesa etch has been made on the device layer of the SOI wafer and a structural etch has been made on the dielectric layer of the SOI wafer. One then obtains a substrate (such as glass or silicon), where a pattern has been etched onto the substrate. The SOI wafer and the substrate are bonded together. Then the handle layer of the SOI wafer is removed, followed by the dielectric layer of the SOI wafer.