Abstract: A room 100 in a building has a living etc. space 101 of volume V that is an enclosed space. Ventilation of an air flow F is performed from the outside to the living etc. space 101. Entering/exiting of air as an air current between the inside of the living etc. space 101 and the outside is eliminated, and at least a part of the boundary between the living etc. space 101 and the outside is configured from a gas exchange membrane 310 having a diffusion constant D, a thickness L, and an area A for gas molecules of interest. When air inside the living etc. space 101 is sufficiently agitated and the concentration of gas molecules constituting the air is made spatially uniform, ?(t) is controlled so as to vary according to ? ? ( t ) = ? o - BL AD ? ( 1 - exp ? ( - [ AD ? / ? L ] ? t ? / ? V ) ) ( 9 ) B(m3/s) is the gas consumption amount inside the living etc. space 101, ?1 (t) is the gas concentration inside the living etc.

Abstract: A fluid processing apparatus includes: a casing having a fluid inlet pipe and a fluid outlet pipe; multiple rectifying plates with holes in parallel with each other provided within the casing on a side of the fluid inlet pipe, the rectifying plates being perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the casing; and a light source for irradiating fluid passing from the fluid inlet pipe through the casing to the fluid outlet pipe with ultraviolet rays.

Abstract: A room 100 in a building has a living etc. space 101 of volume V that is an enclosed space. Ventilation of an air flow F is performed from the outside to the living etc. space 101. Entering/exiting of air as an air current between the inside of the living etc. space 101 and the outside is eliminated, and at least a part of the boundary between the living etc. space 101 and the outside is configured from a gas exchange membrane 310 having a diffusion constant D, a thickness L, and an area A for gas molecules of interest. When air inside the living etc. space 101 is sufficiently agitated and the concentration of gas molecules constituting the air is made spatially uniform, ?(t) is controlled so as to vary according to ? ? ( t ) = ? o - BL AD ? ( 1 - exp ? ( - [ AD ? / ? L ] ? t ? / ? V ) ) ( 9 ) B(m3/s) is the gas consumption amount inside the living etc. space 101, ?1(t) is the gas concentration inside the living etc.

Abstract: A fluid processing apparatus includes: a casing having a fluid inlet pipe and a fluid outlet pipe; multiple rectifying plates with holes in parallel with each other provided within the casing on a side of the fluid inlet pipe, the rectifying plates being perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the casing; and a light source for irradiating fluid passing from the fluid inlet pipe through the casing to the fluid outlet pipe with ultraviolet rays.

Abstract: An ultraviolet ray emitting package includes: a substrate having an upper portion defining a recess; an ultraviolet ray emitting element provided within the recess of the substrate; an ultraviolet ray transmitting window member provided on the upper portion of the substrate to cover the recess of the substrate; a resin adhesive layer provided between the upper portion of the substrate and the ultraviolet ray transmitting window member; and an optical shielding layer provided between the resin adhesive layer and the ultraviolet ray transmitting window member.

Abstract: An ultraviolet ray emitting package includes: a substrate having an upper portion defining a recess; an ultraviolet ray emitting element provided within the recess of the substrate; an ultraviolet ray transmitting window member provided on the upper portion of the substrate to cover the recess of the substrate; a resin adhesive layer provided between the upper portion of the substrate and the ultraviolet ray transmitting window member; and an optical shielding layer provided between the resin adhesive layer and the ultraviolet ray transmitting window member.

Abstract: A simple membrane assay method for detecting or quantitating an analyte in a specimen sample using an assay device equipped with a membrane bound with a capture-substance to capture the analyte, including the steps of filtering a specimen sample using a filter, dropping the filtrate onto said membrane and detecting the presence of the analyte in said specimen sample, as well as a simple membrane assay kit for detecting the presence of an analyte in a specimen sample, including (1) a filter tube, and (2) an assay device equipped with a membrane bound with a capture-substance to capture the analyte. The method or the kit can decrease the occurrence of false positivity and can provide a highly accurate detection of the analyte such as pathogen and antibody in a specimen collected in a medical scene or by an individual.

