Abstract: The invention discloses a light-emitting diode and a light-emitting device. The light-emitting diode includes a semiconductor epitaxial stack having first and second surfaces opposite to each other and including a first-type semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second-type semiconductor layer stacked in sequence in a direction from the first surface to the second surface. The active layer includes n periods of quantum well structure, and each period of quantum well structure includes a well layer and a barrier layer deposited sequentially. A first spacer layer is disposed between the first-type semiconductor layer and the active layer, and a ratio of a thickness (nm) of the first spacer layer to a current density (A/cm2) of the light-emitting diode ranges from 0 to 10. In the invention, the thickness of the first spacer layer is adjusted according to the current density of the light-emitting diode to improve the luminous efficiency of the light-emitting diode.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an ecological governance method based on erosion prevention and control for a gentle slope farmland and relates to the technical field of ecological governance of farmlands. The ecological governance method based on erosion prevention and control for a gentle slope farmland includes the following steps: sampling a gentle slope farmland to investigate erosion thereof; and determining erosion of a gentle slope cultivated land and selecting a corresponding recovery strategy based on a detection result of a sample, a soil quality index (SQI), and a comprehensive vegetation quality index (VQI), where the recovery strategy includes a natural recovery method and a biological-farming comprehensive recovery method; enclosing the gentle slope cultivated land, fallowing the gentle slope cultivated land and reducing tillage; exterminating insect pests and poisonous weeds in the enclosed area; and turning over straws under soil by a cultivator. The growth of poisonous weeds is inhibited.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a degassing-free underwater dissolved carbon dioxide detection device and a detection method. The degassing-free underwater dissolved carbon dioxide detection device includes a computer, which is used to provide the driving signal and controlling parameters for the power tuning unit; the computer is connected with a laser driving control module and the power tuning unit, respectively; the laser driving control module is connected with a laser; the laser is connected with a photo-isolator; the photo-isolator is connected with a thulium-doped fiber vertical-cavity laser system; the thulium-doped fiber vertical-cavity laser system is connected with a photoacoustic cell system through a fiber collimator; the photoacoustic cell system is connected with a pre-amplifier circuit and a lock-in amplifier in sequence, and the lock-in amplifier is connected with the computer.

Abstract: A radio-frequency apparatus for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) transmission comprising: at least one first coil resonator and at least one second coil resonator including a plurality of conductive elements, one or more of capacitive elements in each of the at least one first coil resonator and the at least one second coil resonator; the first and second coil resonators are located in a same layer of the radio-frequency apparatus with a same mode, are parallel to an axis of the subject being imaged and are electromagnetically isolated relative to each other; major components of radio-frequency fields generated by the first and second coil resonators extend in a direction that is orthogonal and perpendicular to a main magnetic field; and a combination of the first and second coil resonators are a radio-frequency apparatus to excite nuclear spins for the MRI and the MRS.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and a system for minimizing electromagnetic interference (EMI) of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems in complex electromagnetic environments. The method and system described herein provide superior MRI image quality and may reduce costs by eliminating the requirement of expensive shielding in MRI systems/hybrid MRI systems.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and a system for minimizing electromagnetic interference (EMI) of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems in complex electromagnetic environments. The method and system described herein provide superior MRI image quality and may reduce costs by eliminating the requirement of expensive shielding in MRI systems/hybrid MRI systems.

Abstract: A method for motion correction of Magnetic Resonance (MR) images is provided. The method includes acquiring a k-space dataset for an object using an MR scanner, detecting or identifying corrupted k-space data from the acquired k-space dataset, extracting the corrupted k-space data from the acquired k-space dataset, recovering the corrupted k-space data, combining uncorrupted k-space data of the acquired k-space dataset with the recovered k-space data to form a full k-space dataset, and reconstructing an image for the object based on the full k-space dataset. A magnetic resonance imaging system for correcting corrupted k-space data of an entire k-space dataset is also provided.

