Abstract: According to the invented process an alloy powder of catalytically active metal(s) and alkali-soluble metal(s) is suspended in a solution having a weight 3-10 times of that of the alloy and containing 0.5-4 wt % of an alkali hydroxide, where the amount of alkali hydroxide in the solution used is 5-30% of the weight of the alloy, or the alloy powder is suspended in water and a solution containing amount of alkali hydroxide is dropped to it, the suspension is heated at 90-100.degree. C. until the intensive hydrogen development stops, then a solution containing 10-40 wt % alkali hydroxide is added to the suspension in such amount that the content of the alkali hydroxide relative to the weight of the starting alloy is 10-60 wt %, the suspension is stirred at 30-100.degree. C. for further 3-60 minutes, and the solid phase is separated and washed to neutral.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new catalyst applicable in hydrocracking of hydrocarbons. The catalyst contains as catalytically active components: a) a ZSM-5 zeolite wherein 10-100% of the exchangeable hydrogen ions have been replaced by nickel ions, and b) 0.3-3 parts by weight of magadiite in hydrogen form for 1 part by weight of component (a). The catalyst can be applied in hydrodewaxing of gas oil, and enables the production with an extremely low pour point.

Abstract: The invention relates to improved manufacture of methylene bis-(dibutyl-dithiocarbamate) with ASTM coulour less than 2, by reacting aqueous solutions of dibutyl amine and sodium hydroxide with carbon disulfide, treating the obtained reaction product with methylene dichloride, followed by vacuum stripping, phase separation and filtration of the precipitated sodium chloride. According to the invention, during reaction with carbon disulfide the temperature of the mixture is kept at or below 15.degree. C. and the vacuum stripping is performed in two steps, first between 45.degree. C. and 100.degree. C. and at a pressure of 5-50 kPa, then phase separation is carried out at a temperature between 35.degree. C. and 50.degree. C., followed by stripping the separated organic phase in vacuum also at a temperature between 45.degree. C. and 100.degree. C. and at a pressure of 5-50 kPa.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of a supported metal catalyst containing at least one metal belonging to Group A and optionally at least one metal belonging to Group B, wherein Group A encompasses the metals palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, platinum, iridium, osmium, silver, gold and cadmium and Group B encompasses the metals zinc, mercury, germanium, tin, antimony and lead. According to the invention, the metal(s) is (are) applied onto the support in the presence of at least one compound of the general formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each stands for a straight-chained or branched C.sub.1-20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-4 hydroxyalkyl group or a phenyl-(C.sub.1-4 alkyl) group optionally having additional substituents, preferably C.sub.1-4 alkyl groups, on the phenyl ring, andX is hydroxy group or the residue of an organic or mineral acid.According to the invention, highly active catalysts can be prepared by an easy and economical process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of highly accurate and stable silver-silver salt reference electrode. According to the invention a homogeneous mixture is formed from silver powder and a powdered silver salt, then a paste is prepared by blending the mixture with a liquid binding agent capable of adhering to metals, applying the paste onto the surface of an electrode base, allowing the paste to harden and then subjecting the electrode to a heat treatment between 100.degree. C. and 250.degree. C. In this latter step a porous silver-silver salt layer is formed on the metal base, which renders the electrode highly accurate and stable.Ion selective measuring electrodes are prepared essentially in the same manner with the difference that silver is replaced partly or entirely by graphit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the selective hydroxymethylation of substituted ortho- or paranitrotoluenes of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in order to prepare nitrophenylalkanols of the general formula (II) ##STR2## In the above formulae the nitro group is attached to the benzene ring in ortho or para position related to the methyl group or the hydroxyalkyl side chain, respectively, X stands for hydrogen, fluorine or an alkyl, alkoxy or nitro group, and n is 1, 2 or 3.According to the process of the invention the starting substance is hydroxymethylated with an excess of formaldehyde at a temperature above room temperature in dimethyl formamide and in the presence of a strong base. The reaction is performed in dimethyl formamide containing 0.1 to 1% by weight of water, and the reaction is directed to the formation of the required end-product by properly adjusting the temperature and the amount of formaldehyde and the base with respect to the starting compound of the general formula (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of aldehydes by hydrogenating carboxylic chlorides of the general formula RCOCl, wherein R stands for alkyl, isoalkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, aromatic, heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic group, the substituents being alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, alkoxy, carboxyl, carbonyl and nitro groups wherein the hydrogenation is carried out in the presence of an alloy catalyst comprising at least one element of the platinum group and at least one element of the groups IB and IIB of the periodic system.The invention renders possible the production of aldehydes in a fair yield and at an adequate selectivity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel method of preparing catalysts containing the oxides and/or oxyhydrates of aluminum, silicon, magnesium or zinc either alone or in combination with each other, or catalysts containing a metal or a metal oxide as active component and an above-identified oxide and/or oxyhydrate or a mixture thereof as support. According to the invention catalysts with excellent activities can be prepared with a simple and economic operation.One proceeds, in accordance with the invention, as follows: powdered metallic aluminum, silicon, magnesium or zinc or a fused mixture thereof, or, when a supported catalyst is to be prepared, a fused mixture also containing one or more catalytically active metals, is admixed with an alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, said alkaline agent being used in an amount of 0.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel selective hydrogenating catalysts comprising at least one platinum group component and at least one of a group IB or group IIB component. These catalysts are prepared by depositing and reducing an ion, complex or hydroxide of at least one metal belonging to the platinum group together with an ion, complex or hydroxide of at least one metal belonging to either of groups IB and IIB of the Periodic System.

Abstract: The invention relates to new Raney-nickel catalysts containing as promoter at least two metals selected from the group consisting of chromium, cobalt, molybdenum and manganese.These novel catalysts are far more active than the conventional Raney-nickel catalysts containing no promoter or containing only a single foreign metal.