Abstract: Provided is a display device capable of switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle with a simple configuration and simple control. The problem is solved by providing a display element and an optical switching element which is disposed on a visible side of the display element, in which the optical switching element has a light guiding plate and a light source for causing light to be incident on an end surface of the light guiding plate, and 80% or more of the light emitted from the light guiding plate when the light source is turned on is emitted to a region at an angle of 30° or more with respect to a normal line of the light guiding plate on a surface on the opposite side of the display element.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide an optical laminate which has excellent workability in the production of a polarizing plate and is capable of suppressing the occurrence of cracks in the polarizing plate, a polarizing plate, a method of manufacturing the polarizing plate using the optical laminate, and an image display device having the polarizing plate. An optical laminate according to the invention has a polarizer, an optical anisotropic layer, and a masking layer in this order, and hardness HB of the masking layer and hardness HA of a layer adjacent to the optical anisotropic layer side of the masking layer satisfy Expression (1): HA×0.5?HB?HA×2??(1).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a plastic cell having a sealing part that does not lose a sealing property even in a case where a plastic substrate is deformed into a free shape with roughness or curved surfaces, and a method for manufacturing the same. The plastic cell of the present invention is a plastic cell including a first plastic substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, a fluid layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and a second plastic substrate, in this order, in which the plastic cell further includes a sealing part that seals the fluid layer by deformation of a part of the first plastic substrate or the second plastic substrate, and the sealing part is a sealing part having a region of a wavy line shape that satisfies Expression (1), P?40 A??(1) in Expression (1), P represents a period of the wavy line shape, and A represents an amplitude of the wavy line shape.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a liquid crystal cell in which liquid crystal molecules are not blended into a plastic substrate even if the plastic substrate is deformed through stretching or shrinkage. A liquid crystal cell of the present invention includes at least two plastic substrates of which at least one is a heat-shrinkable film satisfying a heat shrinkage rate of 5% to 75%; a liquid crystal layer; and a polymer layer between at least one plastic substrate and the liquid crystal layer and into which a composition containing at least one monofunctional monomer having a hydrophilic group and is monofunctional acrylate or monofunctional methacrylate, and at least one polyfunctional monomer having two or more functional groups and is polyfunctional acrylate or polyfunctional methacrylate, is polymerized, in which a wavelength of maximum absorbance of each of the monofunctional monomer and the polyfunctional monomer is 190 to 250 nm.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a novel laminate and a novel image display device which have both of a gas barrier function and a circular polarization conversion function and have a reduced thickness as compared to those in the related art. A laminate of the invention has a substrate, an inorganic layer, an alignment film, and an organic layer in this order, and the organic layer contains a liquid crystal compound.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate and a second substrate opposed to each other with liquid crystal therebetween. A first pixel including a first TFT element and a first pixel electrode formed of a transparent conducting layer and disposed over the first substrate. A second pixel, adjacent to the first pixel, including a second TFT element and a second pixel electrode formed of a transparent conducting layer and disposed over the first substrate. A gate signal line disposed over the first substrate, is connected to the first and the second TFT elements. A drain signal line disposed over the first substrate and between the first and the second pixel electrodes, is connected to the second TFT element. A counter electrode formed of a transparent conducting layer and disposed over the first substrate, and is overlapped with the first and the second pixel electrodes and the drain signal line.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a novel image display device which has both of a gas barrier function and a polarization conversion function and has a reduced thickness as compared to those in the related art. An image display device of the invention has a sealing material and an image display element in this order from the visible side, the sealing material is a laminate having a substrate, an inorganic layer, and an organic layer, and the organic layer contains a liquid crystal compound.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a novel laminate and a novel image display device which have both of a gas barrier function and a polarizer function and have a reduced thickness as compared to those in the related art. A laminate of the invention has a laminate which has a substrate, an inorganic layer, and an organic layer, and the organic layer contains an organic dichroic pigment.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a plastic cell that maintains conductivity without losing a sealing property and allows extension of an electrode even in a case where a plastic substrate is deformed into a free shape with roughness or curved surfaces, and a method for manufacturing the same. The plastic cell of the present invention includes a first plastic substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, a fluid layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and a second plastic substrate, in this order, the plastic cell further including a sealing part that seals the fluid layer by deformation of a part of the first plastic substrate or the second plastic substrate, in which the first plastic substrate has a first through-hole, the second plastic substrate has a second through-hole, the first through-hole has a first conductive material therein, and the second through-hole has a second conductive material.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a novel laminate and a novel image display device which have both of a gas barrier function and a circular polarization conversion function and have a reduced thickness as compared to those in the related art. A laminate of the invention has a substrate, an organic layer A, an inorganic layer B, and an organic layer B in this order, and at least one of the organic layer A or the organic layer B contains a liquid crystal compound.

