Abstract: A treated permeable inorganic membrane is disclosed comprising a permeable inorganic membrane capable of reacting with an organic acid. The treated membrane has good chemical stability over a pH range of from 1 to 14, is capable of controlling the flux through the membrane, has altered internal and external wetting properties of the membrane surface, and has controlled pore size due to the presence of a monomolecular layer of an organic acid material chemically bonded to the surface of the inorganic membrane. The monomolecular layer of organic acid material is formed on the membrane surface by contacting the membrane with an organic acid reactant selected from the class consisting of phosphonic acid having the formula RPO(OH).sub.2 ; phosphinic acid having the formula RR'PO(OH); monocarboxylic acids having the formula RCOOH; dicarboxylic acids having the formula R"(COOH).sub.2 ; boronic acid having the formula RB(OH).sub.

Abstract: A chromatographic packing material is disclosed which comprises generally spherical metal oxide/hydroxide support particles comprising crystals extending radially outward from a central core region and having a shape selected from principally acicular to principally lamellar and having bonded to the surface of said metal oxide/hydroxide support particles a layer of one or more phosphorus-containing organic materials comprised of a phosphorus-containing acid group bonded to said metal oxide/hydroxide particles and an unreacted carbon-containing acid group.

Abstract: An active material is disclosed which comprises a metal oxide/hydroxide surface having chemically bonded to reactive sites thereon a substantially monomolecular layer of organic acid molecules. Each organic acid molecule is chemically bonded to a reactive site on the oxide/hydroxide surface through a phosphorus-containing acid group selected from the group consisting of a phosphonic acid group and a phosphinic acid group. Each organic acid molecule also comprises an unreacted acid group oriented away from the metal oxide/hydroxide surface and selected from the class consisting of a phosphonic acid group, a phosphinic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, and a carboxylic acid group.

Abstract: An active material and method of making same are disclosed comprising a metal oxide/hydroxide surface having chemically bonded to reactive sites thereon, a layer of a perfluorinated organic material formed by reacting with the metal oxide/hydroxide a perfluorinated organic acid comprised of an acid group and a perfluorinated carbon-containing group. The bond to the metal oxide/hydroxide surface is formed by reaction of the acid group with the metal oxide/hydroxide surface, so that the perfluorinated carbon-containing group is oriented away from the metal oxide/hydroxide surface. The perfluorinated organic acid may be a perfluorinated phosphonic acid, a perfluorinated phosphinic acid, a perfluorinated carboxylic acid, or a mixture of two or more of the acids.

Abstract: A treated permeable inorganic membrane having good chemical stability over a pH range of from 1 to 14. The monomolecular layer of organic acid material is formed on the membrane surface by contacting phosphonic acid having the formula RPO(OH).sub.2 ; phosphinic acid having the formula RR'PO(OH); monocarboxylic acids having the formula RCOOH; dicarboxylic acids having the formula R"(COOH).sub.2 ; or boronic acid having the formula RB(OH).sub.2.

Abstract: An active material is disclosed comprising a metal oxide/hydroxide surface having chemically bonded to reactive sites thereon, a monolayer of a phosphorus-containing organic material comprised of a phosphorus-containing group and a carbon-containing group. The bond to the metal oxide/hydroxide surface is formed by reaction of the phosphorus-containing group with the metal oxide/hydroxide surface, so that the carbon-containing group of the material is oriented away from the metal oxide/hydroxide surface.

Abstract: An active material is disclosed comprising metal oxide/hydroxide particles having chemically bonded to reactive sites on a surface thereof, a monolayer of a phosphorous-containing organic material comprised of a phosphorous-containing group and a carbon-containing group. The bond to the metal oxide/hydroxide surface is formed by reaction of the phosphorous-containing group with the metal oxide/hydroxide particle surface, so that the carbon-containing group of the material is oriented away from the metal oxide/hydroxide surface.