Abstract: A surface-emitting laser device according to an embodiment comprises: a first electrode; a substrate arranged on the first electrode; a first reflection layer arranged on the substrate; an active region arranged on the first reflection layer and including a cavity; an opening region arranged on the active region and including an aperture and an insulation region; a second reflection layer arranged on the opening region; a second electrode arranged on the second reflection layer; and a delta doping layer arranged in the opening region. The thickness of the insulation region becomes thinner in the direction of the aperture, and the delta doping layer can be arranged at the aperture.

Abstract: A chip-on-film package may include a film substrate including a chip region and an edge region, a semiconductor chip provided on the chip region and mounted on a top surface of the film substrate, the semiconductor chip including a chip pad adjacent to a bottom surface thereof, an input line and an output line provided on the edge region and disposed on the top surface of the film substrate, a connection terminal interposed between the film substrate and the semiconductor chip, and a redistribution pattern disposed between the semiconductor chip and the connection terminal.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory device includes an active region in which a channel of a transistor is formed in a substrate, element isolation films defining the active region and formed on the substrate at both sides of the channel at a height lower than an upper surface of the active region, a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer, and a control gate electrode formed on the active region in this order, and a floating gate electrode formed between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer so as to intersect the length direction of the channel and extend to the upper surfaces of the element isolation films at both sides of the channel, thereby surrounding the channel.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes transistors with a vertical gate electrode. In a transistor structure, a semiconductor pattern has first and second sides facing in a transverse direction, and third and fourth sides facing in a longitudinal direction. Gate patterns are disposed adjacent to the first and second sides of the semiconductor pattern. Impurity patterns directly contact the third and fourth sides of the semiconductor pattern. A gate insulating pattern is interposed between the gate patterns and the semiconductor pattern.

Abstract: The nonvolatile memory device includes a semiconductor substrate, and a device isolation layer defining an active region in the semiconductor substrate. The device isolation layer includes a top surface lower than a top surface of the semiconductor substrate, such that a side-upper surface of the active region is exposed. A sense line crosses both the active region and the device isolation layer, and a word line, spaced apart from the sense line, crosses both the active region and the device isolation layer.

Abstract: Provided is a method of forming an isolation structure of a semiconductor device capable of minimizing the number of performing a patterning process and having trenches of various depths. The method includes partially etching the semiconductor substrate using a first patterning process to form first trenches and second trenches having a first depth. The semiconductor substrate has first to third regions. The first trenches are formed in the first region, and the second trenched are formed in the second region. The semiconductor substrate is partially etched using a second patterning process, so that third trenches are formed in the third region, and fourth trenches are formed in the second region. The fourth trenches extend from bottoms of the second trenches. The third trenches have a second depth, and the fourth trenches have a third depth. An isolation layer filling the first to fourth trenches is formed.

Abstract: The nonvolatile memory device includes a semiconductor substrate, and a device isolation layer defining an active region in the semiconductor substrate. The device isolation layer includes a top surface lower than a top surface of the semiconductor substrate, such that a side-upper surface of the active region is exposed. A sense line crosses both the active region and the device isolation layer, and a word line, spaced apart from the sense line, crosses both the active region and the device isolation layer.

Abstract: An electrically erasable and programmable read only memory (EEPROM) device and a method of manufacturing the EEPROM device are provided. First and second gate structures having the same structure are formed on a tunnel insulating layer formed on a substrate, such that the first and second gate structures are spaced apart from each other. A common source region is formed at a portion of the substrate located between the first and second gate structures. First and second drain regions are formed at first and second portions of the substrate adjacent to the first and second gate structures, respectively. Thus, the EEPROM device is manufactured including first and second transistors that have the same structure and may alternately serve as a memory transistor and a selection transistor according to an applied signal.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory device includes a floating gate formed on a substrate with a gate insulation layer interposed therebetween, a tunnel insulation layer formed on the floating gate, a select gate electrode inducing charge introduction through the gate insulation layer, and a control gate electrode inducing charge tunneling occurring through the tunnel insulation layer. The select gate electrode is insulated from the control gate electrode. According to the non-volatile memory device, a select gate electrode and a control gate electrode are formed on a floating gate, and thus a voltage is applied to the respective gate electrodes to write and erase data.

