Abstract: A semiconductor chip includes a first core region including a first core and a first power line configured to provide a first voltage to the first core, a second core region including a second core and a second power line configured to provide the first voltage to the second core, a cache region between the first core region and the second core region, the cache region including a cache and a third power line providing a second voltage to the cache, and arranged between the first core region and the second core region; and a first power connection line connecting the first power line to the second power line and arranged in the cache region.

Abstract: An operation method of an application system includes receiving a chat room-entry event notifying that a user enters the chat room from a terminal in which an application is installed, generating an entry trigger based on the chat room enter event, and providing user context suitable information inferred based on a user key included in the entry trigger to the chat room.

Abstract: A semiconductor package including a circuit board including a first wiring region, a die mounting region surrounding the first wiring region, and a second wiring region surrounding the die mounting region; a plurality of wiring balls on the first wiring region and the second wiring region and spaced apart from one another, the plurality of wiring balls including a plurality of first wiring balls on the first wiring region and a plurality of second wiring balls on the second wiring region; a die on the die mounting region, the die including a plurality of unit chips spaced apart from one another, and a die-through region corresponding to the first wiring region and exposing the first wiring balls; and a plurality of die balls on the die and the die mounting region, the plurality of die balls being spaced apart from one another and electrically coupled to the circuit board.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for measuring quantum efficiency of a detector using a single pulse laser. Quantum efficiency of the measurement target detector may be measured from 420 nm to 1600 nm having uncertainty of 2% to 4% (K=2) by comparing the reference detector and the measurement target detector significantly different in sensitivity using a single laser pulse as a spectral light source. Also, it is possible to directly compare the two detectors with a significant difference in sensitivity through a very simple setup that causes a portion of a laser pulse output from a light source part to be absorbed by the reference detector and the laser pulse reflected from the reference detector to be irradiated to the measurement target detector.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus is provided. The electronic apparatus includes a storage and a processor to generate first training data by performing transformation for first original data based on at least one first transform function input according to a user input, store first metadata including the at least one first transform function in the storage, generate second training data by performing transformation for second original data based on at least one first transform function included in the stored first metadata, generate third training data by performing transformation for the second training data based on at least one second transform function input according to a user input, and store second metadata including the at least one first transform function and the at least one second transform function in the storage.

Abstract: A semiconductor chip includes a first core region including a first core and a first power line configured to provide a first voltage to the first core, a second core region including a second core and a second power line configured to provide the first voltage to the second core, a cache region between the first core region and the second core region, the cache region including a cache and a third power line providing a second voltage to the cache, and arranged between the first core region and the second core region; and a first power connection line connecting the first power line to the second power line and arranged in the cache region.

Abstract: A semiconductor package may include a first substrate, a second substrate at least partially surrounding the first substrate, the first substrate disposed in an opening penetrating the second substrate, and a semiconductor chip on the first substrate. The first substrate may be spaced apart from the second substrate in the opening, and a thickness of the first substrate may be less than a thickness of the second substrate.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for measuring quantum efficiency of a detector using a single pulse laser. Quantum efficiency of the measurement target detector may be measured from 420 nm to 1600 nm having uncertainty of 2% to 4% (K=2) by comparing the reference detector and the measurement target detector significantly different in sensitivity using a single laser pulse as a spectral light source. Also, it is possible to directly compare the two detectors with a significant difference in sensitivity through a very simple setup that causes a portion of a laser pulse output from a light source part to be absorbed by the reference detector and the laser pulse reflected from the reference detector to be irradiated to the measurement target detector.

Abstract: An optical diode. A cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) layer has a selective reflection wavelength band with a left-handed helical structure, and a phase shifter for changing a phase difference between two intrinsic polarized light components of left-handed circularly polarized light having a wavelength within the selective reflection wavelength band of the CLC layer. When left-handed circularly polarized light having a wavelength within the selective reflection wavelength band of the CLC layer is incident on the phase shifter in the optical diode, the phase shifter turns the left-handed circularly polarized light into right-handed circularly polarized light, which can be transmitted through the CLC layer. When left-handed circularly polarized light having a wavelength within the selective reflection wavelength band of the CLC layer is incident on the CLC layer, it is selectively reflected by the CLC layer.

Abstract: An optical diode which can lower the cost and save electric power is provided. An optical diode 21 of the present invention comprises a cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) layer 2 having a selective reflection wavelength band with a left-handed helical structure, and a phase shifter 24 for changing the phase difference between two intrinsic polarized light components of left-handed circularly polarized light having a wavelength within the selective reflection wavelength band of the CLC layer 2. When left-handed circularly polarized light having a wavelength within the selective reflection wavelength band of the CLC layer 2 is incident on the phase shifter 24 in the optical diode 21, for example, the phase shifter 24 turns the left-handed circularly polarized light into right-handed circularly polarized light, this right-handed circularly polarized light can be transmitted through the CLC layer 2.