Abstract: A system and method for preparing epoxy chloropropane is provided in that by coupling three stages of high gravity reactors, the product epoxy chloropropane and water vapor are distilled from a reaction system in form of an azeotrope by adopting a water vapor steam stripping method. Further, by combining the azeotrope with the multiples stages of high gravity reactors, the gas phase mass transfer and the liquid phase mass transfer of the azeotrope are improved aiming at the features of the azeotrope in the reaction system, thus making the overall conversion rate higher. In addition, by combining steam stripping and high gravity, dichloropropanol and alkali solution are rapidly mixed for mass transfer, and the product epoxy chloropropane is rapidly distilled from the reaction system in the form of the azeotrope, such that the reaction proceeds continuously towards the direction of producing epoxy chloropropane, thus significantly improving the conversion rate.

Abstract: The present application provides a continuous preparation system and method for vinylidene chloride. In the present application, by coupling two stages of high gravity reactors, the product vinylidene chloride and water vapor are distilled from a reaction system in form of an azeotrope by adopting a water vapor steam stripping method, and the product obtained using the method has high purity. In addition, by combining steam stripping and high gravity, trichloroethane and alkali solution are rapidly mixed for mass transfer, and the product vinylidene chloride is rapidly distilled from the reaction system in form of the azeotrope (based on rapid diffusion of water vapor), such that the reaction proceeds continuously towards the direction of producing vinylidene chloride, thus significantly improving the conversion rate.

Abstract: A reaction apparatus used for a continuous reaction process for the preparation of trifluoroethane includes a housing, a rotary cutting component, a submersible pump and a flow deflector. The flow deflector includes two sets of flow-deflecting plates, each set of said flow-deflecting plates including a plurality of flow-deflecting plates. Two sets of flow-deflecting plates are fixed to each of the two opposing side walls, and the two adjacent flow-deflecting plates are in offset alignment. The submersible pump is arranged inside the reaction chamber body. A liquid inlet line can connect a directly to the submersible pump without requiring the arrangement of an additional pipeline.

Abstract: Resistive switching memory elements are provided that may contain electroless metal electrodes and metal oxides formed from electroless metal. The resistive switching memory elements may exhibit bistability and may be used in high-density multi-layer memory integrated circuits. Electroless conductive materials such as nickel-based materials may be selectively deposited on a conductor on a silicon wafer or other suitable substrate. The electroless conductive materials can be oxidized to form a metal oxide for a resistive switching memory element. Multiple layers of conductive materials can be deposited each of which has a different oxidation rate. The differential oxidization rates of the conductive layers can be exploited to ensure that metal oxide layers of desired thicknesses are formed during fabrication.

Abstract: Embodiments of the current invention describe a method of plating platinum selectively on a copper film using a self-initiated electroless process. In particular, platinum films are plated onto very thin copper films having a thickness of less than 300 angstroms. The electroless plating solution and the resulting structure are also described. This process has applications in the semiconductor processing of logic devices, memory devices, and photovoltaic devices.

Abstract: A method to efficiently and continuously produce microspheres of natural oils and fats having a high melting point, the average particle diameter of which is in dozens of &mgr;m and is uniform, comprising the steps of heating oils and fats having a high melting point to a temperature greater than the melting point thereof to liquify same holding the oils and fats in a liquid state, forming a dispersed phase of the liquid oils and fats, pressurizing the dispersed phase and forming emulsions by dispersing the dispersed phase into a continuous phase via a plurality of microchannels, and isolating microspheres of the oils and fats having a high melting point by removing the continuous phase from the emulsions.