Abstract: A material of ions is sputtered with cesium ions to generate negative ions and, the negative ions are accelerated and mass-separated to obtain a negative ion beam, and a material of thin film is sputtered with the negative ion beam, thereby forming a thin film on a base material.

Abstract: A method for producing a SiO.sub.2 glass material having regions changed in light refractive index is provided which comprises implanting at least 5.times.10.sup.19 Ge ions/cm.sup.3 into a SiO.sub.2 glass substrate, heat-treating the substrate at a temperature exceeding 300.degree. C., and exposing the substrate to an ultraviolet light. Also provided is a SiO.sub.2 glass material produced by the method.

Abstract: A seal or bearing comprising a combination of a movable member and a stationary member, either one of the movable and stationary members being made of a low thermal expansion coefficient material, and the other being made of a carbon containing material, wherein a sliding surface of the movable or stationary member which is made of the low thermal expansion coefficient material is irradiated with an ion beam consisting essentially of nitrogen ions at the same time as titanium is vacuum-deposited on the sliding surface, thereby forming a thin titanium nitride film on the sliding surface, which provide a seal or bearing which has a reduced coefficient of friction, and which is improved in wear resistance.

Abstract: A method for the extraction of an ion current from a space of a high degree of vacuum into a space of a low degree of vacuum comprises interposing between the space of the high degree of vacuum and the space of the low degree of vacuum an ion current thin film formed of a member having a uniform crystal orientation and causing the ion current to pass from the space of the high degree of vacuum through the thin film into the space of the low degree of vacuum.

Abstract: A light transmitting rod (22) on an end surface of which is disposed a reflecting mirror (26) and on the other end surface of which is mounted a lamp (44) as a light source for emitting light into the light transmitting rod (22) is attached to a base (12), and a diffusion stripe (24) is formed by applying fine powder having a high refractive index to the outer circumferential surface of the light transmitting rod (22) in a rectilinearly pin-striped manner along the axial direction thereof, whereby an even linear light profile of high luminous energy level and having uniform luminous energy as well as no polarization which is also irradiation light having a small light distribution beam angle and being substantially parallel rays can be obtained. As a result, it is possible to provide a light source unit used suitably in business and office machines such as an image scanner, an optical printer, a monochromatic copying machine, a color copying machine, a facsimile machine and the like.

Abstract: This invention provides an illuminating device characterized in that the device comprises a light-transmitting rod for transmitting the light incident on one end thereof toward the otehr end, a diffusion pattern formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rod by adhering a fine powder of high refractive index in the shape of a line extending continuously or discretely axially of the rod, and a transparent protective tube covering the peripheral surface of the rod with a circumferential clearance formed between the rod and the tube, the clearance between the rod and the protective tube being sealed off at opposite ends thereof.

Abstract: This invention provides a branch structure for a rod-type optical transmission line having a quartz rod core, characterized in that two quartz rod branch members bent to a substantially L-shaped form and having a circular cross section are combined together with the axes of longitudinal portions of the members in parallel and with the horizontal portions thereof bifurcated, the combined longitudinal portions being ground to a planar surface each at the opposed faces thereof so as to conjointly form a circular cross section in a predetermined cross sectional area ratio, the combined longitudinal portions being adhered together at the ground planar surfaces, conjointly having the same diameter as the quartz rod core and being coaxially connected to the core at a straight portion of the transmission line. The branch structure of the present invention can divide light for transmission into a branch line at a desired ratio with a reduced transmission loss.