Abstract: Provided herein are methods of separating host cell lipases from a production protein in chromatographic processes and methods of improving polysorbate-80 stability in a production protein formulation by separating host cell lipases from the production protein using chromatographic processes. Also provided herein are compositions comprising antibodies or antigen binding fragments thereof that bind to cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4 (CTLA4). In another aspect, such compositions further comprise a reduced level of host cell proteins and/or increased level of polysorbate-80 (PS-80) stability.

Abstract: A relief valve including a body defining an inlet. A valve closure element is disposed at least partially within the body and arranged to allow selective flow through the relief valve in response to a predetermined pressure. An outlet housing that is separate from and coupled to the inlet housing is rotatable with respect to the inlet housing. The outlet housing defines an outlet that is in selective communication with the inlet.

Abstract: A relief valve including a body defining an inlet. A valve closure element is disposed at least partially within the body and arranged to allow selective flow through the relief valve in response to a predetermined pressure. An outlet housing that is separate from and coupled to the inlet housing is rotatable with respect to the inlet housing. The outlet housing defines an outlet that is in selective communication with the inlet.

Abstract: A medical gas manifold including a bank body formed as a single body and including a primary bank regulator valve body and a secondary bank regulator valve body, a primary bank regulator received within the primary bank regulator valve body, a secondary bank regulator received in the secondary bank regulator valve body, a line body formed as a single body and including a first line regulator valve body and a second line regulator valve body, a first line regulator received in the first line regulator valve body, a second line regulator received in the second line regulator valve body, a primary ball valve fluidly coupling the first line regulator to the bank body, and a secondary ball valve fluidly coupling the second line regulator to the bank body.

Abstract: The nature of the technical disclosures of my new invention will demonstrate visually and with expression, the uniqueness of having a “Utility Pouch and Attachments” to carry school supplies or to a work place around the waist. The art of this new invention will minimize looking in back packs for certain school supplies or not enough storage spaces at work to place them; when these supplies are ready and available in separate attachments around the waist.

Abstract: An electro-chemical process for rehabilitating steel reinforced concrete, wherein a distributed flow of electrical current is established between internally embedded reinforcing steel, connected as a cathode, and an external, distributed electrode, connected as an anode. Current flow at a rate of at least 0.1 ampere per square meter of surface area of the embedded reinforcement is continued for a time sufficient to provide a total charge of at least about 100, but not substantially more than 2000, ampere-hours per square meter of surface area of the embedded reinforcement. This results in steel with a clean surface, surrounded by concrete which is chloride free and highly alkaline. After discontinuance of the electrochemical treatment, the embedded steel slowly passivates by forming a protective surface oxide. The process is significantly more economical than known procedures, yet is reliably effective.

Abstract: An electrochemical process for the removal of chloride ions from reinforced concrete includes passing a direct current between (i) an anode in electrical contact with the adherent coating containing a water retaining adhesive material, and an aqueous electrolyte applied to an external surface of the concrete and (ii) a cathode which is located internally in the concrete. According to the process, chloride ions are caused to migrate to the anode. In order to reduce the production of chlorine gas, the coating contains, as a chlorine scavenger, solid calcium hydroxide or barium hydroxide, or mixtures thereof. The chlorine scavenger is most preferably present in an amount of at least 8%, and more preferably 20 to 50%, by weight based on the dry weight of the water retaining material.

Abstract: This invention relates to electron emitting semiconductor materials for use in dynodes, dynode devices incorporating such materials, and methods of making the dynode devices. In particular, the invention relates to emissive materials having an electron affinity that is negative and which have low resistivity. The invention also relates to electronic devices such as electron multipliers, ion detectors, and photomultiplier tubes incorporating the dynodes comprising the materials, and to methods for fabricating the electronic devices. The secondary electron emitters of the present invention comprise wide bandgap semiconductor films selected from diamond, AlN, BN, Ga.sub.1-y Al.sub.y N where 0.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1 and (AlN).sub.x (SiC).sub.1-x where 0.2.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.1. The films are preferably single crystal or polycrystalline. The films may be continuous or patterned.

