Abstract: Provided are a distributed collaborative privacy calculation method and system for carbon emission in a plurality of power grids. An electricity quantity exchange matrix between regions, and a power generation information matrix, an electricity quantity exchange matrix, and a power-generation carbon emission information matrix of each region are constructed. A corresponding electricity carbon flow information matrix is calculated based on the power generation information matrix and the electricity quantity exchange matrix of each region. An electricity carbon emission balance equation is constructed, and an electricity carbon emission factor matrix of each region is calculated, where the electricity carbon emission factor matrix is constituted by an electricity carbon emission factor of a sub-region.