Abstract: An apparatus that provides a feedback effect regarding on a social network service includes a post generation unit configured to receive a post that has a tag associated with a feedback effect from a user device and post the post on the social network service, a feedback collection unit configured to collect feedback in response to the post from another user device that accesses the post, and an effect providing unit configured to apply a predetermined feedback effect corresponding to the tag included in the post according to predetermined condition, wherein the predetermined feedback effect is selected from among multiple feedback effects preset for one or more of tags, and the predetermined condition includes at least one of a type of the feedback and a quantity of the feedback.

Abstract: A vertical memory device includes a substrate having a cell array region and a connection region positioned on an exterior of the cell array region. Gate electrode layers are stacked on the cell array region and the connection region of the substrate, forming a stepped structure in the connection region. Channel structures are disposed in the cell array region, extending in a direction perpendicular to an upper surface of the substrate, while passing through the gate electrode layers. Dummy channel structures are disposed in the connection region, extending in the same direction as the channel structures, while passing through the gate electrode layers forming the stepped structure. First semiconductor patterns are disposed below the channel structures, and second semiconductor patterns are disposed below the dummy channel structures. The first and second semiconductor patterns include polycrystalline semiconductor materials.

Abstract: An RGBW image sensor, a binning method in an image sensor, and a computer readable medium for performing the method are provided, and the binning method in an image sensor includes selecting one or more binning target pixels for each of a red pixel, a green pixel, a blue pixel, and a white pixel, constituting a pixel array of an RGBW image sensor with a uniform array pattern, generating binning pixel data for each of the red pixel, the green pixel, the blue pixel, and the white pixel, based on pieces of pixel data corresponding to the binning target pixel, and rearranging pixels, represented by the binning pixel data, to be equal to the entirety or a portion of the uniform array pattern and to be equally spaced apart from each other.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a liquid crystal panel; and a source driver configured to output an image signal to the liquid crystal panel. The source driver may include a digital-to-analog converter (DA converter) configured to convert digital image data into an image signal of normal polarity and an image signal of inversion polarity; a plurality of multiplexers each of which receives the image signal of the normal polarity and the image signal of the inversion polarity from the DA converter, and outputs the image signal of the normal polarity and the image signal of the inversion polarity as they are or cross outputs the image signal of the normal polarity and the image signal of the inversion polarity; and an inversion controller configured to output a control signal to each of the plurality of multiplexers through a plurality of output terminals respectively connected to the plurality of multiplexers.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including a first display area and a second display area adjacent to the first display area, a processor configured to generate first image data corresponding to the first and second display areas for a first mode, and to generate second image data corresponding to the first display area for a second mode, and a display driver configured to drive the display panel in response to the first image data in the first mode, and to drive the display panel in response to the second image data in the second mode, wherein a supplementary image is displayed in at least a portion of the second display area in the second mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition that acts prior to the action of a tooth whitening composition or tooth whitening patch, the composition containing an oral cavity stimulation alleviating component able to reduce stimulation by the tooth whitening composition or patch. The present invention also relates to a tooth whitening kit whereby oral cavity stimulation is alleviated. The composition that acts prior to the action of a tooth whitening composition or patch of the present invention provides an outstanding tooth whitening effect while alleviating pain by mitigating intra-oral stimulation brought about by the rapid action of a tooth whitening component due to a tooth whitening component active agent.

Abstract: A method of preparing a positive electrode active material for a secondary battery includes preparing a positive electrode active material precursor including nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and at least one selected from the group consisting of manganese (Mn) and aluminum (Al); and forming a lithium composite transition metal oxide by mixing the positive electrode active material precursor and a lithium source and performing calcination, wherein the positive electrode active material precursor includes nickel (Ni) in an amount of 60 mol % or more out of the entire metal element, and a molar ratio (Li/M) of lithium (Li) of the lithium source to the entire metal element (M) of the positive electrode active material precursor is greater than 1.1.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a cathode additive, a method for preparing the same, and a cathode and a lithium secondary battery including the same.

