Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention relates to a porous silicon-based carbon composite, a method for preparing same, and a negative electrode active material comprising same. The porous silicon-based carbon composite according to an embodiment comprises silicon particles capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium, a magnesium compound, and carbon, and satisfies a molar ratio (Mg/Si) of magnesium atoms to silicon atoms present in the composite of 0.02-0.30 and a molar ratio (O/Si) of oxygen atoms to silicon atoms in the composite of 0.40-0.90. Thus, when the porous silicon-based carbon composite is applied to a negative electrode active material, initial efficiency and capacity retention as well as discharge capacity can be enhanced.

Abstract: The present disclosure proposes an apparatus for determining an intestinal microbiome index. The apparatus according to the present disclosure may: obtain test information about a biological sample of a subject from a test apparatus; determine, based on the test information, first information about the similarity of intestinal microflora, second information about a proportion of harmful intestinal microflora, third information about a proportion of beneficial intestinal microflora, and/or fourth information about the diversity of intestinal microflora; and determine an intestinal microbiome index indicating a state of intestinal microbiome of the subject based on the determined information.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a user input unit, a display unit, a control unit, and a buffer unit. The display unit includes a speed setting menu. The control unit selects a mode from the speed setting menu in response to the selection signal of the user, and controls a compression ratio of a voice codec and a transfer rate of a modem corresponding to a transmission-side radio, and a reception rate of a modem and a restoration rate of a voice codec corresponding to a reception-side radio, based on the selected mode. The buffer unit performs a storage function if there is a difference between the compression ratio of the voice codec and the transfer rate of the modem or if there is a difference between the reception rate of the modem and the restoration rate of the voice codec.

Abstract: A wireless relay device and a method of processing data using the same are provided. The wireless relay device includes a voice input/output (I/O) unit, a voice processing unit, an information protection processing unit, a Wi-Fi unit, and a radio transmission and reception unit. The voice I/O unit receives or outputs a user voice signal. The voice processing unit performs voice processing on the user voice signal. The information protection processing unit encrypts or decrypts voice data using an information protection algorithm. The Wi-Fi unit sends the encrypted voice data to a portable device of a user located within a set range, or receives encrypted voice data from a portable device of a user located within the set range. The radio transmission and reception unit relays wireless communication to a portable device of a user located outside the set range.

Abstract: A multi-frame data processing apparatus and method using frame disassembly is provided. The multi-frame data apparatus includes a data communication unit, a frame processing unit, and a data processing unit. The data communication unit receives a transmission signal from a Line Adaptation Unit (LAU). The frame processing unit disassembles each frame of the transmission signal and acquires information data that is included in the transmission signal. The data processing unit transfers the information data to an Algorithm Processing Unit (APU), and acquires processed information data that is obtained by processing the information data via the APU based on a corresponding algorithm.

Abstract: A data transmission method and apparatus, which can improve transmission efficiency and securely perform communication without increasing the bandwidth of encrypted data in an environment in which a transmission success rate for encrypted data is changeable depending on the quality of a network. In the method, a network quality of a channel is measured, and a lossy compression scheme or a lossless compression scheme is selected depending on results of measurement. Original data to be transmitted is compressed so that the original data is compressed using the selected compression scheme. Compressed data is encrypted. ECC encoding is performed on encrypted data, and ECC-encoded data is interleaved.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for encryption in a virtualized environment using an auxiliary medium. The apparatus for encryption in a virtualized environment using an auxiliary medium includes a hypervisor unit for acquiring data for encryption from an auxiliary medium, and encrypting and providing protection target data of an application program using the data for encryption in response to an encryption request from the application program. A hypercall unit provides a virtualization interface between the application program and the hypervisor unit.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a user input unit, a display unit, a control unit, and a buffer unit. The display unit includes a speed setting menu. The control unit selects a mode from the speed setting menu in response to the selection signal of the user, and controls a compression ratio of a voice codec and a transfer rate of a modem corresponding to a transmission-side radio, and a reception rate of a modem and a restoration rate of a voice codec corresponding to a reception-side radio, based on the selected mode. The buffer unit performs a storage function if there is a difference between the compression ratio of the voice codec and the transfer rate of the modem or if there is a difference between the reception rate of the modem and the restoration rate of the voice codec.

