Abstract: The present invention relates to an intra prediction method and apparatus. The image decoding method according to the present invention may comprise decoding information on intra prediction; and generating a prediction block by performing intra prediction for a current block based on the information on intra prediction. The information on intra prediction may include information on an intra prediction mode, and the intra prediction mode may include a curved intra prediction mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and system for providing language learning services. The method of providing language learning services, according to the present invention, the method may include: activating, in response to receiving an input for acquiring a learning target image through a user terminal, a camera of the user terminal; specifying at least a portion of an image taken by the camera as the learning target image; receiving language learning information for the learning target image from a server; providing the language learning information to the user terminal; and storing, based on a request for storing of the language learning information, the language learning information in association with the learning target image, such that the learning target image is used in conjunction with learning of the language learning information.

Abstract: An example electronic device includes a housing; a touchscreen display; a microphone; at least one speaker; a button disposed on a portion of the housing or set to be displayed on the touchscreen display; a wireless communication circuit; a processor; and a memory. When a user interface is not displayed on the touchscreen display, the electronic device enables a user to receive a user input through the button, receives user speech through the microphone, and then provides data on the user speech to an external server. An instruction for performing a task is received from the server. When the user interface is displayed on the touchscreen display, the electronic device enables the user to receive the user input through the button, receives user speech through the microphone, and then provides data on the user speech to the external server.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a decoding method and apparatus and an encoding method and apparatus for deriving an intra-prediction mode. An intra-prediction mode may be derived using a method for deriving an intra-prediction mode based on a neighbor block of the target block, a method for deriving an intra-prediction mode using signaling of the intra-prediction mode of the target block, or a method for deriving an adaptive intra-prediction mode based on the type of a target slice. An MPM list may be used to derive the intra-prediction mode, and a temporal neighbor block or the like may be used to configure the MPM list.

Abstract: Disclosed is a case for a battery module including a body having an internal space; and an end plate disposed on an end of the body, wherein the body includes a bottom plate on which a coolant flow path through which a coolant flows is formed, and wherein the end plate includes a coolant flow tube through which the coolant flows and a connection portion extending from the coolant flow tube and coupled to the coolant flow path.

Abstract: An image decoding method is disclosed in the present specification. An image decoding method according to the present invention may include: determining a position of a co-located block of a current block within a co-located picture (co-located picture); determining a representative motion vector of the current block by using motion information at the position of the co-located block; and deriving motion information on a sub-block included in the current block by using the representative motion vector.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a decoding method and apparatus and an encoding method and apparatus that perform inter-prediction using a motion vector predictor. For a candidate block in a col picture, a scaled motion vector is generated based on a motion vector of the candidate block. When the scaled motion vector indicates a target block, a motion vector predictor of the target block is generated based on the motion vector of the candidate block. The motion vector predictor is used to derive the motion vector of the target block in a specific inter-prediction mode such as a merge mode and an AMVP mode.

Abstract: The present it relates to a video encoding/decoding method and apparatus. The video decoding method according to the present invention may comprise c coding filter information on a coding unit; classifying samples in the coding unit into classes on a per block classification unit basis; and filtering the coding unit having the samples classified into the classes on a per block classification unit basis by using the filter information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding/decoding method and apparatus. The image decoding method according to the present invention may comprise configuring an MPM list based on intra-prediction modes of neighbor blocks of a current block and a number of frequencies of the intra-prediction modes of the neighbor blocks, deriving an intra-prediction mode of the current block based on the MPM list, and performing intra-prediction for the current block based on the intra-prediction mode.

Abstract: A super-steep switching device and an inverter device using the same are disclosed. The super-steep switching device includes a semiconductor channel disposed on a substrate and made of a semiconductor material having impact ionization characteristic; a source electrode and a drain electrode in contact with the semiconductor channel, wherein the source electrode and the drain electrode are disposed on the substrate and are spaced apart from each other; and a gate electrode disposed on the semiconductor channel so as to overlap only a portion of the semiconductor channel, wherein a top surface of the semiconductor channel includes a first area overlapping the gate electrode, and a second area non-overlapping the gate electrode, wherein a ratio of a length of the first area and a length of the second area is in a range of 1:0.1 to 0.4.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding/decoding method and apparatus. An image encoding method according to the present invention may comprise generating a transform block by performing at least one of transform and quantization; grouping at least one coefficient included in the transform block into at least one coefficient group (CG); scanning at least one coefficient included in the coefficient group; and encoding the at least one coefficient.

