Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of polyamines having at least one terminal secondary or tertiary amine function as a detergent additive for fuels and lubricants; to additive concentrates comprising such polyamines; to fuels and lubricants additized with these polyamines and to processes for their preparation.

Abstract: Branched decyl nitrates of the formula R1R2CH—CH2—O—NO2 in which R1 is an n-propyl or isopropyl radical and R2 is a linear or branched alkyl radical having 5 carbon atoms are suitable as combustion improvers and/or cetane number improvers in fuels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of at least one hydrophobin or of a derivative thereof as a defoamer in additive compositions or fuels, to a process for defoaming fuels, to an additive and fuel composition comprising at least one hydrophobin or derivative thereof and at least one further fuel additive, and to a process for preparing at least one fuel composition.

Abstract: The use of mixtures of (A) aliphatic saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acids having from 12 to 24 carbon atoms or their dimerization or trimerization products, or their ammonium salts, amides, esters or nitrites, and (B) polycyclic hydrocarbon compounds which are obtainable from distillation residues of natural oils which have been extracted from tree resins for improving the storage stability of fuel additive concentrates which comprise at least one detergent and at least one cetane number improver, the mixtures of components (A) and (B) being used in a concentration of from 0.7 to 20% by weight based on the total amount of the fuel additive concentrate.

Abstract: A process is proposed for preparing acid formates in which a liquid stream I comprising formic acid and a liquid stream II comprising a metal formate are prepared, the liquid streams I and II are fed to a rectification column in such a manner that a higher or identical feed point to the rectification column is chosen for the liquid stream II than for the liquid stream I, the liquid streams I and II are mixed in the rectification column, with water being removed overhead from the rectification column and a bottoms stream comprising the acid formate is taken off from the rectification column, which comprises the bottoms stream being produced as melt comprising less than 0.5% by weight of water.

Abstract: A process for qualitatively or quantitatively detecting a fuel additive component which is part of an analyte comprising a fuel and/or further fuel additive components, by contacting the analyte with an indicator and determining the change, caused by the interaction between fuel additive component and indicator, in the color properties of the indicator in the analyte.

Abstract: A biodiesel fuel mixture having a cetane number of >40, comprising a) from 1 to 100% by weight of biodiesel, b) from 0 to 98.9% by weight of diesel oil of fossil origin, c) from 0.1 to 20% by weight of polyoxyalkylene dialkyl ether of the formula RO(CH2O)nR ?in which R is an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and n=from 2 to 10, and d) from 0 to 5% by weight of further additives.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to identify and provide a substance that influences the protein concentration of animal organisms as well as to provide preparations based on said substance for use in food for animals and humans. Said aim is achieved by using tartronic acid or the derivatives thereof. The invention thus relates to the use of tartronic acid or the derivatives thereof for producing preparations that are suitable for increasing the protein concentration of animal organisms. Also disclosed is the use of preparations containing tartronic acid or the derivatives thereof in animal fodder or food for humans.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing formic acid by thermally decomposing ammonium formates of tertiary amines A, wherein the tertiary amine A on which the ammonium formate is based has a boiling point at atmospheric pressure in the range from 105 to 175° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of detergent additives for reducing or preventing the formation of deposits in the injection systems of direct-injection diesel engines and in particular in common rail injection systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing formic acid by thermally decomposing ammonium formates of tertiary amines A, wherein the tertiary amine A on which the ammonium formate is based has a boiling point at atmospheric pressure in the range from 105 to 175° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing formic acid formates, whereby (a) formic acid methyl ester is partially hydrolysed with water; (b) formic acid methyl ester and methanol are separated by distillation from the reaction mixture obtained in step (a), forming a current containing formic acid and water; (c) the current obtained in step (b), containing the formic acid methyl ester and optionally methanol, is converted into a current containing formate and water, by (i) reaction with a basic compound having a pKa value of the corresponding acid of the corresponding dissociation step of =3, measured at 25° C. in an aqueous solution, in presence of water, and (ii) separation by distillation of the methanol; and (d) the current obtained in step (b), containing formic acid and water, and the current obtained in step (c), containing formate and water, are combined to form a mixture containing the formic acid formate and water.

Abstract: A process for preparing acid formates which comprises (a) partially hydrolyzing methyl formates with water; (b) separating off by distillation methyl formate and methanol from the reaction mixture obtained in process stage (a), forming a stream comprising formic acid and water; and (c) combining the stream comprising formic acid and water from the process stage (b) and the corresponding formate, forming a mixture comprising the acid formate and water, an apparatus for their preparation and their use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of polyamines having at least one terminal secondary or tertiary amine function as a detergent additive for fuels and lubricants; to additive concentrates comprising such polyamines; to fuels and lubricants additized with these polyamines and to processes for their preparation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of 1,7 octadiene by reacting metathesis of cyclohexene with ethylene. The invention also relates to the production of 1,10-decandiol by hydroformulating 1,7 octadiene produced according to said method. The invention further relates to a method for the production of muscone or olefinically unsaturated analogs thereof using 1,10 decandiol which is obtainable in said manner.

Abstract: A process is proposed for preparing acid formates by providing a liquid stream I containing formic acid and a liquid stream II containing a metal formate, and mixing the liquid stream I with the liquid stream II, obtaining the corresponding acid formate, which comprises feeding, to the liquid stream I or a precursor thereof, to the liquid stream II or a precursor thereof, or to the mixture of the liquid streams I and II, a liquid stream III containing the following components at contents of in each case >0.1% by weight: metal formate, metal methoxide, methanol and MeFo (MeFo), which is produced in a process for preparing MeFo by carbonylating methanol in a reactor at a pressure up to 50 MPa absolute in the presence of a metal methoxide as homogeneous catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to coated or liquid preparations comprising at least one hydroformate of the general formula (I) M3[HCOO]3.HCOOH ??(I) where M=Na, K, Cs, NH4, and the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of methyl formate by reacting methanol with carbon monoxide at a pressure of from 0.5 to 10 MPa abs. and a temperature of from 50 to 150° C. in the presence of a metal alkoxide as catalyst in a reactor, in which a gas stream is withdrawn from the reactor, entrained methyl formate is removed from this gas stream by condensation, and all or some of the remaining gas stream is returned to the reactor as circulating-gas stream and a mean gas superficial velocity of from 1 to 20 cm/s is set in at least one region of the reactor in which the gas flows essentially in one direction.

Abstract: A process for preparing acid formates which comprises (a) partially hydrolyzing methyl formates with water; (b) separating off by distillation methyl formate and methanol from the reaction mixture obtained in process stage (a), forming a stream comprising formic acid and water; and (c) combining the stream comprising formic acid and water from the process stage (b) and the corresponding formate, forming a mixture comprising the acid formate and water, an apparatus for their preparation and their use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to preparations comprising at least one diformate of the general formula XH(COOH)2, where X=Na, K, Cs, NH4 and at least one short-chain carboxylic acids and/or at least one salt of the short-chain carboxylic acid and/or at least one ester and/or at least one derivative of the short-chain carboxylic acid, and to the use of these preparations.