Abstract: An improvement for use on a V-type two-cycle engine having two rows cylinders with air intake passages aligned generally symmetrically on either side of an engine crankshaft is disclosed wherein the attachment of the air intake passages to the engine crankcase is rigidified so as to suppress the vibrations generated by the air intake system. This structural interconnection can take the integrally forming the intake passages with the crankcase, securing the between the cylinder rows end a support member formed integral with the crankcase and/or supporting the intake passages to the crankcase at their upstream ends through an air intake box. In addition, the air intake passages may be integrally formed with bearing supports for the engine crankshaft to enable the crankcase to be formed from more than one piece which can be readily detached for inspection and maintenance purposes.

Abstract: Several embodiments of induction systems for two cycle, crankcase compression, internal combustion engines employed for powering outboard motors. The outboard motor is supported for tilt and trim movement and the induction system is designed so as to extend from the intake ports of the engine in a generally rearward direction so as to be substantially unaffected by changes in trim angle and acceleration. The invention is described in conjunction with both V-type and inline type of engines.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of scavenging port configurations for two-cycle internal combustion engines wherein the a scavenge port is formed adjacent the exhaust port and is masked by a cylinder liner so as to avoid the escape of scavenging gases to the exhaust port, particularly at the end of the scavenging cycle.

Abstract: The air/fuel charge supplied to the cylinder rows of a V-type two-cycle engine is separately determined based on the air intake conditions associated with each of the cylinder rows. The air/fuel supply system according to the present invention promotes good mixing and misting of the fuel and air and delivers an optimal amount of fuel to each of the cylinders such that imbalances in the combustion and output of the two cylinder rows are minimized.

Abstract: An induction system for a crankcase compression, two cycle, V-type internal combustion engine having a compact configuration. The engine cylinder banks are disposed at a V-angle and define a valley therebetween in which the induction system is positioned. A fuel injector is supplied for spraying fuel to each of the intake ports and the fuel injectors are disposed in the valley of the engine each between the respective induction system and the cylinders served by it.

Abstract: A cylinder is provided for use in reciprocating machines. The cylinder has a wear resistant plating formed on its inner surface in such a way that the plating will not extend to the top end of the cylinder at the time the end surface of the cylinder is machined for final fit. Such placement of the plating ensures that this final machining step will not strip any plating material from the inner surface of the cylinder. The cylinder may be integral with the cylinder block or a liner for it.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for a crankcase compression two cycle internal combustion engine wherein the amount of fuel supplied by the fuel injectors is decreased temporarily in the event the engine speed is accelerated after operating at a speed below a predetermined speed for a predetermined length of time. The amount of fuel reduction is determined by the length of time at which the speed has been below the predetermined speed and also the rate of opening of the throttle valve.

Abstract: A two cycle, crankcase compression internal combustion engine which has one or more individually sealed crank chambers defined by one or more crank webs and a transfer passage associated with each chamber formed within the crankshaft body and cylinder block to provide increased flow area for the fuel/air mixture between the induction system and each cylinder. An inner wall forming portion of the crankcase body is expanded outwardly around crank webs and has an inwardly extending member associated with each crank web. A groove is formed in each inwardly extending member and cooperates with each of the outwardly expanding areas to define each of the transfer passages.

Abstract: Six embodiments of a cowling assembly for a powerhead of an outboard motor are provided which include a top cover divided into a center cowling emmber, and removable front and rear cowling members, or alternatively, two removable side cowling members. Each of these embodiments provides a cowling assembly which can be easily removed or opened to permit convenient servicing of the engine, and which prevents water from entering into the interior of the cowling. In the first two embodiments, the front and rear cowling members, or alternatively the two side cowling members, are connected to the center cowling member by elastic bands. Instead of using elastic bands, however, third and sixth embodiments of this invention provided a pair of hinges to be used to pivotally connect the front and rear cowling members to the center cowling member at the tops thereof so that the front and rear cowling members or side cowling members can be opened up.

Abstract: Several embodiments of marine outboard drives including an arrangement for automatically adjusting the trim condition of an outboard drive in response to an acceleration and/or deceleration condition of the watercraft. In the embodiments the acceleration or deceleration condition is sensed by the position of a control element. In some embodiments this control element is a single-lever throttle and transmission control, in other embodiments the element comprises a portion of the throttle linkage and in other embodiments the element comprises a portion of the spark advance mechanism of the engine.

Abstract: A lubricant system for an internal combustion engine of the type employed to power a vehicle that does not have a braking system of its own. In connection therewith, lubricant is supplied to the engine in response to throttle valve position. Additional lubricant is supplied under deceleration conditions when rapid closure of the throttle valve will not necessarily be accompanied by rapid reduction of engine speed so that additional lubricant is required.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of exhaust arrangements for two cycle multiple cylinder internal combustion engine. In each embodiment, the cylinder block has exhaust ports that communicate with the cylinder bores and extend through a side surface of the cylinder block. This side is closed by a cover that forms a manifold for receiving the exhaust gases and lengthening the distance between the port and the junction with the manifold. In line and V-type embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of watercraft propulsion unit controls for optimizing watercraft performance and maintaining stability. Performance is optimized in the illustrated embodiments by adjusting the trim angle of the propulsion device and stability is maintained by changing either the trim condition or the speed of the propulsion unit. The desired posture may either be preset in response to an earlier stable condition or may be set upon reaching of optimum performance.

Abstract: Several embodiments of marine outboard drives including an arrangement for automatically adjusting the trim condition of an outboard drive in response to an acceleration and/or deceleration condition of the watercraft. In the embodiments the acceleration or deceleration condition is sensed by the position of a control element. In some embodiments this control element is a single-lever throttle and transmission control, in other embodiments the element comprises a portion of the throttle linkage and in other embodiments the element comprises a portion of the spark advance mechanism of the engine.

Abstract: An automatic speed control mechanism for an outboard motor that is compact in configuration so that it will fit within the outer cowling of an outboard motor and not intrude into the engine space. In addition, the automatic speed control includes a program that will provide a malfunction indication in the event the automatic speed control functions when it is not intended.

Abstract: An outboard motor having a turbo-charged internal combustion engine as a power device. The engine is provided with a plurality of carburetors that draw air through a common plenum chamber. The turbo-chargers deliver pressurized air to the plenum chamber and an intercooler is formed in the plenum chamber by having a heat exchanger extending across the plenum chamber. The intercooler is cooled by circulating engine coolant through it.

Abstract: A trimming device for a marine propulsion apparatus wherein the operator may effect manual trim-up or trim-down adjustment to predetermined positions. In addition, a device is incorporated for automatically trimming down the outboard drive when the speed of the propulsion unit falls below a predetermined value.

Abstract: An arrangement for controlling a two-cycle marine engine having a fuel injection system wherein the firing frequency of the cylinders is reduced under low speed running so as to improve fuel economy and engine performance by improving scavenging while the firing intervals between the cylinders is maintained uniform. The invention is disclosed as being applied to a number of variations of multiple cylinder engines and may be employed with spark ignited or diesel engines since the ignition system of the engine per se is not affected.

Abstract: A control system for a watercraft that presents the existence of more than a predetermined degree of acceleration when the watercraft is being steered through a substantial steering angle.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of two-cycle, turbo-charged internal combustion engines having an improved arrangement for locating the inlet of the turbine stage so as to minimize the necessity for backflow in the exhaust conduit. A number of embodiments are illustrated for applying this principle to outboard motors and in many of these embodiments, twin turbo-chargers are employed. The turbo-chargers are disposed in such a relationship so as to permit a compact relationship and to avoid close proximity between the exhaust conduits and the compressor stages.