Abstract: Provided is an unconstrained vibration damping metal sheet with foam pores. The unconstrained vibration damping metal sheet of the present invention comprises: a metal sheet; an organic-inorganic pretreatment layer containing an acrylic resin formed on the metal sheet; and a foam resin layer formed on the pretreatment layer, the foam resin layer containing, based on weight % thereof, a thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride resin: 40-80%, a plasticizer: 5-40%, a foaming agent: 0.1-10%, an oxide-based crosslinker: 1-4%, and spherical silica: 1-10%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding method and an image decoding method. The image decoding method includes partitioning a picture into a plurality of coding units, constructing a coding unit group including at least one coding unit of the plurality of coding units, obtaining coding information in units of one coding unit group, and decoding at least one coding unit of the plurality of coding units included in the coding unit group by using the obtained coding information.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method is provided. An image decoding method of the present invention may comprise deriving an intra-prediction mode of a current luma block, deriving an intra-prediction mode of a current chroma block based on the intra-prediction mode of the current luma block, generating a prediction block of the current chroma block based on the intra-prediction mode of the current chroma block, and the deriving of an intra-prediction mode of a current chroma block may comprise determining whether or not CCLM (Cross-Component Linear Mode) can be performed for the current chroma block.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus for performing intra prediction mode based intra prediction are provided. An image decoding method may comprise decoding an intra prediction mode of a current block, deriving at least one intra prediction mode from the decoded intra prediction mode of the current block, generating two or more intra prediction blocks using the intra prediction mode of the current block and the derived intra prediction mode, and generating an intra prediction block of the current block based on the two or more intra prediction blocks.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an image decoding method, the method including generating a candidate list including motion information derived from a spatial neighboring block and a temporal neighboring block adjacent to a current block; deriving motion information of the current block using the candidate list; generating a prediction block of the current block using the derived motion information; and updating the derived motion information in a motion information list, wherein the generating of the candidate list is performed in such a manner as to include at least one information of the motion information included in the updated motion information list in a block decoded before the current block.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus for performing intra prediction mode based intra prediction are provided. An image decoding method may comprise decoding an intra prediction mode of a current block, deriving at least one intra prediction mode from the decoded intra prediction mode of the current block, generating two or more intra prediction blocks using the intra prediction mode of the current block and the derived intra prediction mode, and generating an intra prediction block of the current block based on the two or more intra prediction blocks.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method and apparatus for performing representative sample-based intra prediction are provided. An image decoding method may comprise deriving an intra prediction mode of a current block, configuring a reference sample of the current block, and performing intra prediction for the current block based on the intra prediction mode and the reference sample, wherein the intra prediction is representative sample-based prediction.

Abstract: Described herein are highly thermally conductive hybrid carbon fiber composites. The composites are composed of one or more alternating layers of (a) a pyrolytic graphite sheet and (b) carbon fibers impregnated with a resin. The thermal conductivity of the composites is substantially higher when compared independently to the pyrolytic graphite sheet and carbon fibers. In addition to increased thermal conductivity, the composites possess other desirable properties such as increased thermal emissivity and solar absorptivity. The enhanced properties of the composites make them suitable for use in a number of different applications where heat flow is desirable.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of decoding an image and a method of encoding an image. The method of decoding an image includes: obtaining motion-constrained tile set information; determining, on the basis of the motion-constrained tile set information, a first boundary region of a collocated tile set within a reference picture, which corresponds to a motion-constrained tile set; padding a second boundary region corresponding to the first boundary region; and performing inter prediction on the motion-constrained tile set by using a collocated tile set that includes the padded second boundary region.