Abstract: Compressed gas dispensing methods using cascade dispensing from a first plurality of storage vessels and a second plurality of storage vessels. A compressor is used to provide very high pressure compressed gas for the second plurality of pressure storage vessels. Various methods are described for different sources of the compressed gas. The methods are particularly suitable for dispensing hydrogen into storage vessels in vehicles.

Abstract: Testing apparatus and method for testing compressed gas dispensing stations where a back pressure regulator is used to imitate filling of receiving vessels without the need for receiving vessels. A mass flow sensor measures the mass of compressed gas dispensed to the testing apparatus, and a controller calculates the pressure for the back pressure regulator to imitate filling of a receiving vessel.

Abstract: Method of operating a hydrogen dispensing where pressure relief is provided through block and bleed valves. After dispensing hydrogen from a dispensing station where the hydrogen is cooled during dispensing, trapped hydrogen remains in the transfer lines. During the idle time between refueling vehicles, the temperature of the trapped hydrogen increases resulting in an increase in the pressure of the trapped hydrogen. Block and bleed valves operate to relieve the pressure in the transfer lines.

Abstract: Compressed gas dispensing methods using cascade dispensing from a first plurality of storage vessels and a second plurality of storage vessels. A compressor is used to provide very high pressure compressed gas for the second plurality of pressure storage vessels. Various methods are described for different sources of the compressed gas. The methods are particularly suitable for dispensing hydrogen into storage vessels in vehicles.

Abstract: Method of operating a hydrogen dispensing where pressure relief is provided through block and bleed valves. After dispensing hydrogen from a dispensing station where the hydrogen is cooled during dispensing, trapped hydrogen remains in the transfer lines. During the idle time between refueling vehicles, the temperature of the trapped hydrogen increases resulting in an increase in the pressure of the trapped hydrogen. Block and bleed valves operate to relieve the pressure in the transfer lines.

Abstract: A method for lessening an initial pressure spike in a receiving tank caused by high pressure residual H2-containing gas contained between a control valve and a block valve when dispensing the residual H2-containing gas into the receiving tank. The block valve is briefly closed before the pressure in the transfer line decreases below a set pressure, thereby lessening the pressure spike in the receiving tank.

Abstract: A method for lessening an initial pressure spike in a receiving tank caused by high pressure residual H2-containing gas contained between a control valve and a block valve when dispensing the residual H2-containing gas into the receiving tank. The block valve is briefly closed before the pressure in the transfer line decreases below a set pressure, thereby lessening the pressure spike in the receiving tank.

Abstract: A system and method for dispensing a compressed gas into a receiving vessel wherein a target temperature profile for the receiving vessel during dispensing is provided, and the flow rate of compressed gas into the receiving vessel is controlled to conform the temperature profile for the receiving vessel during dispensing to the target temperature profile.

Abstract: A method for dispensing gas within a target temperature range wherein the gas exchanges heat with multiple thermal capacitors to cool the gas.

Abstract: A method for dispensing gas within a target temperature range wherein the gas exchanges heat with multiple thermal capacitors to cool the gas.

Abstract: Method for dispensing a compressed gas using at least three dispensing protocols, the selected dispensing protocol depending on the time-averaged dispensing rate. Compressed gas is passed from a plurality of supply vessels, for example a tube trailer, to a plurality of storage vessels, and dispensed from the plurality of storage vessels to a plurality of receiving vessels. The supply vessel providing the compressed gas depends on the compressed gas pressure in the supply vessel and the anticipated time-averaged dispensing rate for the time period.

Abstract: Method for dispensing a compressed gas to receiving vessels wherein a threshold pressure of compressed gas needed to supply the dispensing system is calculated, the threshold pressure depending on the anticipated time-averaged dispensing rate for a time period. Compressed gas is passed from a plurality of supply vessels, for example a tube trailer, to a plurality of storage vessels, and dispensed from the plurality of storage vessels to a plurality of receiving vessels. The supply vessel providing the compressed gas is required to have a compressed gas pressure greater than the calculated threshold pressure.

Abstract: A method for dispensing compressed gas from two or more compressed gas storage volumes to receiving vessel such as vehicle fuel tanks. Control instructions are provided to cycle the compressed gas storage volumes through pressure cycles in a rolling rotating cascading manner such that each of the compressed gas storage volumes cycle from an upper pressure limit to a lower pressure limit.

Abstract: A system and method for dispensing a compressed gas into a receiving vessel wherein a target temperature profile for the receiving vessel during dispensing is provided, and the flow rate of compressed gas into the receiving vessel is controlled to conform the temperature profile for the receiving vessel during dispensing to the target temperature profile.

Abstract: Method for dispensing a compressed gas using at least three dispensing protocols, the selected dispensing protocol depending on the time-averaged dispensing rate. Compressed gas is passed from a plurality of supply vessels, for example a tube trailer, to a plurality of storage vessels, and dispensed from the plurality of storage vessels to a plurality of receiving vessels. The supply vessel providing the compressed gas depends on the compressed gas pressure in the supply vessel and the anticipated time-averaged dispensing rate for the time period.

Abstract: Method for dispensing a compressed gas to receiving vessels wherein a threshold pressure of compressed gas needed to supply the dispensing system is calculated, the threshold pressure depending on the anticipated time-averaged dispensing rate for a time period. Compressed gas is passed from a plurality of supply vessels, for example a tube trailer, to a plurality of storage vessels, and dispensed from the plurality of storage vessels to a plurality of receiving vessels. The supply vessel providing the compressed gas is required to have a compressed gas pressure greater than the calculated threshold pressure.

Abstract: A method for dispensing gas within a target temperature range wherein the gas exchanges heat with multiple thermal capacitors to cool the gas.

Abstract: A method for dispensing a compressed gas for reducing the amount of residual gas in dispensing station storage vessels before refilling is required. The method comprises transferring compressed gas into receiving vessels in a first series of fill-ups where each of the receiving vessels receive compressed gas from a first mobile storage device and subsequently from a second mobile storage device, transporting the first mobile storage device to a refilling station after the first mobile storage device has been depleted to a selected depletion level, refilling the first mobile storage device at the refilling station, and transferring compressed gas into receiving vessels in a second series of fill-ups where each of the receiving vessels receive compressed gas from the second mobile storage device and one or more of the first mobile storage device after refilling and a third mobile storage device.

Abstract: Compressed gas delivery system and process for use thereof wherein compressed gases are withdrawn from compressed gas storage vessels, passed through pressure regulated flow control valves and critical flow venturis to control the mass flow rates of the compressed gases forming the blend of the compressed gases prior to dispending the blend.

Abstract: A method an apparatus for filling a vessel with compressed gas is disclosed. Gas is compressed into the vessel at a predetermined flow rate using a variable speed pump or compressor. The flow rate is adjusted to increase the gas pressure at a predetermined rate of change. The flow rate is adjusted based upon the instantaneous value of a measured parameter such as gas temperature or pressure or ambient temperature. The parameter is measured by a transducer and the value is fed back to a controller which adjusts the speed of the compressor or pump to produce the flow rate needed to achieve the predetermined pressure rate of change.