Abstract: A method or system for assessing a patient response to a cancer treatment is provided. The method or system includes acquiring at least one base-line radiological image related to a patient immediately before a treatment, acquiring at least one follow-up radiological image during or after the treatment at a predetermined time interval, estimating a first number of specific tumor cells in a region of interest of the patient based on image features of the base-line radiological image using an algorithm or a model, estimating a second number of specific tumor cells in the region of interest of the patient based on image features of the follow-up radiological image using the algorithm or the model, obtaining a difference between the first number of specific tumor cells and the second number of specific tumor cells, and classifying a treatment response to a cancer based on the difference.

Abstract: A method for k-space registration is provided. The method of k-space registration includes receiving a first partial k-space dataset for an object and a second partial k-space dataset for the object, selecting the first partial k-space dataset as a reference, selecting feature for estimating a transformation matrix for transforming k-space data, estimating a transformation matrix based on the feature of entire or part of the first partial k-space dataset and the feature of the second partial k-space dataset corresponding to the entire or part of the first partial k-space dataset, correcting the second partial k-space dataset based on the transformation matrix, and obtaining the corrected second partial k-space dataset. The present method is further used for partial Fourier reconstruction.

Abstract: Described herein are polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies that binds to VSIG3, compounds that modulate the interaction of VISTA and VSIG3, and methods of making and using the polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies and compounds. Also described herein are methods that include modulating the interaction of VISTA and VSIG3 by introducing a compound that modulates the interaction of VISTA and SIG3.

Abstract: The ligand for VISTA is identified (VSIG3) as well as the use of this ligand and receptor interaction in the identification or synthesis of a VSIG3 agonist or antagonist compounds, preferably antibodies, polypeptides and fusion proteins which agonize or antagonize the effects of VSIG3 and/or VISTA and/or the VSIG3/VISTA interaction. These antagonists may be used to suppress VSIG3/VISTA's suppressive effects on T cell immunity, and more particularly used in the treatment of cancer, or infectious disease. These agonist compounds may be used to potentiate or enhance VSIG3/VISTA's suppressive effects on T cell immunity and thereby suppress T cell immunity, such as in the treatment of autoimmunity, allergy or inflammatory conditions. Screening assays for identifying these agonists and antagonist compounds are also provided.

Abstract: A method for spatial resolution enhanced imaging is provided. The method includes determining a target region of a subject being imaged; estimating an achievable spatial resolution; selecting an increased spatial resolution that is greater than a predetermined spatial resolution and equal to or less than the achievable spatial resolution; and acquiring image data of the target region with the increased spatial resolution. A method for enhancing the contrast between the region of interest and other tissue region in the image data acquired with the increased spatial resolution and other tissue region in image data acquired with the predetermined spatial resolution due to the intrinsic partial volume effect is also provided.

Abstract: A method and system for optimizing a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols to improve MRI value are described herein. An example method includes selecting an imaging sequence, selecting at least one objective function from a plurality of objective functions, simulating a relationship between controllable acquisition variables and the objective functions, trade-offing the influence of the controllable acquisition variables for MRI value in whole k-space acquisition to determine optimal acquisition condition, acquiring at least one MR image using the optimal acquisition condition, receiving or estimating outcomes related to the at least one MR image, and evaluating an MR image value for the MR image based on the outcomes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining spatial distribution of a complex radio frequency (RF) of both transmit field and receive sensitivity a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. The method includes estimation of the absolute phase of transmit field using a reference transmit coil or array coils with minimal absolute phase. The method and apparatus include estimation of complex receive sensitivity of a transceiver coil using the complex transmit field of the transceiver coil or array coils.

