Abstract: Provided herein may be an electronic device and a method of operating the same. The electronic device may include a memory device, and a controller configured to receive an inbound protocol information unit (PIU) from an external device and control the memory device based on the inbound PIU, wherein the inbound PIU includes a basic header segment including information about an extra header segment (EHS) length, and an extra header segment defined by the EHS length, and wherein the controller is configured to generate an error message depending on whether the PIU includes an error related to the extra header segment.

Abstract: A data coding device may include a raw data storage configured to store raw data of which the total number of bits is 2N, a previous data storage configured to store previous data output before the raw data, a counter configured to count the number of reference data bits included in the raw data, and a data output circuit configured to invert and output the raw data according to a comparison result with the previous data when the number of reference data bits included in the raw data is N, and invert and output the raw data according to the number of reference data bits included in the raw data when the number of reference data bits included in the raw data is not N.

Abstract: A data coding device may include a raw data storage configured to store raw data of which the total number of bits is 2N, a previous data storage configured to store previous data output before the raw data, a counter configured to count the number of reference data bits included in the raw data, and a data output circuit configured to invert and output the raw data according to a comparison result with the previous data when the number of reference data bits included in the raw data is N, and invert and output the raw data according to the number of reference data bits included in the raw data when the number of reference data bits included in the raw data is not N.

Abstract: The present technology relates to an electronic device. According to the present technology, a storage device includes a plurality of nonvolatile memory devices, a buffer memory configured to temporarily store data provided by the memory devices, and a controller including a descriptor queue storing a plurality of descriptors, wherein the controller controls the memory devices to perform a read operation corresponding to a first descriptor among the plurality of descriptors, performs a first status check operation of checking whether read data read through the read operation is stored in the buffer memory, and determines, based on a result of the first status check operation, read data to be output to an external device from among the read data read through the read operation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to manage call control in a Computer Telephone Interface (CTI) system includes: a computer terminal to generate a call control message including call control identification information using a CTI application program in response to a call control command from a user, and transmitting the generated call control message; wireless terminals to perform call control upon receipt of the call control message; and an exchange to receive the call control message from the computer terminal, and to maintain the call control message generated by the computer terminal unchanged and to interface it to a corresponding one of the wireless terminals in response to the call control identification information being detected from the received call control message.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to manage call control in a Computer Telephone Interface (CTI) system includes: a computer terminal to generate a call control message including call control identification information using a CTI application program in response to a call control command from a user, and transmitting the generated call control message; wireless terminals to perform call control upon receipt of the call control message; and an exchange to receive the call control message from the computer terminal, and to maintain the call control message generated by the computer terminal unchanged and to interface it to a corresponding one of the wireless terminals in response to the call control identification information being detected from the received call control message.