Abstract: Diamond and diamond-like materials having photochemically modified surfaces, and a process for photochemically modifying the surface of diamond and diamond-like materials. Preferably, the substrate to be modified is a single crystal, polycrystalline film or powder of diamond or any silicon carbide polytype. Photochemical modification of the surface enables the addition or exchange of specific surface functional groups. These surface modifiers change the chemical, adhesive and electronic properties of the diamond and diamond-like substrate materials. The modified subtrates are useful for producing semiconductor devices for use at high temperatures, high powers, and in otherwise harsh environments.

Abstract: A process and system for rehabilitating mature concrete structures, which have become carbonated and/or infused with chlorides and thus represent a corrosive environment for internal reinforcing steel. The surface of the concrete is first repaired with a special mortar having resistivity and capillarity consistent with the parent concrete and the process requirements. An elongated, flat, flexible, ribbon-like electrode element is supported in spaced relation over the surface of a concrete area to be treated, being threaded back and forth and oriented in edgewise fashion to the concrete surface. Thereafter a self-adherent, cohesive mixture of delignified cellulose pulp fibers and a liquid electrolyte solution is sprayed onto the surface of the concrete, to a level to cover and embed the ribbon-like electrode element, forming an electrolytic medium associated with the electrode element.

Abstract: An improvement for a dual flush mechanism which permits a partial flush of a toilet in addition to the full flush. When the operator pushes the partial flush handle down, the partial flush mechanism lifts the flapper valve off the annular valve seat a small distance by raising the connected flush lever arm a similarly small distance. The improvement is a flush lever arm holder adapted to suspend the flush lever arm in the slightly raised partial flush position after the operator has released the partial flush handle. More particularly, a rotatable cam resides on a plate secured to the toilet tank wall, the cam, operably attached to a float, engages the underside of the flush lever arm such that the float holds the rotatable cam under the flush lever arm to secure it in the raised position during the partial flush. As the water level in the toilet tank falls, the float begins to fall with the water and lowers the cam holding up the flush lever arm.

Abstract: A process for rehabilitation of internally reinforced concrete which comprises applying to surface areas of the concrete a temporary sprayed-on layer of a self-adherent, electrolytic material comprised of cellulosic pulp fiber mixed with liquid electrolyte. A distributed electrode means, preferably a wire grid, is embedded between layers of the self-adherent coating, and preferably is supported by spaced-apart, non-conductive battens. Voltage sufficient to develop a current of about 1-5 amps/m.sup.2 is applied between the reinforcement and the distributed electrode, to cause migration of chloride ions from the concrete into the electrolytic coating. When the chloride content of the concrete has been reduced to a desired level, the voltage is discontinued and the adherent electrolytic coating and distributed electrode are removed. Preferred electrolytes include water or other solutions, such as calcium hydroxide.

Abstract: A process and system for rehabilitating mature concrete structures, which have become carbonated and/or infused with chlorides and thus represent a corrosive environment for internal reinforcing steel. The surface of the concrete is first repaired with a special mortar having resistivity and capilarity consistent with the parent concrete and the process requirements. An elongated, flat, flexible, ribbon-like electrode element is supported in spaced relation over the surface of a concrete area to be treated, being threaded back and forth and oriented in edgewise fashion to the concrete surface. Thereafter a self-adherent, cohesive mixture of delignified cellulose pulp fibers and a liquid electrolyte solution is sprayed onto the surface of the concrete, to a level to cover and embed the ribbon-like electrode element, forming an electrolytic medium associated with the electrode element.

Abstract: A process for adjusting the steel-to-concrete bond strength in a hardened concrete structure having embedded steel elements. A source of DC voltage, preferably in the range of 5-40 volts, is connected at its negative side to the embedded steel and at its positive side to an external distributed electrode formed on the surface of the concrete structure. The external electrode may, for example, be a self-adherent electrolytic mass of moist pulp fiber, a conductive coating, or the like. Application of voltage to the structure and the resulting current flow between embedded steel and the external electrode, initially results in a progressive reduction in the steel-to-concrete bond strength. This can be particularly useful in connection with pre-tensioned or post-tensioned structures. Continued application of the voltage results in a progressive increase in bond strength, ultimately reaching a maximum strength significantly above initial values.