Abstract: A wireless relay device and a method of processing data using the same are provided. The wireless relay device includes a voice input/output (I/O) unit, a voice processing unit, an information protection processing unit, a Wi-Fi unit, and a radio transmission and reception unit. The voice I/O unit receives or outputs a user voice signal. The voice processing unit performs voice processing on the user voice signal. The information protection processing unit encrypts or decrypts voice data using an information protection algorithm. The Wi-Fi unit sends the encrypted voice data to a portable device of a user located within a set range, or receives encrypted voice data from a portable device of a user located within the set range. The radio transmission and reception unit relays wireless communication to a portable device of a user located outside the set range.

Abstract: A multi-frame data processing apparatus and method using frame disassembly is provided. The multi-frame data apparatus includes a data communication unit, a frame processing unit, and a data processing unit The data communication unit receives a transmission signal from a Line Adaptation Unit (LAU). The frame processing unit disassembles each frame of the transmission signal and acquires information data that is included in the transmission signal. The data processing unit transfers the information data to an Algorithm Processing Unit (APU), and acquires processed information data that is obtained by processing the information data via the APU based on a corresponding algorithm.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for encryption in a virtualized environment using an auxiliary medium. The apparatus for encryption in a virtualized environment using an auxiliary medium includes a hypervisor unit for acquiring data for encryption from an auxiliary medium, and encrypting and providing protection target data of an application program using the data for encryption in response to an encryption request from the application program. A hypercall unit provides a virtualization interface between the application program and the hypervisor unit.

Abstract: An FPGA apparatus and a method for protecting bitstreams are provided. The FPGA apparatus includes: a key storage unit, which is configured to be accessed only from within the FPGA, and having stored therein the encryption/decryption key and the initial key generated by the random number generator; a setting bitstream storage unit, which is an internal non-volatile memory stored with bitstreams for setting authentication and encryption/decryption; and an authentication and encryption/decryption setting unit, which is configured to call the encryption and decryption key and the initial value stored in the key storage unit to store encrypted bitstreams and authentication codes generated as a result of performing encryption on the bitstreams stored in the setting bitstream storage unit in external non-volatile memory, and verity the integrity of the encrypted bitstreams stored in the external non-volatile memory at the time of designing of the FPGA using the encrypted bitstreams.

Abstract: An FPGA apparatus and a method for protecting bitstreams are provided. The FPGA apparatus includes: a key storage unit, which is configured to be accessed only from within the FPGA, and having stored therein the encryption/decryption key and the initial key generated by the random number generator; a setting bitstream storage unit, which is an internal non-volatile memory stored with bitstreams for setting authentication and encryption/decryption; and an authentication and encryption/decryption setting unit, which is configured to call the encryption and decryption key and the initial value stored in the key storage unit to store encrypted bitstreams and authentication codes generated as a result of performing encryption on the bitstreams stored in the setting bitstream storage unit in external non-volatile memory, and verity the integrity of the encrypted bitstreams stored in the external non-volatile memory at the time of designing of the FPGA using the encrypted bitstreams.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for encrypting a hard disk are provided. The apparatus includes a program management unit, an Internet Protocol (IP) management unit, and an encryption processing unit. The program management unit causes an allowed program or process to be executed based on a result of determination as to whether the program or process to be executed in a host terminal is allowed to gain access. The IP management unit causes data to be transmitted to an allowed destination IP address based on a result of determination as to whether the destination IP address to which the host terminal attempts to transmit the data is allowed to be accessed. The encryption processing unit encrypts and decrypts all data, exchanged between the host terminal and the hard disk by applying an algorithm, selected by a user, to the data.

Abstract: A method for recovering a frame erasure at a voice over internet protocol (VoIP) environment is provided. The method includes: extracting coder parameters of received packets; if an erased packet exists during the extracting of the coder parameters, regenerating speech characteristic parameters of the erased packet by referencing a vector quantization codebook index interpolation table (VCIIT) formulated based on representative values of speech characteristic parameters reflecting auditory recognition characteristics and performing a linear interpolation on speech characteristic parameters of the normally received packets allocated previous and future of the erased packet; and recovering the erased packet by combining the regenerated speech characteristic parameters. The proposed frame erasure recovery method can minimize an additional delay and increases in bandwidth and computation and improve a capability of recovering the erasure.