Abstract: Disclosed are a substrate support device and a method of controlling prevention of leakage of temperature control fluid. In a substrate support device that controls temperature through supply of temperature control fluid, a sealing member configured to be actively controlled in volume expansion taking into consideration a difference in coefficient of expansion between a fluid supply block supplying the temperature control fluid and an electrostatic chuck due to the materials thereof is employed, thereby preventing leakage of the temperature control fluid.

Abstract: A circuit board according to an embodiment includes an insulating layer; a first circuit pattern disposed on a first surface of the insulating layer; a first solder resist disposed on the first surface of the insulating layer; and a first barrier layer including a first-first portion disposed between the first solder resist and the first circuit pattern, and a first-second portion disposed between the insulating layer and the first circuit pattern; wherein the firs-first portion of the first barrier layer includes: a first-first gold (Au) layer disposed under a lower surface of the first circuit pattern; and a first-first palladium (Pd) layer disposed under a lower surface of the first-first gold (Au) layer; wherein the first-second portion of the first barrier layer includes: a first-second gold (Au) layer disposed to surround a side surface and an upper surface of the first circuit pattern; and a first-second palladium (Pd) layer disposed to surround the first-second gold (Au) layer; and wherein the first c

Abstract: A circuit board according to an embodiment includes an insulating layer having a concave portion on an upper surface thereof; a first circuit pattern layer disposed in the concave portion of the insulating layer; and a protective layer disposed on the first circuit pattern layer; wherein the first circuit pattern layer includes: a first metal layer, and a second metal layer disposed on the first metal layer to fill a stepped portion between an upper surface of the first metal layer and an upper surface of the insulating layer, and the protective layer includes an opening overlapping the second metal layer in a vertical direction.

Abstract: A circuit board according to an embodiment includes an insulating layer; a first circuit pattern disposed on a first surface of the insulating layer; a first solder resist disposed on the first surface of the insulating layer; and a first barrier layer including a first-first portion disposed between the first solder resist and the first circuit pattern, and a first-second portion disposed between the insulating layer and the first circuit pattern; wherein the firs-first portion of the first barrier layer includes: a first-first gold (Au) layer disposed under a lower surface of the first circuit pattern; and a first-first palladium (Pd) layer disposed under a lower surface of the first-first gold (Au) layer; wherein the first-second portion of the first barrier layer includes: a first-second gold (Au) layer disposed to surround a side surface and an upper surface of the first circuit pattern; and a first-second palladium (Pd) layer disposed to surround the first-second gold (Au) layer; and wherein the first c

Abstract: This invention relates to a solidifying agent for solidifying radioactive waste, and more particularly to a solidifying-agent composition for solidifying radioactive waste, including alumina cement and a gypsum powder. The solidifying-agent composition including alumina cement and a gypsum powder is capable of effectively minimizing an increase in the volume of a solidified radioactive waste product to a level satisfying physical and chemical safety regulations upon the solidification of radioactive waste.

Abstract: A catheter apparatus for photodynamic therapy includes: a catheter movable to a lesion site of tissues; a stent installed to be inserted into and retracted from an end of the catheter such that a length thereof is adjustable, and coated with a photosensitizer, and an optical fiber inserted into the catheter to be movable to be positioned at a central portion of the stent. The optical fiber irradiates the photosensitizer with a laser to activate the photosensitizer in a state where the stent is pulled out from the catheter and expanded.

Abstract: An apparatus can be used for controlling a door for a vehicle. A sensor unit is provided in the door and configured to sense an object adjacent to a region outside of the door. A controller configured to calculate a distance between the object and the door based on a signal received from the sensor unit, set a range by dividing and setting sensing ranges for each sensing distance of the sensor unit, and control the door to be opened while the distance to the object is gradually reduced in a state where the door is closed, such that the object is sensed within a predetermined range. The range is set by setting a maximum sensing distance in a state where the door is opened to be longer than in the state where the door is closed.

Abstract: An operation method and an electronic device are provided. A phone call is established while a display of the electronic device is activated. A proximity sensor of the electronic device is turned on. A supply of power to the proximity sensor is controlled to emit light through a plurality of pixels in a portion of the display corresponding to a position of the proximity sensor and the light emitted by the proximity sensor and reflected by an object is received to identify a distance between the electronic device and the object, if the plurality of the pixels in the position corresponding to the proximity sensor are deactivated during the phone call. The supply of power to the proximity sensor is blocked if the plurality of pixels in the portion of the display corresponding to the proximity sensor are activated during the phone call.

Abstract: An operation method and an electronic device are provided. A phone call is established while a display of the electronic device is activated. A proximity sensor of the electronic device is turned on. A supply of power to the proximity sensor is controlled to emit light through a plurality of pixels in a portion of the display corresponding to a position of the proximity sensor and the light emitted by the proximity sensor and reflected by an object is received to identify a distance between the electronic device and the object, if the plurality of the pixels in the position corresponding to the proximity sensor are deactivated during the phone call. The supply of power to the proximity sensor is blocked if the plurality of pixels in the portion of the display corresponding to the proximity sensor are activated during the phone call.

Abstract: Image sensors are provided. The image sensors may include a substrate including first, second, third and fourth regions, a first photoelectric conversion element in the first region, a second photoelectric conversion element in the second region, a third photoelectric conversion element in the third region, a fourth photoelectric conversion element in the fourth region, a first microlens at least partially overlapping both the first and second photoelectric conversion elements, and a second microlens at least partially overlapping both the third and fourth photoelectric conversion elements. The image sensors may also include a floating diffusion region and first, second and third pixel transistors configured to perform different functions from each other. Each of the first, second and third pixel transistors may be disposed in at least one of first, second, third and fourth pixel regions. The first pixel transistor may include multiple first pixel transistors.