Abstract: A process for rehabilitation of internally reinforced concrete which comprises the temporary application of an adherent coating of an electrolytic material, formed of cellulosic pulp to surface areas of the concrete. Distributed electrode means, preferably a ferrous metal wire grid, is embedded in the adherent coating. Voltage sufficient to develop a current of about 1-5 amps/m.sup.2 is applied between the reinforcement and the distributed electrode, to cause migration of chloride ions from the concrete into the electrolytic coating. When the chloride content of the concrete has been reduced to a desired level, the voltage is discontinued and the electrolytic coating and distributed electrode are removed. Particularly for tensioned reinforcement, the process monitors polarization of the tensioned steel to prevent hydrogen embrittlement.

Abstract: A process for rehabilitation of internally reinforced concrete which comprises the temporary application of an adherent coating of an electrolytic material to surface areas of the concrete. Distributed electrode means, preferably a wire grid, is embedded in the adherent coating. Voltage sufficient to develop a current of about 1-5 amps/m.sup.2 is applied between the reinforcement and the distributed electrode, to cause migration of chloride ions from the concrete into the electrolytic coating. When the chloride content of the concrete has been reduced to a desired level, the voltage is discontinued and the electrolytic coating and distributed electrode are removed. A highly preferred material for the adherent electrolytic layer is cellulosic pulp, premixed with water or other solution (such as calcium hydroxide) in a nozzle and sprayed onto the surface of the area being treated.

Abstract: A method for realkalizing concrete, layers of which have become carbonated and thus acidified as result of exposure to air of the surface of the concrete. The method presupposes that the concrete still contains adjacent layers that have not yet become carbonated. A substantially water-tight adherent coating is applied to the surface of the concrete that is exposed to air. Thereafter, the concrete is caused to become saturated with water from a source external to the concrete structure, and this condition of saturation is maintained for a period of time sufficient to effect a diffusion of alkaline materials from the relatively less carbonated layers of the concrete into the relatively more carbonated layers thereof. The carbonated layers thus become realkalized, so that further deterioration of the concrete structure is significantly arrested.

Abstract: An electro-osmotic dewatering procedure is disclosed for removing water from saturated, porous building materials, such as concrete, brick and the like. A controlled, cyclical voltage is applied to an electrode system, to effect osmotic migration of water from an anode electrode, located within the structure or in contact with it, to a cathode electrode, typically spaced from the structure but in electrical circuit with it. The cycle of operations includes a first energy pulse in a direction to effect osmotic migration, followed by a substantially shorter but definite pulse of reverse polarity to prevent or minimize formation of insulating gas films and/or corrosion products. Transition from the primary pulse to the reverse pulse, and from the reverse pulse to the subsequent primary pulse, is at a controlled rate to permit discharge of stored voltage, as a function of inherent capacitance of the system, and to avoid generation of RFI radiations.

Abstract: A doll having bendable knees is capable of moving between a standing position and a sitting position. The doll has a pair of arm members pivotally connected to a torso at the shoulder and a pair of leg members pivotally connected to the torso at the hip and each leg member has an upper member and a lower leg member joined thereto at the knee. The upper and lower leg members are movable relative to one another about the knee joint. The arm members are connected to the leg members inside the torso by cables. In the standing position, the arms and legs are positioned generally vertical relative to the torso. Moving one arm member from the vertical position to raised position generally perpendicular to the torso causes simultaneous movement of the upper leg members between the standing position and a sitting position with the upper leg members aligned generally perpendicular to the torso.

Abstract: A process is described which makes it possible to locate, on the surface, those zones of reinforced concrete structures which have been damaged or are liable to be damaged by corrosion of the metal strengthening elements embedded in the concrete, with a view to repairing the zones. A process is also described which makes it possible to monitor, continuously or intermittently, the effectiveness of the repairs made to reinforced concrete structures.