Abstract: A leak detection system for a refrigerant circuit is provided. The refrigerant circuit is sealed and circulates a working fluid having a refrigerant (e.g., flammable refrigerant) and an oil. A reducing tag component is solubilized within the refrigerant. The leak detection system also includes a sensor for detecting the tag component if the refrigerant should leak from the refrigerant circuit. The sensor is highly sensitive to the tag component and thus enhanced detection is enabled. The tag component is stable in the working fluid and does not affect the flammability rating or performance of the refrigerant or oil. The tag component is present at a concentration of from about 50 ppm to about 35,000 ppm in the refrigerant. Methods of detecting leaks from refrigeration systems are also provided.

Abstract: A leak detection system for a refrigerant circuit is provided. The refrigerant circuit is sealed and circulates a working fluid having a refrigerant (e.g., flammable refrigerant) and an oil. A reducing tag component is solubilized within the refrigerant. The leak detection system also includes a sensor for detecting the tag component if the refrigerant should leak from the refrigerant circuit. The sensor is highly sensitive to the tag component and thus enhanced detection is enabled. The tag component is stable in the working fluid and does not affect the flammability rating or performance of the refrigerant or oil. The tag component is present at a concentration of from about 50 ppm to about 35,000 ppm in the refrigerant. Methods of detecting leaks from refrigeration systems are also provided.

Abstract: A shotgun adapter is provided for firing a shotgun cartridge having a shotgun bore which is larger than the cartridge. The adapter is a generally hollow tubular member having a cylindrical tapered outer wall and an inner wall concentric with the outer wall, with the inner wall being uniquely tapered to specified degrees depending on the shell gauge to be used.

Abstract: A shotgun adapter is provided for firing a shotgun cartridge having a shotgun bore which is larger than the cartridge. The adapter is a generally hollow tubular member having a cylindrical tapered outer wall and an inner wall concentric with the outer wall, with the inner wall being uniquely tapered to specified degrees depending on the shell gauge to be used.

Abstract: A shotgun adapter is provided for firing a shotgun cartridge having a shotgun bore which is larger than the cartridge. The adapter is a generally hollow tubular member having a cylindrical outer wall and an inner wall concentric with the outer wall, with the inner wall and outer wall being uniquely tapered to specified degrees designed to improve the shooting accuracy when skeet shooting with different gauge cartridges.

Abstract: A valve assembly has a discharge valve member and a suction valve member. One of these valve members includes a reed valve. The reed valve has a tab which includes a localized through hardened area which provides a wear surface. The remainder to the reed valve has a lower hardness to provide fatigue strength to the reed valve.