Abstract: The present invention relates to a brain tumor animal model that directly reflects the phenomenon in a human patient and a method of preparing the same, and more specifically, a brain tumor animal model that mutations are introduced into p53, Pten, and EGFR genes, a screening method of a therapeutic agent for a brain tumor using the animal model, and a preparing method thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for simultaneously measuring a surface normal vector and a surface reflection function in microscale. The system includes a light dome having a hemispherical-shaped structure and including LEDs to radiate light to an object placed therein; a macro lens installed camera arranged over the light dome to photograph the object through a hole formed at a center of the light dome under an environment in which a light is radiated from the light dome; an xyz micro-translation stage arranged under the light dome and configured to move in xyz-directions to adjust a focal distance between the macro lens installed camera and the object, and a measurement unit configured to control the light dome and the macro lens installed camera to obtain a microscale image, and configured to simultaneously measure a surface normal vector and a surface reflection function of the object based on the microscale image.

Abstract: A method of forming a thin film includes forming a niobium-containing film on a substrate by using a niobium precursor composition and a reactant, the niobium precursor composition including a niobium compound represented by Formula (1): Nb(R5Cp)2(L)??Formula (1) (where each R is independently H, a C1 to C6 alkyl group, or R13Si, with each R1 being independently H or a C1 to C6 alkyl group, Cp is a cyclopentadienyl group, and L is a formamidinate, an amidinate, or a guanidinate.

Abstract: A portable device and method for controlling a screen in the portable device are provided. More specifically, a portable device for, upon termination of a camera application, displaying a shortcut icon corresponding to the last operated camera on a home screen, and a method for controlling a screen in the portable device are provided. A portable device for, upon termination of a camera application, displaying a shortcut icon corresponding to the last operated camera between a front camera and a rear camera on a home screen, and a method for controlling a screen in the portable device are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for simultaneously measuring a surface normal vector and a surface reflection function in microscale. The system includes a light dome having a hemispherical-shaped structure and including LEDs to radiate light to an object placed therein; a macro lens installed camera arranged over the light dome to photograph the object through a hole formed at a center of the light dome under an environment in which a light is radiated from the light dome; an xyz micro-translation stage arranged under the light dome and configured to move in xyz-directions to adjust a focal distance between the macro lens installed camera and the object, and a measurement unit configured to control the light dome and the macro lens installed camera to obtain a microscale image, and configured to simultaneously measure a surface normal vector and a surface reflection function of the object based on the microscale image.

Abstract: A method of controlling a mobile terminal, and which includes displaying a touch keypad on a touch screen of the mobile terminal, the touch keypad including character input regions, at least one specific character input region including a first character symbol and a second character symbol; displaying an output window above the touch keypad, the output window displaying character symbols touched on the character input regions; receiving a touch selection signal indicating a touch selection of the specific character input region; as long as the received touch selection signal is received, displaying the keypad and a new character input region with the second character symbol being displayed larger than the second character symbol displayed in the specific character input region; and displaying the second character symbol in the output window when the touch selection is released from the new character input region.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for acquiring an image in an electronic device are provided. The method includes acquiring a first image using an image sensor that comprises a plurality of first pixels having a first exposure and a plurality of second pixels having a second exposure, determining a reference exposure value based on image information, adjusting at least one of the first exposure or the second exposure based on the reference exposure value, and acquiring a second image using the image sensor based on exposure control.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of forming a thin film. The method includes forming a niobium-containing film by using a niobium precursor composition and a reactant, the niobium precursor composition including a niobium compound represented by Formula (1): Nb(R5Cp)2(L)??Formula (1) (where each R is independently H, a C1 to C6 alkyl group, or R13Si, with each R1 being independently H or a C1 to C6 alkyl group, Cp is a cyclopentadienyl group, and L is selected from among formamidinates (NR, R?-fmd), amidinates (NR, R?, R?-amd), and guanidinates (NR, R?, NR?, R??-gnd)).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for acquiring an image of a subject are provided. The method for acquiring the image of the subject includes acquiring a first preliminary image and a second preliminary image of the subject through an image sensor operatively coupled to an electronic device, determining a candidate emission time relating to an acquisition of an output image of the subject, based on a difference between state information of at least part of the first preliminary image and state information of at least part of the second preliminary image, comparing the candidate emission time with a time corresponding to a synchronization period where a plurality of lines of the image sensor simultaneously acquires the output image, and acquiring the output image of the subject based on the comparison.