Abstract: A backlight device for LCD displays can include a light-emitting source of the type that includes a cold-cathode or hot-cathode fluorescent tube that is lit with a high-frequency power supply. The high-frequency power supply can be PWM-controlled to adjust the brightness. The high-frequency power supply can also be randomly phase-modulated with an irregular modulation code to light the fluorescent tube. This enables the infrared radiation from the fluorescent tube to be spread over a wider band such that the level thereof is lowered to a level that does not interfere with typical remote controls.

Abstract: A long-life hot cathode fluorescent lamp can include a pair of parallel lead wires that can be arranged at each end of a tube. A coiled filament can be connected at its opposite end portions to the lead wires. The coiled filament can have two long pitched regions in which a coil pitch is longer than regions outside of the long pitched regions. Emitter can be located in a region defined between the two long pitched regions. Shape characteristics and intensive current flow obtained by the presence of the long pitched regions can form the origins of discharge near the boundaries between long and short pitched regions. Accordingly, stable discharge can be achieved with the origins of discharge located at ends of the emitter. As a result, the hot cathode fluorescent lamp is allowed to have a long life and stable light emission characteristics.

Abstract: A long-life hot cathode fluorescent lamp can include a pair of parallel lead wires that can be arranged at each end of a tube. A coiled filament can be connected at its opposite end portions to the lead wires. The coiled filament can have two long pitched regions in which a coil pitch is longer than regions outside of the long pitched regions. Emitter can be located in a region defined between the two long pitched regions. Shape characteristics and intensive current flow obtained by the presence of the long pitched regions can form the origins of discharge near the boundaries between long and short pitched regions. Accordingly, stable discharge can be achieved with the origins of discharge located at ends of the emitter. As a result, the hot cathode fluorescent lamp is allowed to have a long life and stable light emission characteristics.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a hot cathode fluorescent lamp can ensure or facilitate stable initial luminous intensity and provide improved product life characteristics even when the hot cathode fluorescent lamp employs a glass tube with an outer diameter of less than 7 mm?. One end of a glass tube can be sealed with a glass bead of a mount structure. The other opening end of the glass tube can be welded with an opening end of an exhaust pipe with bent portions of lead wires being sandwiched between the opening ends of the glass tube and the exhaust pipe. After evacuating a vacuum system that is constituted by the inner spaces of the glass tube and the exhausted pipe communicating with each other, the bent portions of the lead wires which extrude outside the vacuum system can be clamp-connected to power source lines extending from an external power source. The emitter of the filaments can be activated by the generated heat of the filament.

Abstract: A simple membrane assay method for detecting or quantitating an analyte in a specimen sample using an assay device equipped with a membrane bound with a capture-substance to capture the analyte, including the steps of filtering a specimen sample using a filter, dropping the filtrate onto said membrane and detecting the presence of the analyte in said specimen sample, as well as a simple membrane assay kit for detecting the presence of an analyte in a specimen sample, including (1) a filter tube, and (2) an assay device equipped with a membrane bound with a capture-substance to capture the analyte. The method or the kit can decrease the occurrence of false positivity and can provide a highly accurate detection of the analyte such as pathogen and antibody in a specimen collected in a medical scene or by an individual.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a simple membrane assay method for detecting or quantitating an analyte in a specimen sample using an assay device equipped with a membrane bound with a capture-substance to capture the analyte, comprising the steps of filtering a specimen sample using a filter, dropping the filtrate onto said membrane and detecting the presence of the analyte in said specimen sample, as well as a simple membrane assay kit for detecting the presence of an analyte in a specimen sample, comprising (1) a filter tube, and (2) an assay device equipped with a membrane bound with a capture-substance to capture the analyte. The method or the kit can decrease the occurrence of false positivity and can provide a highly accurate detection of the analyte such as pathogen and antibody in a specimen collected in a medical scene or by an individual.

Abstract: There is provided cell observation apparatus (10) comprising cell observation chamber (30) and optical observation means (70), the cell observation chamber (30) having, disposed thereinside, a pair of wells and a channel through which the wells communicate with each other so that cells of a cell suspension stocked in one of the pair of wells can react with a chemotaxis-factor-containing solution stocked in the other well and can move from the one well to the other well through the channel, the optical observation means (70) capable of optically observing the cells moving through the channel from outside of the cell observation chamber (30), wherein the cell observation chamber (30) with its part exposed from casing (20) is housed in the casing (20) and wherein the optical observation means (70) is housed in the casing (20) so that the optical axis thereof horizontally extends allow in the cell observation chamber (30).

