Abstract: This invention provides methods for attaching a nucleic acid to a solid surface and for sequencing nucleic acid by detecting the identity of each nucleotide analog after the nucleotide analog is incorporated into a growing strand of DNA in a polymerase reaction. The invention also provides nucleotide analogs which comprise unique labels attached to the nucleotide analog through a cleavable linker, and a cleavable chemical group to cap the —OH group at the 3?-position of the deoxyribose.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for attaching a nucleic acid to a solid surface and for sequencing nucleic acid by detecting the identity of each nucleotide analogue after the nucleotide analogue is incorporated into a growing strand of DNA in a polymerase reaction. The invention also provides nucleotide analogues which comprise unique labels attached to the nucleotide analogue through a cleavable linker, and a cleavable chemical group to cap the —OH group at the 3?-position of the deoxyribose.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of determining whether cytosine residues present at a predetermined positions within a single strand of a double stranded DNA of known sequence are methylated as well as compounds for carrying out this method.

Abstract: This invention provides nucleotide analogues each of which comprises a tag comprising one or more Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) acceptor fluorophores, a nucleotide polymerase having one or more FRET donor fluorophores, and methods for sequencing single-stranded

Abstract: This invention provides methods for attaching a nucleic acid to a solid surface and for sequencing nucleic acid by detecting the identity of each nucleotide analogue after the nucleotide analogue is incorporated into a growing strand of DNA in a polymerase reaction. The invention also provides nucleotide analogues which comprise unique labels attached to the nucleotide analogue through a cleavable linker, and a cleavable chemical group to cap the —OH group at the 3?-position of the deoxyribose.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for attaching a nucleic acid to a solid surface and for sequencing nucleic acid by detecting the identity of each nucleotide analogue after the nucleotide analogue is incorporated into a growing strand of DNA in a polymerase reaction. The invention also provides nucleotide analogues which comprise unique labels attached to the nucleotide analogue through a cleavable linker, and a cleavable chemical group to cap the —OH group at the 3?-position of the deoxyribose.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for sequencing single-stranded DNA employing modified nucleotides.

Abstract: This invention provides nucleoside polyphosphate analogues each of which comprises a tag comprising a plurality of Raman-scattering moieties; compounds comprising said nucleoside polyphosphate analogs. This invention also provides nucleotide polymerases with one or more attached and/or conjugated noble metal nanoparticles, wherein the noble metal nanoparticles are surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates thereby creating a region of enhanced sensitivity for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) within or adjacent to the polymerase. This invention also provides a surface with regions of enhanced sensitivity for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy comprising interspersed rough or nanostructured noble metal surface. This invention also provides methods for determining the sequence of a single stranded DNA or RNA polynucleotide using one or more of nucleoside polyphosphate analogues, polymerase with noble metal nanoparticles, and surface with noble metal.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for sequencing nucleic acids using 3? modified deoxynucleotide analogs or 3? modified deoxyinosine triphosphate analogs, and 3? modified dideoxynucleotide analogs having a detectable marker attached to a base thereof.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems and methods for sequencing nucleic acids using nucleotide analogues and translocation of tags from incorporated nucleotide analogues through a nanopore. In aspects, this disclosure is related to composition, method, and system for sequencing a nucleic acid using tag molecules and detection of translocation through a nanopore of tags released from incorporation of the molecule.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for attaching a nucleic acid to a solid surface and for sequencing nucleic acid by detecting the identity of each nucleotide analogue after the nucleotide analogue is incorporated into a growing strand of DNA in a polymerase reaction. The invention also provides nucleotide analogues which comprise unique labels attached to the nucleotide analogue through a cleavable linker, and a cleavable chemical group to cap the —OH group at the 3?-position of the deoxyribose.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for attaching a nucleic acid to a solid surface and for sequencing nucleic acid by detecting the identity of each nucleotide analogue after the nucleotide analogue is incorporated into a growing strand of DNA in a polymerase reaction. The invention also provides nucleotide analogues which comprise unique labels attached to the nucleotide analogue through a cleavable linker, and a cleavable chemical group to cap the —OH group at the 3?-position of the deoxyribose.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems and methods for attaching nanopore-detectable tags to nucleotides. The disclosure also provides methods for sequencing nucleic acids using the disclosed tagged nucleotides.

Abstract: This invention provides novel azido linkers for deoxynucleotide analogues having a detectable marker attached thereto.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for attaching a nucleic acid to a solid surface and for sequencing nucleic acid by detecting the identity of each nucleotide analogue after the nucleotide analogue is incorporated into a growing strand of DNA in a polymerase reaction. The invention also provides nucleotide analogues which comprise unique labels attached to the nucleotide analogue through a cleavable linker, and a cleavable chemical group to cap the —OH group at the 3?-position of the deoxyribose.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for attaching a nucleic acid to a solid surface and for sequencing nucleic acid by detecting the identity of each nucleotide analogue after the nucleotide analogue is incorporated into a growing strand of DNA in a polymerase reaction. The invention also provides nucleotide analogues which comprise unique labels attached to the nucleotide analogue through a cleavable linker, and a cleavable chemical group to cap the —OH group at the 3?-position of the deoxyribose.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for attaching a nucleic acid to a solid surface and for sequencing nucleic acid by detecting the identity of each nucleotide analogue after the nucleotide analogue is incorporated into a growing strand of DNA in a polymerase reaction. The invention also provides nucleotide analogues which comprise unique labels attached to the nucleotide analogue through a cleavable linker, and a cleavable chemical group to cap the —OH group at the 3?-position of the deoxyribose.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for attaching a nucleic acid to a solid surface and for sequencing nucleic acid by detecting the identity of each nucleotide analogue after the nucleotide analogue is incorporated into a growing strand of DNA in a polymerase reaction. The invention also provides nucleotide analogues which comprise unique labels attached to the nucleotide analogue through a cleavable linker, and a cleavable chemical group to cap the —OH group at the 3?-position of the deoxyribose.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for attaching a nucleic acid to a solid surface and for sequencing nucleic acid by detecting the identity of each nucleotide analogue after the nucleotide analogue is incorporated into a growing strand of DNA in a polymerase reaction. The invention also provides nucleotide analogues which comprise unique labels attached to the nucleotide analogue through a cleavable linker, and a cleavable chemical group to cap the —OH group at the 3?-position of the deoxyribose.

Abstract: This invention provides methods for attaching a nucleic acid to a solid surface and for sequencing nucleic acid by detecting the identity of each nucleotide analogue after the nucleotide analogue is incorporated into a growing strand of DNA in a polymerase reaction. The invention also provides nucleotide analogues which comprise unique labels attached to the nucleotide analogue through a cleavable linker, and a cleavable chemical group to cap the —OH group at the 3?-position of the deoxyribose.