Abstract: Provided are a nanopore device with resolution improved by graphene nanopores, and a method of manufacturing the same. The nanopore device includes: a first insulating layer; a graphene layer disposed on the first insulating layer and having a nanopore formed at a center portion of the graphene layer; and first and second electrode layers disposed respectively at both sides of the nanopore on a top surface of the graphene layer, wherein a center region of the first insulating layer is removed such that the center portion of the graphene layer is exposed to the outside.

Abstract: A nanogap device which may include a first insulation layer having a nanopore formed therein, a first channel layer which may be on the first insulation layer, a first source electrode and a first drain electrode which may be respectively in contact with both ends of the first channel layer, a second insulation layer which may cover the first channel layer, the first source electrode, and the first drain electrode, and a first nanogap electrode which may be on the second insulation layer and may be divided into two parts with a nanogap, which faces the nanopore, interposed between the two parts.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for acquiring an image of a subject are provided. The method for acquiring the image of the subject includes acquiring a first preliminary image and a second preliminary image of the subject through an image sensor operatively coupled to an electronic device, determining a candidate emission time relating to an acquisition of an output image of the subject, based on a difference between state information of at least part of the first preliminary image and state information of at least part of the second preliminary image, comparing the candidate emission time with a time corresponding to a synchronization period where a plurality of lines of the image sensor simultaneously acquires the output image, and acquiring the output image of the subject based on the comparison.

Abstract: Nanosensors including graphene and methods of manufacturing the same. A nanosensor includes a first insulating layer in which a first nanopore is formed; a graphene layer that is disposed on the first insulating layer and having a second nanopore or a nanogap formed therein adjacent to the first nanopore; and a marker element that is disposed adjacent to the graphene layer and identifies a position of the graphene layer.

Abstract: Transistors and methods of manufacturing the same may include a gate on a substrate, a channel layer having a three-dimensional (3D) channel region covering at least a portion of a gate, a source electrode over a first region of the channel layer, and a drain electrode over a second region of the channel layer.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for acquiring an image of a subject are provided. The method for acquiring the image of the subject includes acquiring a first preliminary image and a second preliminary image of the subject through an image sensor operatively coupled to an electronic device, determining a candidate emission time relating to an acquisition of an output image of the subject, based on a difference between state information of at least part of the first preliminary image and state information of at least part of the second preliminary image, comparing the candidate emission time with a time corresponding to a synchronization period where a plurality of lines of the image sensor simultaneously acquires the output image, and acquiring the output image of the subject based on the comparison.

Abstract: Graphene transferring members, graphene transferrer, methods of transferring graphene, and methods of fabricating a graphene device, may include a metal thin-film layer pattern and a graphene layer sequentially stacked on an adhesive member. The metal thin-film layer and the graphene layer may have the same shape. After transferring the graphene layer onto a transfer-target substrate during the fabrication of a graphene device, the metal thin-film layer is patterned to form electrodes on respective ends of the graphene layer by removing a portion of the metal thin-film layer.

Abstract: Graphene transferring methods, a device manufacturing method using the same, and substrate structures including graphene, include forming a catalyst layer on a first substrate, forming a graphene layer on the catalyst layer, forming a protection metal layer on the graphene layer, attaching a supporter to the protection metal layer, separating the first substrate from the catalyst layer such that the protection metal layer, the graphene layer, and the catalyst layer remain on the supporter, removing the catalyst layer from the supporter, and transferring the protection metal layer and the graphene layer from the supporter to a second substrate.

Abstract: A graphene electronic device includes: a first conductive layer and a semiconductor layer on a first region of an intermediate layer; a second conductive layer on a second region of the intermediate layer; a graphene layer on the intermediate layer, the semiconductor layer, and the second conductive layer; and a first gate structure and a second gate structure on the graphene layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for acquiring an image in an electronic device are provided. The method includes acquiring a first image using an image sensor that comprises a plurality of first pixels having a first exposure and a plurality of second pixels having a second exposure, determining a reference exposure value based on image information, adjusting at least one of the first exposure or the second exposure based on the reference exposure value, and acquiring a second image using the image sensor based on exposure control.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing soil reinforced by microbe-based bio-binders and soil produced by the method. The bio-binders are not harmful to humans, do not cause environmental pollution and secure sufficiently the soil strength and resistance against wind. According to the method, the soil is prepared by binding sand whose major components are silica and alumina, ureolytic microbes, urea, calcium ion, and polymer fibers, and the content of polymer fibers in sand ranges from 0.05 wt % to 5 wt %. In addition, it is preferable that the microbes provide CaCO3 at a rate at 1˜7×10?9 g CaCO3 ppt cell?1 hr?1 under optimum conditions.