Abstract: Image sensors are provided. The image sensors may include a substrate including first, second, third and fourth regions, a first photoelectric conversion element in the first region, a second photoelectric conversion element in the second region, a third photoelectric conversion element in the third region, a fourth photoelectric conversion element in the fourth region, a first microlens at least partially overlapping both the first and second photoelectric conversion elements, and a second microlens at least partially overlapping both the third and fourth photoelectric conversion elements. The image sensors may also include a floating diffusion region and first, second and third pixel transistors configured to perform different functions from each other. Each of the first, second and third pixel transistors may be disposed in at least one of first, second, third and fourth pixel regions. The first pixel transistor may include multiple first pixel transistors.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for controlling shut-off of a fuel gun in a filler pipe of a fuel tank which inhibits early shut-off of the fuel gun before the fuel tank is fully filled with fuel while refueling. The apparatus includes: a retainer mounted in a filler neck of the fuel tank; a partition disposed in a space between an inner circumferential surface of the filler neck and an outer circumferential surface of the retainer and having a fuel intake hole formed in a lower end of the partition; and an early shut-off prevention valve disposed in the partition. The early shut-off prevention valve closes the fuel intake hole before the fuel tank is fully filled with fuel, and opens the fuel intake hole by fuel flowing to the filler neck from the fuel tank when the fuel tank is fully filled with the fuel.

Abstract: The inventive concept provides a substrate treating apparatus. The substrate treating apparatus includes a chamber having a treating space therein; a support unit disposed within the treating space and configured to support a substrate; and a plasma generation unit configured to generate a plasma from a process gas supplied to the treating space; and wherein the plasma generation unit comprises: a bottom electrode member; and a top electrode member opposite to the bottom electrode member, wherein the top electrode member comprises: an electrode plate including an electrode; a first plate made of a different material from the electrode plate; and a second plate, and wherein the second plate, the electrode plate, and the first plate are stacked on one another.

Abstract: A system for controlling shut-off of a fuel pump nozzle in a fuel tank includes: a fuel evaporation gas blocking unit configured to separate an outer space of a fuel injection part of the fuel pump nozzle inserted inside the filler pipe into a first space into which external air is introduced and a second space into which fuel evaporation gas that is discharged from the fuel tank is introduced and to block the evaporation gas from being introduced into the first space; an external air suction jet pump mounted in the fuel tank and configured to suck external air thereinto and discharge the external air into the fuel tank, by receiving a portion of fuel transmitted from the fuel pump in the fuel tank as a working fluid; and a jet pump connection hose configured to connect the first space and the external air suction jet pump.

Abstract: A fuel measurement system and a fuel gauge error reduction method are provided. The fuel gauge error reduction method includes determining a driving mode of a vehicle based on an external input condition; calculating a remaining amount of fuel using a different manner corresponding to each driving mode; and providing the calculated remaining amount of fuel.

Abstract: A valve system of a vehicle fuel pump includes: a reservoir cup disposed within a fuel tank storing fuel in the reservoir cup; a fuel pump configured to pump fuel from the reservoir cup to the engine while supplying fuel to a jet pump through a first discharge port; a jet pump configured to charge the reservoir cup with fuel by drawing fuel from the fuel tank by using a pressure of fuel supplied by the fuel pump; and a jet pump control valve disposed on the first discharge port and configured to control a flow of fuel discharged from the fuel pump to the jet pump.

Abstract: A circuit board according to an embodiment includes an insulating layer; a first circuit pattern disposed on a first surface of the insulating layer; a first solder resist disposed on the first surface of the insulating layer; and a first barrier layer including a first-first portion disposed between the first solder resist and the first circuit pattern, and a first-second portion disposed between the insulating layer and the first circuit pattern; wherein the firs-first portion of the first barrier layer includes: a first-first gold (Au) layer disposed under a lower surface of the first circuit pattern; and a first-first palladium (Pd) layer disposed under a lower surface of the first-first gold (Au) layer; wherein the first-second portion of the first barrier layer includes: a first-second gold (Au) layer disposed to surround a side surface and an upper surface of the first circuit pattern; and a first-second palladium (Pd) layer disposed to surround the first-second gold (Au) layer; and wherein the first c

Abstract: Disclosed is a graft for a biological tube including a graft having a hollow of a specific length, having openings at opposite ends along a lengthwise direction thereof, and being contractible, and the graft is contracted to be adhered to outer peripheral surfaces of biological tubes when heat is applied to the graft in a state, in which portions of the biological tubes are inserted into the openings of the graft.

Abstract: Image sensors are provided. The image sensors may include a substrate including first, second, third and fourth regions, a first photoelectric conversion element in the first region, a second photoelectric conversion element in the second region, a third photoelectric conversion element in the third region, a fourth photoelectric conversion element in the fourth region, a first microlens at least partially overlapping both the first and second photoelectric conversion elements, and a second microlens at least partially overlapping both the third and fourth photoelectric conversion elements. The image sensors may also include a floating diffusion region and first, second and third pixel transistors configured to perform different functions from each other. Each of the first, second and third pixel transistors may be disposed in at least one of first, second, third and fourth pixel regions. The first pixel transistor may include multiple first pixel transistors.