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a hot cathode fluorescent lamp can ensure or facilitate stable initial luminous intensity and provide improved product life characteristics even when the hot cathode fluorescent lamp employs a glass tube with an outer diameter of less than 7 mm?. One end of a glass tube can be sealed with a glass bead of a mount structure. The other opening end of the glass tube can be welded with an opening end of an exhaust pipe with bent portions of lead wires being sandwiched between the opening ends of the glass tube and the exhaust pipe. After evacuating a vacuum system that is constituted by the inner spaces of the glass tube and the exhausted pipe communicating with each other, the bent portions of the lead wires which extrude outside the vacuum system can be clamp-connected to power source lines extending from an external power source. The emitter of the filaments can be activated by the generated heat of the filament.

Abstract: A backlight device for LCD displays can include a light-emitting source of the type that includes a cold-cathode or hot-cathode fluorescent tube that is lit with a high-frequency power supply. The high-frequency power supply can be PWM-controlled to adjust the brightness. The high-frequency power supply can also be randomly phase-modulated with an irregular modulation code to light the fluorescent tube. This enables the infrared radiation from the fluorescent tube to be spread over a wider band such that the level thereof is lowered to a level that does not interfere with typical remote controls.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a simple membrane assay method for detecting or quantitating an analyte in a specimen sample using an assay device equipped with a membrane bound with a capture-substance to capture the analyte, comprising the steps of filtering a specimen sample using a filter, dropping the filtrate onto said membrane and detecting the presence of the analyte in said specimen sample, as well as a simple membrane assay kit for detecting the presence of an analyte in a specimen sample, comprising (1) a filter tube, and (2) an assay device equipped with a membrane bound with a capture-substance to capture the analyte. The method or the kit can decrease the occurrence of false positivity and can provide a highly accurate detection of the analyte such as pathogen and antibody in a specimen collected in a medical scene or by an individual.

Abstract: There is provided cell observation apparatus (10) comprising cell observation chamber (30) and optical observation means (70), the cell observation chamber (30) having, disposed thereinside, a pair of wells and a channel through which the wells communicate with each other so that cells of a cell suspension stocked in one of the pair of wells can react with a chemotaxis-factor-containing solution stocked in the other well and can move from the one well to the other well through the channel, the optical observation means (70) capable of optically observing the cells moving through the channel from outside of the cell observation chamber (30), wherein the cell observation chamber (30) with its part exposed from casing (20) is housed in the casing (20) and wherein the optical observation means (70) is housed in the casing (20) so that the optical axis thereof horizontally extends alow in the cell observation chamber (30).

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a thermal complementary (combination of heat supply and heat discharge) system which can complement heat without the restriction of area of a region to be supplied with heat. An endless multiplex helical loop is formed to complement the heat produced in a region such as plants and regional facilities on a reciprocal basis, and the water is not circulated forcibly but achieves heat transfer in the helical loop. Liquid or slurry-like water is sealed in the annular endless channel (endless loop) without forcibly circulated. Therefore, loop diameter of the annular endless channel, that means the area of the region, is not limited. The water forms temperature zones in the endless helical loop, the temperature being different per each component loop. Distributed cryogenic sources and thermal sources are thermally connected to said multiplex helical loop so that heat (i.e. water) can be taken in or discharged to or from said cryogenic or thermal sources.

Abstract: A lubricated steel material has a lubricating film on the steel surface. The film has good press formability, film removability, and blocking resistance, and possesses a high level of rust preventing properties in that it can prevent the steel material from rusting when kept in stacked or coiled conditions with no oil application. The lubricated steel material is produced by coating a steel material with a coating composition comprising from 74% to 97.7% by weight of an acrylic resin having an acid number of from 30 to 150 and a glass transition temperature of from 5 to 90° C., from 2% to 20% by weight of a water repellant, preferably one or more classes selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid esters, metal soaps, polyethylene fine powder, and fluoroplastic fine powder, and from 0.