Abstract: A method for medical imaging using a diffusivity contrast agent is provided. The method includes obtaining the diffusivity contrast agent having specific diffusivity, wherein the diffusivity contrast agent is configured to pass a biological barrier of a subject; administering to the subject a detectable dose of the diffusivity contrast agent for at least one medical imaging modality, where the medical imaging modality includes one or more of MRI, PET, SPECT, CT, x-ray, optical imaging and ultrasound; acquiring one or more post-contrast images for a region of interest after the administration of the diffusivity contrast agent, wherein said post-contrast images include changes in diffusivity of the region of interest compared to one or more images acquired without said diffusivity contrast agent; and characterizing a transport of the diffusivity contrast agent in the region of interest based on the changes in diffusivity of the region of interest.

Abstract: A method and a system for measuring intra-site heterogeneity in a tumor using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The method includes acquiring magnetic resonance (MR) images using MRI modality; segmenting tumor sites in the MR images; dividing each of the tumor sites into a plurality of sub-regions; deriving image biomarkers from each voxel or pixel in the plurality of sub-regions; classifying each voxel or pixel in the plurality of sub-regions into genotypes or molecular subtypes based on the extracted image biomarkers and a classifier model including associations between image biomarkers and genotypes or molecule subtypes; creating a distribution of genotypes or molecular subtypes in the each of the plurality of sub-regions based on classifications of voxels or pixels; generating spatial information of genotypes or molecular subtypes in the tumor sites based on the distribution; and measuring intra-site heterogeneity in the tumor sites.

Abstract: A permittivity apparatus that includes a permittivity material is received. The permittivity material includes one or more types of high permittivity materials. The permittivity apparatus is configured to be placed near or into a region of interest to be imaged. The permittivity apparatus is placed near or into the region of interest such that placing the permittivity apparatus near or into the region of interest changes a local stored electromagnetic energy distribution around or inside the region of interest. MRI images including the region of interest are then acquired. An MRI system includes radiofrequency coils and a permittivity apparatus that includes one or more types of high permittivity materials. The permittivity apparatus is configured to be placed near or into a region of interest to be imaged.

Abstract: A portable system has a magnet, magnet bore and shielding. The magnet bore extends through the magnet, and the magnet bore configured to receive at least some portion of a patient. The shielding forms a shielding area, and the shielding includes one or more layers. The shielding has a material that provides magnetic shielding that reduces or prevents a static magnetic field (SMF); a material that provides electromagnetic shielding and reduces or prevents a time-varying-electromagnetic field (EMF); a removable shielding removable or movable, wherein the patient is able to move into our out of the magnet bore when the removable shielding is in a moved position or a removed position and the removable shielding; and a shielding adapter covering a connection of devices and extending from the exterior of the portable system. All or a portion of the shielding includes a transparent portion.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for producing levulinic acid in a molten salt hydrate from cellulose hydrolysis. An inorganic molten salt hydrate was prepared by mixing an inorganic salt with water, cellulose is added and stirred to dissolve, a solid catalyst is added and heated up for reaction to obtain a reactant, the reactant is cooled and subjected to a separation to obtain the levulinic acid, and the inorganic molten salt hydrate and the solid catalyst obtained after the separation are recycled, wherein the inorganic salt is one or more selected from the group consisting of LiCl, LiBr, CaBr2, Ca(NO3)2, LiNO3 and KNO3.

Abstract: A method for fault location to multi-terminal traveling wave in a direct current distribution line, which belongs to the field of power line fault ranging and location technology. The method includes a main site and a plurality of acquisition points installed into the distribution line and includes steps as follows. Step 1001: collecting and uploading a traveling wave signal by each of the acquisition points after a fault occurs in the line; step 1002: generating a fault record set; step 1003: computing the shortest paths from a central site to other sites and their lengths; step 1004: using expanded two-terminal traveling wave ranging principle for pairing computation; step 1005: converting positions of possible disturbance points into possible disturbance occurrence time points; step 1006: extrapolating from equal path lengths of the possible disturbance points to obtain disturbance time data; and step 1007: determining a final disturbance point.