Abstract: The invention is a porous gas diffusion electrode suitable for manufacturing hydrogen peroxide by the reduction of oxygen in an alkaline electrolyte and of a process for fabricating the electrode.

Abstract: The invention is an electrochemical cell which is useful to reduce oxygen to hydrogen peroxide at a cathode and a process employing the cell. The cell not only avoids the safety hazard of a hydrogen explosion of the prior art cells but also avoids the need for a rigid separating means and cathode.

Abstract: The invention is an electrochemical cell which is useful to reduce oxygen to hydrogen peroxide at a cathode. The cell avoids the safety hazard of a hydrogen explosion of the prior art cells. The cell has an added advantage in that the dimensions of the cathode are not limited by hydrostatic pressures or by the capacity of the channels and pores of the cathode.

Abstract: The present invention is a layered article of manufacture or quilt suitable to be useful to construct an electrolytic cell for manufacturing hydrogen peroxide. In use the quilt is placed upon a planar anode and the upper surface contacted with a current collector.

Abstract: The invention is a method for operating a cell or plurality of cells for manufacturing hydrogen peroxide by reducing oxygen contained in the air. The method comprises directing air free from carbon dioxide over a cathode surface comprising an exterior surface of the cell. The oxygen from the air diffuses into the porous cathode and is reduced to hydrogen peroxide at the surface of an alkaline electrolyte.

Abstract: The invention provides a process to maintain the anolyte pH within a range of 1 pH unit while manufacturing potassium peroxydiphosphate on a commercial scale. The process comprises electrolyzing an alkaline anolyte containing potassium, phosphate, and hydroxyl ions at a platinum or noble metal anode optionally in the presence of a reaction promoter. The catholyte, an alkali metal hydroxide, is separated from the anolyte by at least two separating means, one separating means permeable to either anions or cations, but not both, and the other separating means permeable to an ion excluded by the first separating means.

Abstract: The invention provides a process to manufacture fluoride-free potassium peroxydiphosphate on a commercial scale. The process comprises electrolyzing an alkaline anolyte containing potassium, phosphate, nitrate and hydroxyl ions at a platinum or noble metal anode. The catholyte is separated from the anolyte by a separating means permeable to at least one ion contained in the anolyte or catholyte.

Abstract: The invention provides a process to maintain the anolyte pH in the desired range while manufacturing potassium peroxydiphosphate on a commercial scale. The process comprises electrolyzing an alkaline anolyte containing potassium, phosphate, and hydroxyl ions at a platinum or noble metal anode optionally in the presence of a reaction promoter. The catholyte, an alkali metal hydroxide, is separated from the anolyte by a separating means permeable to anions permitting hydroxyl ions to be transferred into the anolyte thereby maintaining the pH of the anolyte in the desired range.

Abstract: A method of spray drying 1-3-8 sodium aluminum phosphate reaction mixtures by the steps:(A) forming an aqueous 1-3-8 SALP reaction mixture by reacting Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3,Al(OH).sub.3 and H.sub.3 PO.sub.4 in a Na:Al:PO.sub.4 atomic ratio of 1:3:8 at a water content between about 30% and about 48% and in the presence of an effective amount of a non-toxic, substantially, water soluble metal sulfate as a precipitation inhibitor;(B) adding sufficient water to (A) to form a sprayable solution, and(C) spray drying the solution of (B) and recovering the dried product.

Abstract: Organic phosphate solvents used in the extraction of phosphoric acid from impure phosphoric acid solutions, and from which the phosphoric acid has been stripped, are washed with an aqueous alkali orthophosphate solution to remove impurities, particularly silica, fluorine and organic impurities, from the solvent prior to re-use.