Abstract: A positive electrode material for a secondary battery, including a first positive electrode active material and a second positive electrode active material, wherein the first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material consist of a lithium composite transition metal oxide including at least two or more transition metals selected from the group consisting of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn) are provided. The average particle size (D50) of the first positive electrode active material is two or more times larger than that of the second positive electrode active material, and the first positive electrode active material has a concentration gradient in which at least one of Ni, Co or Mn contained in the lithium composite transition metal oxide has a concentration difference of 1.5 mol % or more between the center and the surface of a particle of the lithium composite transition metal oxide.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material for a secondary battery including a core part and a shell part formed around the core part is provided. Here, the core part and the shell part include a lithium composite transition metal oxide including Ni and Co, and at least one or more selected from the group consisting of Mn and Al, and a ratio of the diameter of the core part to the total diameter of a particle of the positive electrode active material is 0.5 to 0.85, and the shell part has a concentration gradient such that a Ni concentration at the start point of the shell part near the core part is 30 mol % or higher than that at the end point of the shell part near the particle surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions each containing a composite extract. More specifically, the present invention provides cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions, each of which contains, as an active ingredient, a composite extract of an aloe extract and an upland rice extract, leading to excellent moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, and atopy alleviating effects, and thus can be favorably used for prevention, alleviation, and treatment of a skin disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a chemically amplified photoresist composition including an alkali-soluble resin and a polymeric photo-acid generator having a predetermined structure, a photoresist pattern produced from the chemically amplified photoresist composition, and a method for preparing the chemically amplified photoresist pattern.

Abstract: Provided is a method of separating and purifying a mixture of components having small difference in boiling point, and the method may maximize an energy collecting amount and collect a product to be desired in high purity and high yield.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for producing a positive electrode for a secondary battery, the method including applying a composition for forming a positive electrode on a positive electrode current collector to form a positive electrode mixture layer, and rolling the positive electrode mixture layer such that the elongation of the positive electrode current collector is less than 1%, to produce a positive electrode.

Abstract: Provided are a cathode active material including lithium transition metal phosphate particles, including a first secondary particle formed by agglomeration of two or more first primary particles, and a second secondary particle formed by agglomeration of two or more second primary particles in the first secondary particle, and a method of preparing the same. Since the cathode active material may include first and second primary particles having different average particle diameters, the exfoliation of the cathode active material from a cathode collector may be minimized and performance characteristics, such as high output characteristics and an increase in available capacity, of a secondary battery may be further improved.

Abstract: A light-emitting element according to an embodiment of the present document has a transparent electrode having an opening, and the transparent electrode has a protrusion on a side surface of the opening. A second electrode pad is arranged on the opening of the transparent electrode, and abuts the protrusion. Accordingly, peeling of the second electrode pad can be prevented, thereby improving the reliability of the light-emitting element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photoresist composition capable of realizing excellent pattern performance during formation of fine patterns, and of preparing a photoresist film that is excellent in chemical stability of a plating solution, and a photoresist film using the same.

Abstract: Provided are a positive electrode active material for a secondary battery, in which, since the positive electrode active material includes a lithium-metal oxide having high-temperature stability and a metal oxide on a surface of a particle and a surface side in the particle, there is no concern about gas generation, because the occurrence of cracks on the surface of the active material is prevented during charge and discharge, and high-temperature storage stability and life characteristics may be improved when the positive electrode active material is used in the battery, and a secondary battery including the same.

Abstract: An x-ray imaging apparatus and a method of controlling the x-ray imaging apparatus are provided. The x-ray imaging apparatus includes x-ray detectors, and a user interface configured to display sizes of the x-ray detectors, and display a modality in which an x-ray detector, among the x-ray detectors, is usable, while a size of the x-ray detector is displayed.

Abstract: Provided herein may be a display device. The display device may include a substrate, a base layer, a first protrusion and a second protrusion. The substrate may include a pixel area, and a peripheral area surrounding the pixel area. The base layer may be disposed on the pixel area, and include a plurality of island patterns on which respective pixels are provided, and a plurality of bridge patterns coupling the adjacent island patterns to each other, the plurality of island patterns and the plurality of bridge patterns disposed on the first area. The first protrusion and the second protrusion may be provided on the base layer.