Abstract: The polarizing plate of the present invention includes a polarizer and an optical element that rotates a polarization plane of polarized light emitted from the polarizer, an orientation direction on a surface of the optical element on a polarizer side is parallel to an absorption axis of the polarizer, an orientation direction on a surface of the optical element opposite to the polarizer is perpendicular to the absorption axis of the polarizer, and ?nd and a birefringence parameter RH of the optical element fall in a range of a predetermined region in an orthogonal coordinate in which ?nd is indicated along a vertical axis and the birefringence parameter RH is indicated along a lateral axis.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate and a second substrate opposed to each other with liquid crystal therebetween. A first pixel including a first TFT element and a first pixel electrode formed of a transparent conducting layer and disposed over the first substrate. A second pixel, adjacent to the first pixel, including a second TFT element and a second pixel electrode formed of a transparent conducting layer and disposed over the first substrate. A gate signal line disposed over the first substrate, is connected to the first and the second TFT elements. A drain signal line disposed over the first substrate and between the first and the second pixel electrodes, is connected to the second TFT element. A counter electrode formed of a transparent conducting layer and disposed over the first substrate, and is overlapped with the first and the second pixel electrodes and the drain signal line.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a plastic cell that maintains conductivity without losing a sealing property and allows extension of an electrode even in a case where a plastic substrate is deformed into a free shape with roughness or curved surfaces, and a method for manufacturing the same. The plastic cell of the present invention includes a first plastic substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, a fluid layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and a second plastic substrate, in this order, the plastic cell further including a sealing part that seals the fluid layer by deformation of a part of the first plastic substrate or the second plastic substrate, in which the first plastic substrate has a first through-hole, the second plastic substrate has a second through-hole, the first through-hole has a first conductive material therein, and the second through-hole has a second conductive material.

Abstract: Provided is a display device capable of switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle with a simple configuration and simple control. The problem is solved by providing a display element and an optical switching element which is disposed on a visible side of the display element, in which the optical switching element has a light guiding plate and a light source for causing light to be incident on an end surface of the light guiding plate, and 80% or more of the light emitted from the light guiding plate when the light source is turned on is emitted to a region at an angle of 30° or more with respect to a normal line of the light guiding plate on a surface on the opposite side of the display element.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a plastic cell and a method for manufacturing the same, in which a failure such as air bubbles does not occur in a case where a plastic cell using a plastic substrate is sealed by thermal fusion welding. The plastic cell of the present invention is a plastic cell including a first plastic substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, a fluid layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and a second plastic substrate, in this order, in which the plastic cell further includes a sealing part that seals the fluid layer, and the sealing part has at least a first sealing part and a second sealing part, the first sealing part being a sealing part which is formed by deformation of a part of the first plastic substrate or the second plastic substrate and occupying 80% to 99.5% with respect to the entire volume of the sealing part, and the second sealing part being a sealing part other than the first sealing part in the sealing part that seals the fluid layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate and a second substrate opposed to each other with a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate has a plurality of drain signal lines and a plurality of gate signal lines, and a plurality of pixel regions are defined by the drain signal lines and the gate signal lines. Each of the pixel regions includes a first electrode having a plurality of strip-like portions extending in an extension direction of the drain signal lines, the strip-like portions having at least one bent portion so that extension directions of each two parts of the strip-like portions separated by the at least one bent portion are different from each other, and a second electrode formed between the first substrate and the first electrode, and being overlapped with the strip-like portions in plan view.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a plastic cell having a sealing part that does not lose a sealing property even in a case where a plastic substrate is deformed into a free shape with roughness or curved surfaces, and a method for manufacturing the same. The plastic cell of the present invention is a plastic cell including a first plastic substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, a fluid layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and a second plastic substrate, in this order, in which the plastic cell further includes a sealing part that seals the fluid layer by deformation of a part of the first plastic substrate or the second plastic substrate, and the sealing part is a sealing part having a region of a wavy line shape that satisfies Expression (1), P?40 A??(1) in Expression (1), P represents a period of the wavy line shape, and A represents an amplitude of the wavy line shape.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a plastic cell that maintains conductivity without losing a sealing property even in a case where a plastic substrate is deformed into a free shape having roughness or curved surfaces, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment film which does not lose a function as a liquid crystal cell even in a case where three-dimensional formation is performed with a high degree of freedom, a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional liquid crystal cell using the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment film, and a three-dimensional liquid crystal cell produced by the method of manufacturing a three-dimensional liquid crystal cell. A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention includes a step of arranging a liquid crystal alignment agent to a heat-shrinkable film satisfying a heat shrinkage rate of 5% to 75%, and a step of drying the liquid crystal alignment agent arranged at 40° C. to 150° C. so as to form the liquid crystal alignment film.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal cell in which liquid crystal molecules are not blended into a plastic substrate even in a case where the plastic substrate is greatly deformed through stretching or shrinkage, and a three-dimensional liquid crystal cell using the liquid crystal cell.