Abstract: A mask read-only memory (ROM) device, which can stably output data, includes an on-cell and an off-cell. The on-cell includes an on-cell gate structure on a substrate and an on-cell junction structure within the substrate. The off-cell includes an off-cell gate structure on the substrate and an off-cell junction structure within the substrate. The on-cell gate structure includes an on-cell gate insulating film, an on-cell gate electrode and an on-cell gate spacer. The on-cell junction structure includes first and second on-cell ion implantation regions of a first polarity and third and fourth on-cell ion implantation regions of a second polarity. The off-cell gate structure includes an off-cell gate insulating film, an off-cell gate electrode and an off-cell gate spacer. The off-cell junction structure includes first and second off-cell ion implantation regions of the first polarity and a third off-cell ion implantation region of the second polarity.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes transistors with a vertical gate electrode. In a transistor structure, a semiconductor pattern has first and second sides facing in a transverse direction, and third and fourth sides facing in a longitudinal direction. Gate patterns are disposed adjacent to the first and second sides of the semiconductor pattern. Impurity patterns directly contact the third and fourth sides of the semiconductor pattern. A gate insulating pattern is interposed between the gate patterns and the semiconductor pattern.

Abstract: A semiconductor device has a first semiconductor layer including a first circuit, a second semiconductor layer disposed on the first semiconductor layer and having a second circuit, and a via extending through portions of the first and second semiconductor layers and by which the first and second circuits are electrically connected. One of the circuits is a logic circuit and the other of the circuits is a memory circuit. The semiconductor device is manufactured by fabricating transistors of the logic and memory circuits on respective substrates, stacking the substrates, and electrically connecting the logic and memory circuits with a via.

Abstract: In a method of reading data in an EEPROM cell, a bit line voltage for reading is applied to the EEPROM cell including a memory transistor and a selection transistor. A first voltage is applied to a sense line of the memory transistor. A second voltage greater than the first voltage is applied to a word line of the selection transistor. A current passing through the EEPROM cell is compared with a predetermined reference current to read the data stored in the EEPROM cell. An on-cell current of the EEPROM cell may be increased in an erased state and the data in the cell may be readily discriminated.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes transistors with a vertical gate electrode. In a transistor structure, a semiconductor pattern has first and second sides facing in a transverse direction, and third and fourth sides facing in a longitudinal direction. Gate patterns are disposed adjacent to the first and second sides of the semiconductor pattern. Impurity patterns directly contact the third and fourth sides of the semiconductor pattern. A gate insulating pattern is interposed between the gate patterns and the semiconductor pattern.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, a tunnel insulation layer is formed on a substrate. A charge trapping layer is formed on the tunnel insulation layer. A protection layer pattern or a mold is formed on the charge trapping layer. Charge trapping layer patterns are formed on the tunnel insulation layer by etching the charge trapping layer using the protection layer pattern or the mold. The charge trapping layer patterns may be spaced apart from each other. Blocking layers are formed on the charge trapping layer patterns, respectively. A gate electrode is formed on the blocking layers and the tunnel insulation layer using the protection layer pattern or the mold.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory integrated circuit device and a method fabricating the same are disclosed. The non-volatile memory integrated circuit device includes a semiconductor substrate, word and select lines, and a floating junction region, a bit line junction region and a common source region. The semiconductor substrate has a plurality of substantially rectangular field regions, and the short and long sides of each substantially rectangular field region are parallel to the row and column directions of a matrix, respectively.

Abstract: In a method of reading data in an EEPROM cell, a bit line voltage for reading is applied to the EEPROM cell including a memory transistor and a selection transistor. A first voltage is applied to a sense line of the memory transistor. A second voltage greater than the first voltage is applied to a word line of the selection transistor. A current passing through the EEPROM cell is compared with a predetermined reference current to read the data stored in the EEPROM cell. An on-cell current of the EEPROM cell may be increased in an erased state and the data in the cell may be readily discriminated.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a semiconductor memory device can be generally characterized as including a gate insulating layer on a semiconductor substrate, a floating gate on the gate insulating layer and a word line disposed on one side of the floating gate. A first side of the floating gate facing the word line may include a projecting portion projecting toward the word line. A tip of the projecting portion may include a corner that extends substantially perpendicularly with respect to a top surface of the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device and a method of forming the same. The semiconductor device includes a memory device and a self-aligned selection device. A floating junction is formed between the self-aligned selection device and the memory device.

Abstract: In a method of reading data in an EEPROM cell, a bit line voltage for reading is applied to the EEPROM cell including a memory transistor and a selection transistor. A first voltage is applied to a sense line of the memory transistor. A second voltage greater than the first voltage is applied to a word line of the selection transistor. A current passing through the EEPROM cell is compared with a predetermined reference current to read the data stored in the EEPROM cell. An on-cell current of the EEPROM cell may be increased in an erased state and the data in the cell may be readily discriminated.